Quranic root
بدر
b · d · r
The root expresses two principal orientations: fullness or completion, and hastening toward or ahead of something.
The fullness branch appears in the full moon, completed quantities, bodily fullness, and things reaching an early or foremost state. The haste branch develops into striving to precede, acting before a due point, and words, actions, tears, or events issuing suddenly.
- Maqāyīs · row 713
- Mufradāt · row 102
- 1
- Quran-attested forms
- 1
- Quran senses
- 1
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
بِدَارٌ
bidārun
- Part of speech
- Verbal noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Hastening to consume or spend something before a due point; in the Quranic construction, hastily using the property of wards before they reach maturity.
Occurs in بِدَارًا أَنْ يَكْبَرُوا, describing premature expenditure of orphan property by a guardian. The sense emphasizes acting ahead of the wards’ attaining maturity.
- Lane · entry 35779
- Mufradāt · row 102
Selected Quran examples
Quran 4:6word 17
“and hastily”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 4:6وَبِدَارًاand hastily
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 39 Classical meanings
بَدَرَ
To become full, as the moon; also to rise like the full moon. Of a boy, to become full-grown and rounded.
Classical verb; the boy comparison is figurative, based on the fullness and roundness of the full moon.
- Lane · entry 35778
بَدَرَ
Of fruit, to attain maturity.
A tropical or figurative extension recorded for fruit reaching its mature state.
- Lane · entry 35778
بَدَرَتِ الإِبِلُ
Of a she-camel, to give birth earlier in the year than other camels.
A specialized pastoral usage concerning an unusually early birth.
- Lane · entry 35778
أَبْدُرُ
To go out to urinate.
A tropical or euphemistic usage in the first-person expression خَرَجْتُ أَبْدُرُ.
- Lane · entry 35778
بَادَرَ
To hasten to do, attain, or obtain something; to strive to be first or beforehand, including vying with another in hastening toward it.
Immediate transitivity may express hastening toward the object; constructions with إِلَى or بِ need not by themselves imply mutual rivalry.
- Lane · entry 35779
بَادَرَ
Of an affair or event, to come upon someone quickly, suddenly, or before expected.
A construction in which the event is the subject and its occurrence is characterized by speed or unexpected precedence.
- Lane · entry 35779
بَادَرَ
Of a saying or action, to proceed suddenly and hastily from someone without premeditation.
Especially associated with an utterance or action issuing under sudden impulse.
- Lane · entry 35779
أَبْدَرَ
To have the full moon rise to or upon someone; by extension, to journey during a night of full moon.
The first use is a Form IV causative or inchoative expression associated with moonrise.
- Lane · entry 35780
أَبْدَرَ
Of an unripe date, to become red.
A specialized usage for the color change of an unripe date.
- Lane · entry 35780
تَبَادَرَ
To hasten together; to vie with one another in haste or in being first.
A reciprocal Form VI construction, often followed by a goal or the thing to be undertaken.
- Lane · entry 35781
تَبَادَرَ
To appear immediately or at first sight.
Occurs in the expression هٰذَا مَا يَتَبَادَرُ مِنْهُ, referring to what is understood at the first impression.
- Lane · entry 35781
اِبْتَدَرَ
Of the eyes, to flow with tears.
A specialized bodily expression attested in the dual form اِبْتَدَرَتْ عَيْنَايَ.
- Lane · entry 35782
بَيْدَرَ
To heap up wheat.
A specialized agricultural verb.
- Lane · entry 35783
بَدْرٌ
The full moon, especially the moon on its fourteenth night.
The noun also denotes the full-moon night in لَيْلَةُ البَدْرِ.
- Lane · entry 35784
بَدْرٌ
A lord, master, or chief of a people.
A figurative designation likening a prominent person to the full moon.
- Lane · entry 35784
بَدْرٌ
Of a boy, full of youthful vigor and flesh; full or plump, and in some usage precocious.
An epithet applied to a boy; it is distinct from the verbal use بَدَرَ ‘to become full-grown.’
- Lane · entry 35784
بَدْرٌ
A cover or a round dish or plate.
A figurative use based on roundness and resemblance to the full moon.
- Lane · entry 35784
بَدْرٌ
Badr, a named place between Mecca and Medina, also described as a known water-place.
