Quranic root
لجج
l · j · j
A root of reciprocal movement, repetition, and continued recurrence: something turns back upon itself or persists without release.
The root develops from repeated movement or fluctuation to persistence and obstinacy, the tumultuous motion of sea and waves, confused speech or sounds, and figurative depth, darkness, and intensity.
- Maqāyīs · row 4110
- 3
- Quran-attested forms
- 3
- Quran senses
- 4
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
لَجَّ
lajja
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form I
- Form
- I
- Quran occurrences
- 2 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To persist obstinately in an action or course, refusing to desist; to continue in defiant wrongdoing.
In the Quranic occurrences, the persistence is in a course of error or defiance, expressed with فِي and an associated affair or condition.
- Lane · entry 9388
- Mufradāt · row 1291
Selected Quran examples
Quran 23:75word 8
“surely they would persist”
Quran 67:21word 9
“they persist”
لُجَّة
lujjah
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A body or expanse of water; especially the deep or fathomless part of the sea.
The Quranic occurrence uses the noun for a body of water or pool; the wider lexical range includes the deep sea and a great expanse whose limits are not seen.
- Lane · entry 9398
- Mufradāt · row 1291
Selected Quran examples
Quran 27:44word 8
“(was) a pool”
لُجِّيّ
lujjiyy
- Part of speech
- Adjective
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Of a deep, vast, or fathomless sea; deep-sea.
A nisbah adjective associated with لُجَّة البحر, used in the Quranic expression for a deep sea.
- Lane · entry 9400
- Mufradāt · row 1291
Selected Quran examples
Quran 24:40word 5
“deep”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 23:75لَّلَجُّوا۟surely they would persist
- 24:40لُّجِّىٍّۢdeep
- 27:44لُجَّةًۭ(was) a pool
- 67:21لَّجُّوا۟they persist
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 33 Classical meanings
لَجَّ
To apply oneself constantly, perseveringly, or assiduously to an affair.
A general Form I use for sustained application to a matter, without the Quranic implication of defiant wrongdoing.
- Lane · entry 20550
لَجَّ
To persist in contention, litigation, wrangling, or opposition; to contend or quarrel.
Used of persistence in an adversarial affair or verbal dispute.
- Lane · entry 9388
لَجَّجَ
To enter or embark upon the deep sea.
Used especially of a ship or of embarking upon the لُجَّة, the main or fathomless sea.
- Lane · entry 9389
لَاجَّجَ
To wrangle, quarrel, or contend with another.
A reciprocal or relational use, including tongues persisting in disputes.
- Lane · entry 9390
أَلَجَّ
To cause someone to continue or persevere in a thing.
This is reported as an interpretation of the Quranic expression يُمَدُّهُمْ; the reported attribution is accompanied by doubt about the Arabic usage.
- Lane · entry 9391
أَلَجَّ
To cry out or utter confused cries.
Used of people, camels, sheep, or goats producing a cry or confused clamour.
- Lane · entry 9391
تَلَجَّجَ
To fluctuate in the bosom, or to come and go repeatedly.
Used of a thing that repeatedly moves or recurs within someone’s breast or inner state.
- Lane · entry 9392
تَلَاجَّجَ
To wrangle, quarrel, or contend with one another.
A reciprocal construction expressing mutual dispute.
- Lane · entry 9393
اِلْتَجَّ
To become tumultuous and confused, with waves dashing together; of the sea, to become vast and turbulent.
Used of the sea or its waves when their movement becomes great, confused, and agitated.
- Lane · entry 9394
اِلْتَجَّ
For voices or sounds to become confused, or to rise high and become confused.
Used of a mixture or tumult of sounds.
- Lane · entry 9394
اِلْتَجَّ
For darkness to become intricate, dense, and confused.
A figurative use applied to darkness.
- Lane · entry 9394
اِلْتَجَّ
For an affair to become great and confused.
A marked figurative extension from tumultuous or confused movement.
