Quranic root
نقب
n · q · b
The root centers on opening or penetrating something, whether by making a hole, passing through a route, or investigating what lies within.
From physical perforation, the semantic range extends to passages through mountains, traversing lands, and penetrating or investigating hidden affairs. Related lexical developments include the representative who knows a people's affairs and the virtue that becomes publicly distinguished; some branches, such as the face-veil and sudden meeting, are treated as divergent usages.
- Maqāyīs · row 4720
- Mufradāt · row 1474
- 3
- Quran-attested forms
- 3
- Quran senses
- 3
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
نَقَّبَ
naqqaba
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form II
- Form
- II
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To traverse or explore lands extensively.
In the Quranic construction, the verb describes former peoples moving through and searching the lands, including in pursuit of a place of refuge; the travel sense derives from passage through routes or openings.
- Lane · entry 44281
- Mufradāt · row 1474
Selected Quran examples
Quran 50:36word 10
“so they explored”
نَقِيبٌ
naqībun
- Part of speech
- Noun · representative or leader
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
An appointed representative, overseer, or leader responsible for a people and knowledgeable about their affairs.
The Quranic usage denotes a person appointed over a group, with responsibility for them and cognizance of their affairs; it is more specific than an unrestricted synonym of leader.
- Lane · entry 44294
- Mufradāt · row 1474
Selected Quran examples
Quran 5:12word 11
“leaders”
نَقْبٌ
naqbun
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A hole, breach, or opening through something.
In the Quranic construction, the noun denotes penetrating or making a passage through a barrier; the wording is physical rather than the figurative investigation sense found elsewhere in the root.
- Lane · entry 44287
- Mufradāt · row 1474
Selected Quran examples
Quran 18:97word 8
“(to do) any penetration”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
View all 3 occurrencesBroader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 41 Classical meanings
نَقَبَ
To perforate, pierce, bore, or make a hole through or into something.
Includes making a hole in a wall, perforating an animal's navel to release fluid, performing the specialized operation of couching the eye, and piercing an animal's hoof to remove what has entered it.
- Lane · entry 44281
نَقَبَ
For a misfortune, evil accident, or calamity to befall and afflict someone.
Used in the construction نَقَبَتْهُ نَكْبَةٌ.
- Lane · entry 44281
نَقِبَ / نَقَبَ
Of a camel's feet or a person's feet, to become worn thin, perforated, or blistered through walking.
The usage may describe the animal, its hoof covering, or the feet themselves.
- Lane · entry 44281
نَقَبَ / نَقِبَ
To patch or repair a boot; also, for a boot to become thin, lacerated, or worn through in holes.
The transitive and intransitive boot usages are conventional applications of the perforation-and-wearing branch.
- Lane · entry 44281
نَقَبَ
Of a horse, to run with the feet brought together, in a leaping rather than spreading gait.
A specialized description of running form.
- Lane · entry 44281
نَقَبَ عَنْ
To scrutinize, investigate, search into, or inquire deeply into news or another matter.
The construction takes the matter investigated; it can extend to searching into what is hidden, including what is in people's hearts.
- Lane · entry 44281
نَقَبَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ
To act as the representative or overseer of one's people, or to become such a representative.
The lexical distinction between already holding the office and becoming a naqib is grammatical and aspectual, not a separate public meaning.
- Lane · entry 44281
نَاقَبَ
To meet someone face to face or encounter someone unexpectedly; to come upon water without seeking it.
The accompanying expression may describe an unplanned or unintended encounter and may function as an adverbial description of state.
- Lane · entry 44283
أَنْقَبَ
Of a camel's feet, to become worn thin or perforated by walking.
This is the Form IV intransitive counterpart of the worn-feet usage.
- Lane · entry 44284
أَنْقَبَ
To become a doorkeeper or chamberlain, or to become a representative or overseer.
A conventional Form IV office-related usage.
- Lane · entry 44284
اِنْتَقَبَ
To veil the face with a niqab.
The definition concerns the act of putting on or wearing the face-veil and is not restricted to the illustrative subject in the source.
- Lane · entry 44286
نَقْبٌ
An ulcer arising in the side and penetrating inward into the body.
A specialized pathological usage; related terms may describe ulcers that emerge at the side and penetrate inward.
- Lane · entry 44287
نَقْبٌ
A road or narrow passage in a mountain, especially a way between two mountains.
The word may denote a pass or route through rugged elevated terrain.
- Lane · entry 44287
نُقْبٌ
Scab, especially the first patch of scab that appears and then spreads over the body.
The lexical image is connected with the scab's perforating the skin; the word can function as a collective designation.
- Lane · entry 44288
نُقْبٌ
In an idiom, to apply the remedy exactly where it is needed; hence, to be clever or skillful in doing or saying what is right.
This is a figurative expression based on putting tar on the places of scabs.
- Lane · entry 44288
نَقِبٌ
Describing a camel whose feet are worn through or thin from walking, or one afflicted with scab.
The two adjectival applications belong to the worn-through and scab branches respectively.
