Quranic root
نفد
n · f · d
The root centers on the interruption, depletion, and eventual ending of something.
From the basic idea of something coming to an end, the lexical development extends to causing something to be exhausted, extracting or taking something fully, and exhausting an opponent's argument in dispute.
- Maqāyīs · row 4705
- Lane · entry 44148
- Lane · entry 44149
- Lane · entry 44150
- Lane · entry 44152
- 2
- Quran-attested forms
- 2
- Quran senses
- 5
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
نَفِدَ
nafida
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form I
- Form
- I
- Quran occurrences
- 4 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To be exhausted, spent, consumed, or brought to an end.
The subject is what reaches depletion or its limit. Quranic usage applies the verb to what people possess, to the sea, and to the words of God in statements contrasting finite exhaustion with divine inexhaustibility.
- Lane · entry 44148
- Mufradāt · row 1466
Selected Quran examples
Quran 16:96word 3
“will be exhausted”
Quran 18:109word 8
“surely (would be) exhausted”
Quran 18:109word 12
“(were) exhausted”
Quran 31:27word 15
“would be exhausted”
نَفَاد
nafād
- Part of speech
- Verbal noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Exhaustion, depletion, or coming to an end.
A verbal noun naming the state or result of being exhausted. In Quranic usage it occurs in the expression that describes provision as having no depletion or end.
- Lane · entry 44148
- Mufradāt · row 1466
Selected Quran examples
Quran 38:54word 7
“depletion”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 16:96يَنفَدُ ۖwill be exhausted
- 18:109لَنَفِدَsurely (would be) exhausted
- 18:109تَنفَدَ(were) exhausted
- 31:27نَفِدَتْwould be exhausted
- 38:54نَّفَادٍdepletion
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 7 Classical meanings
أَنْفَدَ
To cause something to be spent, exhausted, consumed, or brought to an end; to expend it fully.
Used transitively for exhausting a thing and for spending one's ability to the utmost. Related intransitive expressions describe provisions or property reaching exhaustion and a well losing its water.
- Lane · entry 44149
نَافَدَ
To contend, dispute, or litigate with someone, pressing the exchange until the opponent's argument is exhausted and overcome.
Used of argumentative contention, including contention before a judge or through reciprocal allegations and claims.
- Lane · entry 44150
تَنَافَدَ
To contend, dispute, or litigate together.
A reciprocal or collective form describing parties engaged together in the disputative action.
- Lane · entry 44151
اِنْتَفَدَ
To exact, take, or receive something fully; to draw something forth completely or attain its utmost.
The evidence includes uses for reaching the utmost rate of running and for drawing forth milk, in addition to fully taking or receiving something.
- Lane · entry 44152
مُنَافِدٌ
A person who contends, disputes, or litigates so vigorously as to end and overcome an adversary's arguments.
A noun describing the person characterized by this form of argumentative contention.
- Lane · entry 44154
مُنْتَفَدٌ
A source of sufficiency or provision; something that renders one independent of another.
Also used for ample wealth or provision, and for a place of refuge or opportunity where one may flee and seek gain.
- Lane · entry 44155
مُنْتَفِدٌ
Apart or set aside.
Attested in the expression of sitting apart or setting something aside from others.
- Lane · entry 44156
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Quranic form groups in this packet attest only the Form I verb and the verbal noun; the derived disputative, causative, and extractive forms are Classical Arabic evidence rather than additional Quranic forms.
The Form IV Lane headword is transcribed in the packet as انقدهُ and is normalized here as أَنْفَدَ in accordance with the supplied root and Form IV identification.