- Lane · entry 9394
اِلْتَجَّ
For a wide desert to become a sea-like scene of mirage.
A figurative poetic construction comparing the desert’s apparent expanse to a fathomless sea.
- Lane · entry 9394
اِلْتَجَّ
To be intensely black, of an eye.
A figurative use based on the dark depth of the sea.
- Lane · entry 9394
لَجْلَجَ
To speak indistinctly, with a heavy or defective tongue; to hesitate, reiterate, stammer, or stutter in speech.
Describes speech in which its parts are not uttered plainly and consecutively.
- Lane · entry 9395
لَجْلَجَ
To move a morsel of food repeatedly backward and forward in the mouth while chewing it.
Used of handling a morsel that is not readily swallowed.
- Lane · entry 9395
لُجّ
The side or shore of a valley or sea; a rugged part of a mountain.
A nominal geographical use distinct from the deep-sea sense of لُجَّة.
- Lane · entry 9396
لُجّ
A sword, by metaphorical association with the terror or force of the sea.
A rare, dialectally attributed or figurative use.
- Lane · entry 9396
لَجَّة
Voices, cries, clamour, or a confused mixture of sounds.
Used of the clamour of people and sometimes of camels.
- Lane · entry 9397
لُجَّة
Figuratively, a vast or fathomless expanse, including a person likened to a sea in breadth or a great expanse of mirage.
A metaphorical extension of the sea sense to breadth and apparently boundless expanses.
- Lane · entry 9398
لُجَّة
Figuratively, intense depth or blackness, especially of darkness, night, or an eye; also a deeply black animal.
A metaphorical use based on the dark depth of deep water.
- Lane · entry 9398
لُجَّة
A numerous assembly, company, troop, or congregated body.
A figurative collective use derived from the image of a great sea.
- Lane · entry 9398
لُجَّة
The main or principal part of an affair.
A figurative expression for the central or substantial portion of a matter.
- Lane · entry 9398
لُجَّة
A mirror.
A rare tropical use recorded as a separate nominal extension.
- Lane · entry 9396
لُجَّة
Silver.
A rare tropical nominal use.
- Lane · entry 9396
لَجُوج
One who persists greatly or obstinately, refuses to turn back, or is very contentious or litigious.
An intensive epithet applicable to a human being or a horse; the feminine form is لَجُوجَة.
- Lane · entry 9403
لَجَاجَة
Restless fluttering of the heart that does not settle, especially from hunger.
A specialized nominal use developed from the notion of unrest and repeated movement.
- Mufradāt · row 1291
- Maqāyīs · row 4110
لَجْلَج
Confused or indirect in expression, causing hesitation rather than clear utterance.
In the proverbial contrast between manifest truth and falsity that is confused in speech and action.
- Lane · entry 9405
لَجْلَجَة
A mixture or confusion of voices or sounds.
A nominal description of indistinct or intermingled sound.
- Lane · entry 9406
لَجْلَاج
One who speaks indistinctly, hesitates, reiterates, stammers, or stutters.
Describes a natural heaviness or defect of speech, including a tongue that moves unclearly in the mouth.
- Lane · entry 9407
مُلْتَجَّة
Intensely black, of an eye.
A tropical adjectival use.
- Lane · entry 9409
مُلْتَجَّة
Intensely green or densely covered, of land or its herbage; compact, tall, and abundant in growth.
Used of land whose vegetation is dense, whether or not it is tangled.
- Lane · entry 9409
يَلَنْجُوج
Aloeswood or another aromatic wood used for fumigation.
A foreign or quasi-quinqueliteral plant name with several recorded variants; its association with this root is lexical rather than a regular root derivation.
- Lane · entry 9410
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Form IV causative-persistence usage is explicitly reported with source-level doubt about whether the form was heard from Arabic speakers; it is therefore kept as a qualified Classical meaning rather than assigned to a supplied Quranic Form IV group.