A proper name, not the ordinary noun ‘full moon’; the name is explained as belonging to a man called Badr.
- Mufradāt · row 102
- Maqāyīs · row 713
بَدْرَةٌ
Of an eye, quick- or sharp-sighted, seeing before others.
Applied especially to an eye that perceives before the eyes of others, including a horse’s eye.
- Lane · entry 35785
بَدْرَةٌ
Of an eye, round, large, or full like the full moon.
An alternative descriptive branch for the eye epithet.
- Lane · entry 35785
بَدْرَةٌ
The skin of a weaned lamb or kid, used as a milk container.
The term distinguishes the container from skins used before weaning or for clarified butter.
- Lane · entry 35785
بَدْرَةٌ
A large sum of money, especially ten thousand dirhams, or a purse containing a specified large number of dirhams or dinars.
Usage varies among authorities as to the exact amount. In بَدْرَةٌ مُبَدَّرَةٌ, the second word reinforces the sense of an aggregated or completed sum.
- Lane · entry 35785
- Lane · entry 35792
البَدَرَى
Vying with one another to outrun or outstrip each other in haste.
Occurs in the expression اِسْتَبَقْنَا البَدَرَى.
- Lane · entry 35786
بَدْرِيٌّ
Rain that comes before, shortly before, or in the first part of winter.
A seasonal adjective describing early winter rain.
- Lane · entry 35787
بَدْرِيَّةٌ
A she-camel whose mother gave birth earlier in the year than other camels, making her especially abundant and good in milk.
A specialized pastoral adjective derived from the notion of coming early.
- Lane · entry 35787
بَدْرِيٌّ
A fat young camel recently weaned from its mother.
A specialized pastoral noun or adjective.
- Lane · entry 35787
بَدَارِيٌّ
A lamb born shortly before winter.
A seasonal pastoral term for an early-born lamb.
- Lane · entry 35788
بَيْدَرٌ
A place where wheat or grain is trodden out.
A regional agricultural term, especially associated with the dialect of Iraq.
- Lane · entry 35790
بَيْدَرٌ
The wheat, straw, or reaped grain collected together at the threshing place.
A metonymic extension from the place to the grain assembled there.
- Lane · entry 35790
بَيْدَرٌ
A place for drying dates.
A less common agricultural usage attributed to a lexical authority.
- Lane · entry 35790
بَادِرَةٌ
Hastiness of temper; a sudden angry impulse, hasty utterance or action, slip, error, or sudden mischief issuing from anger.
The plural بَوَادِرُ is common for angry slips or rash words and actions; بَادِرَةُ الشَّرِّ denotes evil or harm that suddenly befalls someone.
- Lane · entry 35791
بَادِرَةٌ
Intuitive knowledge, an immediate notion, or the faculty of judging or improvising rightly at the first occurrence of something unexpected.
A positive intellectual sense, distinct from the angry impulse sense.
- Lane · entry 35791
بَادِرَةٌ
The point of a sword.
A concrete sense of a projecting extremity.
- Lane · entry 35791
بَادِرَةٌ
The extremity of an arrow next to its head.
A specialized term for the part adjoining the arrowhead.
- Lane · entry 35791
بَادِرَةٌ
The head or first emerging part of a plant, including the first part of the henna plant to appear as the earth opens.
A botanical sense referring to the earliest visible growth.
- Lane · entry 35791
بَادِرَةٌ
The leaves of the herb حُوَّاءَة.
A specialized botanical designation.
- Lane · entry 35791
بَادِرَةٌ
The best and freshest growth of the plant وَرْس.
A specialized botanical usage for the most vigorous new growth.
- Lane · entry 35791
بَادِرَةٌ
The fleshy portion between the shoulder joint and the neck; in the dual or plural, the corresponding fleshy portions or sides of an animal’s breast.
An anatomical noun with slightly different specifications for humans and camels.
- Lane · entry 35791
بَوَادِرُ الخَيْلِ
The foreparts or first portions of horses as they appear or suddenly come into view.
A plural expression referring to the foremost or initially visible parts of the horses.
- Lane · entry 35791
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The sole Quranic form in this packet is the verbal noun بِدَارٌ in 4:6; it should not be confused with بَدْرٌ ‘full moon’ or with Badr, the place name.