- Lane · entry 44289
نُقْبَةٌ
A mark, trace, or vestige; also a trace of rust on a sword, arrowhead, or spearhead.
The rust usage is a figurative specialization likening the marks to the first appearances of scab.
- Lane · entry 44291
نُقْبَةٌ
The face or the parts surrounding the face.
A nominal anatomical usage.
- Lane · entry 44291
نُقْبَةٌ
A garment like a loincloth or drawers, made with a waistband and without the upper turned-down section of ordinary trousers.
The term covers the described garment forms, including a legless pair of drawers.
- Lane · entry 44291
نُقْبَةٌ
The state, condition, quality, mode, external form, feature, or appearance of something.
Equivalent to a general expression for manner or appearance and used of things such as apparel or outward form.
- Lane · entry 44291
نُقْبَةٌ
Colour or complexion.
Used, for example, of an animal having a beautiful colour.
- Lane · entry 44291
نِقْبَةٌ
A mode or manner of veiling the face with a niqab.
This denotes the style or manner of veiling rather than the veil as an object.
- Lane · entry 44292
نِقَابٌ
A woman's face-veil that covers the soft part of the nose and reaches toward the eye, traditionally leaving the eye or its circuit visible according to the style.
The sources distinguish several degrees and styles of face covering; the definition is not reduced to one particular arrangement of the eyes or nose.
- Lane · entry 44293
نِقَابٌ
A road or pass through rugged ground.
The word can function as either a singular or plural in this geographic sense.
- Lane · entry 44293
نِقَابٌ
A person of great knowledge who investigates matters deeply; an intelligent and penetrating man.
A figurative epithet for someone knowledgeable about affairs and accustomed to examining them closely.
- Lane · entry 44293
نِقَابٌ
The belly or womb, especially in the proverb about two young birds being in one belly.
A rare idiomatic usage applied to things that resemble one another because they were in one belly.
- Lane · entry 44293
نَقِيبٌ
A thing that has been perforated, pierced, or bored through or into.
This is an adjectival or passive-participial application and is distinct from the office-holder noun used in the Quran.
- Lane · entry 44294
نَقِيبٌ
A musical reed or pipe.
A specialized noun for an instrument.
- Lane · entry 44294
نَقِيبٌ
The tongue or pointer of a balance or pair of scales.
A specialized instrumental or anatomical-like noun for the balancing pointer.
- Lane · entry 44294
نَقِيبٌ
A dog whose upper windpipe or throat has been perforated so that its cry is weakened.
A specialized description of a dog subjected to this operation.
- Lane · entry 44294
نِقَابَةٌ
The office or position of a naqib, representative, or overseer.
A noun denoting the office rather than the person who holds it.
- Lane · entry 44295
نَقِيبَةٌ
Mind, disposition, counsel, or penetrating judgment; hence, a fortunate or sagacious inner quality and conduct.
The expression مَيْمُونُ النَّقِيبَةِ describes someone fortunate in affairs, counsel, actions, or attainment; the related usages include acuteness and natural disposition.
- Lane · entry 44296
نَقِيبَةٌ
Colour, complexion, or a natural quality of appearance.
This colour usage is reported alongside the broader disposition sense and is kept distinct from it.
- Lane · entry 44296
نَقِيبَةٌ
A she-camel with a large or exceptionally full udder.
The report is lexically disputed in the source, which also records a proposed correction to a different root; it is retained as an attributed Classical usage.
- Lane · entry 44296
نَاقِبٌ / نَاقِبَةٌ
A disease caused by prolonged sluggishness or indolence; also an ulcer arising in the side.
The two descriptions are reported as alternative explanations of the specialized term.
- Lane · entry 44298
أَنْقَابٌ
The ears.
A rare plural form reported without an agreed singular, though one source connects it with نُقْبٌ.
- Lane · entry 44299
مَنْقَبٌ
The navel, or the place before it where a perforation is made to release yellow fluid.
Used especially of a beast of carriage in the veterinary procedure described by the sources.
- Lane · entry 44300
مِنْقَبٌ
An iron instrument used by a farrier to perforate an animal's navel.
An instrument noun associated with the veterinary operation.
- Lane · entry 44301
مَنْقَبَةٌ
A narrow way between two houses, a wall-like passage, or a road over elevated ground.
The sources explain the word in several closely related geographic and built-environment applications, including a way conceived as perforating from one side to another.
- Lane · entry 44302
مَنْقَبَةٌ
A virtue, excellence, generous action, or memorable quality deserving honour.
The word may denote either the distinguished deed itself or the good inner quality associated with it; its plural is مَنَاقِبُ.
- Lane · entry 44302
نَقَبَ
To make a piece of cloth into a نُقْبَة garment.
A specific transitive usage describing the manufacture of the garment called نُقْبَةٌ.
- Lane · entry 44281
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The travel sense of نَقَّبَ is tied to the independently supplied Quran location 50:36; the historical Lane citation convention is not converted into a modern verse locator.