Quranic root
ألل
ʾ · l · l
The lexical analysis presents three root orientations: flashing or restless movement, sound or cry, and a cause or bond that is maintained and protected.
For the noun إِلّ, the supported semantic development follows the maintained-bond orientation into kinship, covenant, sacred right, and reported theological readings. The flashing and acoustic material remains a root-level Classical orientation rather than a Quranic gloss for إِلّ.
- Maqāyīs · row 129
- Lane · entry 7011
- 1
- Quran-attested forms
- 4
- Quran senses
- 2
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
إِلّ
ʾill
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 2 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A tie of kinship or relationship; nearness in kindred.
In the Quranic construction لا يرقبون في مؤمن إِلًّا, the term is interpreted as a relationship or kinship bond.
- Lane · entry 7011
Selected Quran examples
Quran 9:8word 8
“(of) kinship”
Quran 9:10word 5
“(of) kinship”
A compact, covenant, confederacy, or protective bond; an assurance of safety or security.
In the same Quranic construction, the term is also interpreted as a covenant or obligation of protection and security.
- Lane · entry 7011
Lordship.
A reported interpretation of the Quranic term identifies it with lordship or divine governance.
- Lane · entry 7011
God, as a divine designation.
A reported interpretation of the Quranic term identifies it with God; this interpretation is disputed in the cited lexical discussion.
- Lane · entry 7011
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
View all 2 occurrencesBroader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 12 Classical meanings
ال
The definite article, marking a noun as known or determinate.
It may identify something through prior mention, mental conception, or present contextual reference.
- Lane · entry 7010
ال
The article in generic use, denoting a species, its individuals collectively, the totality of its characteristic properties, or its essence.
The scope may be the whole class, the comprehensive properties represented in one exemplar, or the species as a quiddity.
- Lane · entry 7010
ال
The article marking a noun's predominant or conventionally salient referent.
Context supplies a referent treated as the leading or familiar instance of the noun, such as the culturally understood city or book.
- Lane · entry 7010
ال
The article prefixed to a transferred proper name to allude to the name's original lexical meaning.
The prefix may be retained when the original descriptive sense is intended and omitted when only the proper name is intended.
- Lane · entry 7010
ال
A relative element equivalent to الذي and its variants.
It is prefixed especially to active and passive participles; extension to epithets, adverbs, or propositions is reported as exceptional or chiefly poetic.
- Lane · entry 7010
أل
An interrogative particle equivalent to هل, meaning whether or did.
This is a rare Classical usage.
- Lane · entry 7010
إِلّ
Anything regarded as sacred or inviolable, or a right pertaining to such a thing.
This is a broader Classical lexical use distinct from the specific Quranic interpretations listed above.
- Lane · entry 7011
إِلّ
A good or sound origin; a source or provenance free from defect, suspicion, or disrepute.
It may describe the origin of a person or thing, or the person or source from which it originates.
- Lane · entry 7011
إِلّ
Revelation or inspiration.
A reported Classical use of the noun.
- Lane · entry 7011
إِلّ
A person or persons, with the form used in a plural sense.
This is a reported Classical usage associated with the noun's plural interpretation.
- Lane · entry 7011
إِلّ
A neighbor.
This synonymic use is reported with uncertain transmission and may reflect the related sense of neighborhood or protection.
- Lane · entry 7011
إِلَّىّ
Relating or attributable to إِلّ, whether understood as God or as revelation or inspiration.
Used in the expression أَمْرٌ إِلَّىٌّ; the intended referent depends on the sense assigned to إِلّ.
- Lane · entry 7013
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The two Quran occurrences of إِلّ admit several reported readings: kinship, covenant or security, lordship, and God. The divine reading is explicitly disputed in the lexical evidence.
The Lane material also contains the separate function word ال; it is retained under other_classical_meanings and is not treated as a sense of the Quranic noun إِلّ.