Quranic root
هجد
h · j · d
A root orientation toward settling, remaining still, or resting in place.
This orientation develops into sleep and the sleeper, while Form V describes rousing oneself from sleep for night prayer. It also appears in the image of a camel settling the front of its neck on the ground.
- Maqāyīs · row 4837
- Mufradāt · row 1510
- 1
- Quran-attested forms
- 1
- Quran senses
- 1
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
تَهَجَّدَ
tahajjada
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form V
- Form
- V
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To awaken from sleep for night prayer; to engage in night worship by relinquishing sleep.
In the Quranic construction فَتَهَجَّدْ بِهِ, the Qur'an is understood as the means or occasion of awakening. The use denotes rousing oneself for night prayer, rather than merely remaining awake.
- Lane · entry 10209
- Mufradāt · row 1510
Selected Quran examples
Quran 17:79word 3
“arise from sleep for prayer”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 17:79فَتَهَجَّدْarise from sleep for prayer
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 9 Classical meanings
هَجَدَ
To sleep.
Used especially of sleeping at night; one account specifies the latter part of the night.
- Lane · entry 10209
هَجَدَ
To remain awake or wakeful at night; to awaken from sleep for a purpose, including prayer.
This is recorded as a contrary usage to sleeping. Night prayer and relinquishing sleep are associated with this wakeful branch.
- Lane · entry 10209
هَجَّدَ
To make or cause someone to sleep.
Transitive causative use of Form II.
- Lane · entry 10210
هَجَّدَ
To awaken someone from sleep.
A contrary transitive use of Form II.
- Lane · entry 10210
أَهْجَدَ
To find someone asleep.
Transitive Form IV use; the lexical meaning is not restricted to a particular gender or social class.
- Lane · entry 10211
أَهْجَدَ
Of a camel, to lay the front part of its neck on the ground.
A specific animal posture described with the camel as subject.
- Lane · entry 10211
هَاجِدٌ
A sleeper; one who is sleeping.
An active-participle noun associated with the sleeping sense of هَجَدَ.
- Lane · entry 10215
هَاجِدٌ
One who prays at night.
An active-participle use distinct from the sleeping sense.
- Lane · entry 10215
هَجِدْ / هِجْدْ
A cry used to chide a horse.
The source records variant vocalizations of the cry.
- Lane · entry 10213
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
Classical usage records opposed sleep and wakefulness senses for هَجَدَ and related forms, so derivational form and context are significant.
The Quranic occurrence is an imperative surface form; the public headword is normalized to the Form V perfect citation form.