Quranic root
أذي
ʾ · dh · y
The root centers on what is found disagreeable and cannot be comfortably endured or settled with, extending to harm, annoyance, hurt, and related discomfort.
The basic notion of aversion or unsettledness develops into experiencing or causing slight harm and distress. Related Classical usages include bodily uncleanliness and the restless movement of a camel, while Form IV expresses causing harm.
- Maqāyīs · row 58
- Mufradāt · row 25
- 2
- Quran-attested forms
- 4
- Quran senses
- 24
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
آذَى
ʾādhā
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form IV
- Form
- IV
- Quran occurrences
- 15 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To harm, hurt, annoy, molest, or trouble.
A transitive Form IV verb covering physical, verbal, social, and other forms of causing something disagreeable; passive forms express undergoing such harm.
- Lane · entry 6449
- Mufradāt · row 25
Selected Quran examples
To inflict physical harm, specifically to strike in the Quranic directive associated with 4:16.
A Quran-specific physical application of causing harm, explicitly explained as striking; it is a contextual specialization of the verb rather than a general restriction on its objects.
- Lane · entry 6449
- Mufradāt · row 25
Selected Quran examples
Quran 4:16word 4
“then punish both of them”
أَذًى
ʾadhan
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 9 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Harm, hurt, annoyance, or trouble; anything disagreeable that reaches a person in body, self, or consequences.
The Quranic noun covers physical and social harm, including hurtful treatment, troublesome conduct, and other injury or distress. Some Classical descriptions distinguish it from ضرر as lesser harm, but the Quranic usage is broader than a single type of injury.
- Lane · entry 6448
- Lane · entry 6449
- Lane · entry 6451
- Lane · entry 6456
- Mufradāt · row 25
Selected Quran examples
A bodily ailment or unclean condition regarded as harmful; in 2:222, the condition of menstruation is termed أذى.
This sense is tied to the Quranic medical and legal description in 2:222 and is distinct from the noun's general meaning of harm or annoyance.
- Lane · entry 6451
- Mufradāt · row 25
Selected Quran examples
Quran 2:222word 6
“(is) a hurt”
Quran 2:196word 24
“an ailment”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 2:196أَذًۭىan ailment
- 2:222أَذًۭى(is) a hurt
- 2:262أَذًۭى ۙhurt
- 2:263أَذًۭى ۗ(by) hurt
- 2:264وَٱلْأَذَىٰor [the] hurt
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 7 Classical meanings
أَذِيَ
To experience or suffer slight harm, annoyance, or something disagreeable; also, to show the effect of such suffering.
Form I is intransitive in this use. The described harm is characterized in the lexical evidence as less than ضرر, and showing its effect is treated as an action within one's control.
- Lane · entry 6448
أَذِيَ
To be unclean, dirty, or filthy.
A Classical Form I verbal use applied to a thing.
- Lane · entry 6448
أَذَّى
A state of annoyance or molestation, or anything that annoys, harms, or hurts; a slight evil.
A substantive or quasi-verbal-noun usage associated with the states and things that cause or embody annoyance and harm.
- Lane · entry 6451
أَذٍ
Of a person, one who experiences, or causes, what is disagreeable or harmful in a great or vehement degree.
An intensive adjectival use; the lexical evidence describes both undergoing and causing pronounced harm.
- Lane · entry 6452
أَذٍ
Restless and unwilling to remain in one place by natural disposition.
Applied to a camel when the restlessness is not caused by pain or disease.
- Lane · entry 6452
أَذِيَّةٌ
A disagreeable, hateful, or harmful thing in a slight degree; annoyance or molestation.
A substantive derived from the root's Form I and Form V usages and also used in relation to causing harm.
- Lane · entry 6456
آذِيٌّ
A wave of the sea, especially a vehement wave or roller raised by the wind.
The plural is reported as أَوَاذِيٌّ; this is a distinct maritime noun, not a meaning of the Quranic verb or noun.
- Lane · entry 6457
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Form IV public headword is normalized to the Classical perfect citation form آذَى rather than copying the inflected QAC lemma.
Lane's historical citation to the Quran at xxxiii. 47 is used only as lexical evidence; it is not converted into a modern verse key because 33:47 is not a supplied QAC occurrence for this packet.
The intensive adjective discussion in Lane entry 6452 contains an unclear omitted parallel form in the transcription; its clearly stated person and camel meanings are represented, but that unidentified form is not separately assigned.
Unassigned or ambiguous evidence
In Lane entry 6452, the text around the parallel intensive adjective is incomplete or omitted in the supplied transcription. The underlying additional form cannot be identified confidently, so only the explicitly recoverable meanings—intensive harm involving a person and natural restlessness of a camel—are assigned.