Quranic root
ركس
r · k · s
The root centers on turning a thing upside down and returning its beginning to its end.
This orientation extends from physical inversion to reversal, sending back, or returning from one state to another. The Quranic Form IV applies it to being cast back into unbelief or plunged into an adverse state; the related noun رِكْسٌ denotes rejected or filthy matter, explained as having been diverted from its original use.
- Maqāyīs · row 2125
- Mufradāt · row 579
- 1
- Quran-attested forms
- 2
- Quran senses
- 2
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
أَرْكَسَ
ʾarkasa
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form IV
- Form
- IV
- Quran occurrences
- 2 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To overturn, reverse, or cast someone back into an adverse or former state; in Quranic usage, to cast people back into unbelief or plunge them back into an evil condition.
Used transitively in the active; the Quranic passive occurrence expresses undergoing this reversal or being plunged back into the condition.
- Lane · entry 24327
- Lane · entry 24328
- Mufradāt · row 579
Selected Quran examples
Quran 4:88word 7
“cast them back”
Quran 4:91word 13
“they are plunged”
To separate or disperse people as a consequence of their disbelief and disobedience.
Recorded as an alternative interpretation of the Quranic use in the same construction.
- Lane · entry 24327
- Lane · entry 24328
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
View all 2 occurrencesBroader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 7 Classical meanings
رَكَسَ
To turn a thing over or upside down; to reverse its order or direction; figuratively, to overturn an enemy or change his state or condition.
The verbal noun رَكْسٌ denotes this act of turning over or reversal.
- Lane · entry 24327
رَكَسَ
To separate or set a thing apart.
A distinct transitive use from physical reversal.
- Lane · entry 24327
رَكَسَ
To turn someone back or cause him to return to evil; also, to return a garment or piece of cloth to the dyeing liquor.
These are conventional applications involving return to a prior or different condition.
- Lane · entry 24327
اِرْتَكَسَ
To become overturned, inverted, subverted, or reversed; to return or revert from one state to another; to fall back into a situation from which one had escaped.
An intransitive or reflexive Form VIII use.
- Lane · entry 24329
رِكْسٌ
Uncleanness, dirt, or filth; anything disliked because of its uncleanness, including excrement or rejected matter.
A nominal usage, also treated as synonymous with رَجِيعٌ in the supplied evidence.
- Lane · entry 24330
مَرْكُوسٌ
A thing turned over, upside down, or reversed; something turned or sent back or away; one who goes back or reverts from a state or condition.
A passive-participial and descriptive use covering reversed things and one who reverts.
- Lane · entry 24332
رَكِيسٌ
A weak person who returns or reverts from one thing or state to another.
A specialized epithet in the supplied Classical Arabic evidence.
- Lane · entry 24332
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The supplied Lane passage presents separation or dispersal as an alternative interpretation of the Quranic reversal, rather than as a separate QAC morphological form.
Lane's Quran citation uses historical citation notation; the modern verse and word locations shown here are only the independently supplied QAC locations.