Quranic root
رقد
r · q · d
The root's central orientation is sleep, with related extensions to staying or settling and a divergent branch describing rapid movement.
The lexical development proceeds from sleep to remaining settled in a place; a separate, marked branch describes moving swiftly or headlong, as though abandoning sleep.
- Maqāyīs · row 2111
- 2
- Quran-attested forms
- 3
- Quran senses
- 2
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
مَرْقَد
marqad
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A sleeping place; a place of sleep.
In the Quranic expression مَرْقَدِنَا, “our sleeping place,” the noun denotes the place where one sleeps.
- Lane · entry 24155
- Mufradāt · row 573
Selected Quran examples
Quran 36:52word 6
“our sleeping place”
Sleeping or resting, as a verbal noun.
A tentative analysis of the Quranic expression treats مَرْقَدِنَا as a verbal noun rather than a place noun; this reading yields “our sleeping” or “our resting.”
- Lane · entry 24155
رُقُود
ruqūd
- Part of speech
- Noun · verbal noun / plural active participle
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Sleep; being asleep; sleepers.
In the Quranic usage, the form describes the Companions of the Cave as asleep or as sleepers. It may be understood as a verbal noun or as a plural referring to sleeping persons; the sleep is described in contrast with death, not restricted to a particular time of day or ordinary duration.
- Lane · entry 24140
- Lane · entry 24153
- Mufradāt · row 573
Selected Quran examples
Quran 18:18word 4
“(were) asleep”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
View all 2 occurrencesBroader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 18 Classical meanings
رَقَدَ
To abstain or hold back; by extension, to neglect or fail to attend to someone.
Used with an affair for refraining from it and with a guest for neglecting or failing to visit attentively.
- Lane · entry 24140
رَقَدَ
To become inactive, slack, stagnant, or abated.
Figuratively used of a garment that has become worn out and unusable, a market that has become dull, or heat that has subsided.
- Lane · entry 24140
تَرْقِيد
A quick manner of walking.
The attestation is tentative and may reflect a misrecording of another word.
- Lane · entry 24141
أَرْقَدَ
To cause someone or something to sleep; to put to sleep.
The causative may be said of a person, a child, or a medicine that induces sleep.
- Lane · entry 24142
أَرْقَدَ
To reside, stay, dwell, or abide in a place.
Constructed with a place, town, country, or land.
- Lane · entry 24142
تَرَاقَدَ
To pretend to be asleep.
Describes feigned rather than actual sleep.
- Lane · entry 24143
اِرْقَدَّ
To hasten or move swiftly, sometimes running vehemently or headlong.
May describe rapid movement with leaps or bounds, including a heedless or random course.
- Lane · entry 24144
اِسْتَرْقَدَ
To become overpowered by sleep or drowsiness and consequently desire sleep.
Describes the onset of overpowering sleepiness.
- Lane · entry 24145
رَقْد
A place-name for a mountain, or according to another report a valley, from which millstones are obtained; by extension, a millstone from that place.
Occurs in the expression أَرْحَاءُ رَقْدٍ, “the millstones of Raqd.”
- Lane · entry 24146
رَقْدَة
A state of suspended vitality between the present life and the life to come.
A specialized usage for a state likened to extinction of vitality, distinct from ordinary sleep.
- Lane · entry 24147
رَقْدَة
A spell or period of heat.
A figurative usage for heat returning after wind and an abatement of severe heat, or lasting for a stated period.
- Lane · entry 24147
رَقَدَان
Lively leaping or springing caused by briskness.
Illustrated by the lively leaps of a lamb or kid; the example does not restrict the meaning to those animals.
- Lane · entry 24149
رَقُود
A person who sleeps much or is habitually asleep.
In the expression رَقُودُ الضُّحَى, “one who sleeps through the morning,” it can conventionally describe a person leading an easy, soft, or delicate life.
- Lane · entry 24151
رَاقُود
A large pitch-smeared vessel or oblong earthen jar resembling a dān.
The plural is رَوَاقِيدُ; the term is reported as Arabicized.
- Lane · entry 24154
رَاقُود
A small, rounded sea fish about the size of a finger.
A separate zoological usage of the same form.
- Lane · entry 24154
مُرْقِد
A medicine that causes the drinker to sleep.
The noun denotes the sleep-inducing agent rather than the act of putting someone to sleep.
- Lane · entry 24156
مُرْقِد
A conspicuous or clearly visible road.
A disputed or uncertain lexical usage reported alongside the medicinal meaning.
- Lane · entry 24156
مِرْقِدَّى
A man quick in his affairs.
Describes promptness or rapidity in conducting one's business.
- Lane · entry 24158
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
رُقُود in 18:18 has two supported grammatical analyses: a verbal noun meaning “sleep” and a plural referring to sleeping persons. These are presented as one lexical sense because the semantic content is the same.
The alternative verbal-noun interpretation of مَرْقَدِنَا is tentative; the supplied Quran context directly supports the sleeping-place reading.