Quranic root
مخض
m · kh · ḍ
A basic sense of agitating a liquid within its container, with related meanings developing through movement, churning, and extraction.
The root’s concrete image is milk being agitated in a vessel to separate its butter. By comparison, movement within the womb gives rise to terms for labor and pregnancy, while the same image extends metaphorically to vigorous shaking, mental deliberation, changing circumstances, and emerging results.
- Maqāyīs · row 4314
- Lane · entry 12326
- 1
- Quran-attested forms
- 1
- Quran senses
- 1
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
مَخَاض
makhāḍ
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
The pains of childbirth; labor pains preceding delivery.
The Quranic occurrence denotes the onset of labor in the account of Mary. The noun is also used in Classical Arabic for labor pains in female humans and animals, but the Quranic sense here is the pain of impending childbirth.
- Lane · entry 12326
- Lane · entry 12333
Selected Quran examples
Quran 19:23word 2
“the pains of childbirth”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 19:23ٱلْمَخَاضُthe pains of childbirth
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 25 Classical meanings
مَخَضَ
To churn or agitate milk, extracting its butter.
Used with milk and a churn or other vessel; the action may include adding water and separating the butter.
- Lane · entry 12326
مَخَضَ
To shake or agitate a thing vehemently.
A broader use of the physical agitation expressed by churning; it can describe the rapid or forceful shaking of an object or bier.
- Lane · entry 12326
مَخَضَ
To dash a bucket in well-water, or draw and agitate a large amount of water with it.
Used with a bucket and water or a well; the construction may emphasize either repeated drawing or agitation in the water.
- Lane · entry 12326
مَخَضَ
To turn an idea or opinion over in the mind and consider its consequences until the right course becomes clear.
A figurative use applied to deliberation and mental examination.
- Lane · entry 12326
مَخَضَ
To cause years or circumstances to revolve until their outcome or result emerges.
A figurative construction describing events as producing an eventual issue or result.
- Lane · entry 12326
مَخَضَ
Of a camel, to bray in its faucial sac.
A specialized figurative use based on the image of agitation within the camel’s throat pouch.
- Lane · entry 12326
مَخِضَ
Of a child or young one, to move or become agitated in the womb before birth.
Used of a woman’s child or a she-camel’s young at the time approaching delivery.
- Lane · entry 12326
مَخِضَ
Of a ewe or she-goat, to conceive or become pregnant.
A specialized use applied to these animals.
- Lane · entry 12326
مَخِضَ
Of a cloud or the sky, to prepare or become ready to rain.
A figurative weather expression derived from the imagery of impending birth or internal movement.
- Lane · entry 12326
مَخِضَ
Of a night, to have an evil morning in store.
An idiomatic figurative use describing a night whose outcome is expected to be bad.
- Lane · entry 12326
مَخِضَ
Of time or fortune, to bring trial, civil strife, sedition, or a similar disturbance.
A figurative construction portraying time or circumstances as bringing forth an adverse event.
- Lane · entry 12326
أَمْخَضَ
Of milk, to reach the proper stage for churning and for its butter to be extracted.
An intransitive Form IV use describing milk that has become ready to be churned.
- Lane · entry 12328
أَمْخَضَ
Of a man, to have his she-camels taken with the pains of parturition.
A Form IV use applied to a person in relation to his camels and their impending delivery.
- Lane · entry 12328
تَمَخَّضَ
Of milk, to become agitated in the churn and have its butter taken.
An intransitive Form V use describing the milk’s agitation and the resulting extraction of butter.
- Lane · entry 12329
تَمَخَّضَ
Of a child or young one, to move about in its mother’s womb.
A figurative Form V use associated with movement before birth.
- Lane · entry 12329
اِسْتَمْخَضَ
Of milk, to be slow in becoming thick and fit for churning, with its butter difficult to bring forth.
The milk is described as retaining its butter within it; the same form is also used of milk slow to acquire flavor after being collected in a skin.
- Lane · entry 12331
مَخَاض
Pregnant she-camels, especially a group in the period associated with impending delivery.
A collective or plural designation; it has no regular singular in this use, and an individual is ordinarily called خَلِفَةٌ.
- Lane · entry 12333
ابْنُ مَخَاضٍ / بِنْتُ مَخَاضٍ
A young camel whose mother has joined the pregnant camels; ابن مخاض denotes the male and بنت مخاض the female.
Typically a camel that has completed one year and entered its second; the precise association may be with the mother’s pregnancy or with the pregnancy of the herd. The plural for both is بَنَاتُ مَخَاضٍ.
- Lane · entry 12333
مَخِيض
Churned milk from which the butter has been taken or extracted.
The milk may be churned with water and agitation until the butter is removed.
- Lane · entry 12336
مَاخِض
A female human or animal taken with the pains of parturition and near to giving birth; of a ewe or she-goat, also one that has conceived.
Applied to a woman, she-camel, ewe, she-goat, or other pregnant animal. The conception sense is specifically reported for a ewe or she-goat.
- Lane · entry 12337
مَاخِض
In the imprecation صَبَّ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ أُمَّ حُبَيْنٍ مَاخِضًا, a conventional expression for the night.
Restricted to the cited idiomatic imprecation; it is not a general meaning of the participle.
- Lane · entry 12337
إِمْخَاض
Fresh milk, or churned milk while it remains in the churn.
Some usage also applies it to milk collected at pasture until it reaches the quantity of a camel-load; a distinction is reported between milk of sheep, goats, or cows and camel milk.
- Lane · entry 12338
مِمْخَض
A skin, vessel, or receptacle in which milk is churned and its butter extracted; a churn.
The vessel may contain churned milk or serve generally as the implement for agitating milk.
- Lane · entry 12339
مِمْخَاض
A she-camel having a quick flow of milk.
A specialized animal epithet.
- Lane · entry 12341
مُسْتَمْخِض
Milk that is slow to become thick and fit for churning, or that hardly becomes so.
When it does become suitable, it is churned; this is described as especially good milk because its butter is retained within it.
- Lane · entry 12343
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Quranic form مَخَاض denotes labor pains in this packet; the separately attested collective sense of مَخَاض for pregnant she-camels is Classical Arabic usage, not the Quranic sense.
Classical Arabic also records the vocalic variant مِخَاض for the labor-pain noun, but it is not a separate QAC form group here.