Quranic root
شور
sh · w · r
The root has two established semantic orientations: displaying or making something manifest, and taking or extracting something.
From extracting honey came the figurative development of extracting another person's opinion through consultation; the displaying branch includes showing, indicating, appearance, and related forms.
- Maqāyīs · row 2721
- Mufradāt · row 797
- 4
- Quran-attested forms
- 4
- Quran senses
- 4
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
شَاوَرَ
shāwara
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form III
- Form
- III
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To consult someone or consult together, seeking or eliciting an opinion.
Used for reciprocal deliberation or for seeking counsel from another person; the Quranic occurrence is an imperative addressed to the Prophet concerning consultation with them.
- Lane · entry 39520
- Mufradāt · row 797
Selected Quran examples
Quran 3:159word 19
“and consult them”
أَشَارَ
ʾashāra
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form IV
- Form
- IV
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To point or signal to someone or something, conveying an intended message.
The sign may be made with the hand, head, eye, eyebrow, or another communicative gesture; the Quranic occurrence describes pointing toward the child.
- Lane · entry 39521
Selected Quran examples
Quran 19:29word 1
“Then she pointed”
شُورَىٰ
shūrāā
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Mutual consultation; an affair or decision determined through consultation.
The Quranic construction presents the community's affairs as subject to deliberation among its members, rather than being appropriated by one person alone.
- Mufradāt · row 797
- Lane · entry 39547
Selected Quran examples
Quran 42:38word 7
“(are conducted by) consultation”
تَشَاوُر
tashāwur
- Part of speech
- Verbal noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Mutual consultation: the reciprocal eliciting and exchange of opinions.
A verbal noun for people consulting together or debating in order to arrive at one another's views; the Quranic occurrence is in the context of a jointly considered parental decision.
- Lane · entry 39523
- Mufradāt · row 797
Selected Quran examples
Quran 2:233word 40
“and consultation”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 2:233وَتَشَاوُرٍۢand consultation
- 3:159وَشَاوِرْهُمْand consult them
- 19:29فَأَشَارَتْThen she pointed
- 42:38شُورَىٰ(are conducted by) consultation
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 46 Classical meanings
شَارَ
To gather or extract honey from its hive or from a hollow where it has been deposited.
The extraction may be from a natural hollow or from a hive.
- Lane · entry 39518
- Lane · entry 39527
شَارَ
To exhibit or display something; especially, to exhibit a beast for sale while testing its pace, manner of going, or power.
The beast may be made to run or be examined as part of the display; displaying one's own agility is also attested.
- Lane · entry 39518
شَارَ
To ornament or decorate something.
- Lane · entry 39518
شَارَ
To become goodly in appearance; of an animal, to become fat and goodly.
Attested of persons, horses, camels, and camels collectively.
- Lane · entry 39518
شَوَّرَ
To expose someone to shame, including by exposing the pudenda, and thereby leave him ashamed, confounded, or perplexed.
The causative construction describes shame or confusion resulting from an indecent act.
- Lane · entry 39519
شَوَّرَ
To turn over, separate, or loosen cotton with a carding implement.
- Lane · entry 39519
أَشْوَرَ
To help someone gather honey.
The construction is attested with honey as its object.
- Lane · entry 39521
أَشْوَرَ
To stir up a fire or make it burn more strongly.
The object may be the fire itself or an expression meaning to stir it up.
- Lane · entry 39521
أَشَارَ
To make something known, indicate it, or notify someone of it.
In grammatical usage, the verb can indicate a vowel or case-ending by a subtle pronunciation while pausing.
- Lane · entry 39521
أَشَارَ
To advise, counsel, guide, or direct someone toward a course of action.
The construction may convey advice, notification of the right course, an order, or an injunction.
- Lane · entry 39521
تَشَوَّرَ
To become ashamed and confounded or perplexed after an indecent act.
The attestation is reported with some lexicographical disagreement about its genuineness.
- Lane · entry 39522
تَشَايَرَ
To render someone conspicuous or notorious through people's looking at him.
This is a reported traditional usage of the form with yāʾ in place of the root wāw.
- Lane · entry 39523
اِشْتَارَ
Of a horse, to raise its tail while running.
- Lane · entry 39524
اِسْتَشَارَ
Of a stallion-camel, to smell and examine a she-camel to determine whether she has conceived.
The construction is specifically used for the stallion's examination of the she-camel.
- Lane · entry 39525
اِسْتَشَارَ
For a person's case or affair to become manifest.
- Lane · entry 39525
اِسْتَشَارَ
To put on or clothe oneself in goodly apparel.
- Lane · entry 39525
شُورَةٌ
Form, appearance, figure, features, mien, or external condition; by extension, beauty or goodliness.
The term can describe a person's outward appearance or the pleasing quality of that appearance.
- Lane · entry 39531
شُورَةٌ
Clothing, apparel, ornament, or finery.
The sense concerns outward adornment and may include beautiful or ornamental apparel.
- Lane · entry 39531
شُورَةٌ
Fatness or a well-fleshed condition.
- Lane · entry 39531
شُورَةٌ
A person's internal or intrinsic state or quality as revealed when tried.
This contrasts the inward character of a person with outward form or appearance.
- Lane · entry 39531
شَوْرَى
A marine plant or tree growing in sea inlets or amid seawater.
It is identified with a type of shore-growing tree, also called قُرْمٌ.
- Lane · entry 39532
شَوْرَان
Safflower or bastard saffron.
- Lane · entry 39534
شَوَارٌ
The goodly furniture and utensils of a house or tent, including the equipment of a camel's saddle.
The sense concerns household, tent, or saddle furnishings regarded as goodly.
- Lane · entry 39535
شَوَارٌ
The pudendum or pudenda of a man or woman; more specifically, a man's penis, testicles, and anus.
The word also occurs in the imprecation asking that someone's pudenda be made bare.
- Lane · entry 39535
شَوَارٌ
A soft or gentle wind.
This dialectal usage is attributed to Yemen.
- Lane · entry 39535
شِيَارٌ
Saturday, as a pre-Islamic Arab name for the day.
Plural forms are also reported.
- Lane · entry 39538
شَيِّرٌ
A consulter or counsellor, one qualified to be consulted.
It can also denote one's adviser or vizier.
- Lane · entry 39539
شَيِّرٌ
Goodly in outward appearance or apparel; beautiful or good.
The feminine form is attested for a woman in this outward sense.
- Lane · entry 39539
شَيِّرٌ
Goodly in intrinsic qualities when tried.
The sense concerns inward character rather than outward appearance.
- Lane · entry 39539
شَيِّرٌ
Fat, or fat and goodly.
Attested especially of horses and camels.
- Lane · entry 39539
شَيِّرٌ
Beautiful or excellent, especially of an ode.
- Lane · entry 39539
أَشْوَرُ
More distinguished in appearance; especially, the comeliest or most beautiful.
Attested in a comparative or superlative description of a bride.
- Lane · entry 39540
مَشَارٌ
A bee-hive or hollow habitation from which honey is gathered.
The word denotes the place from which honey is extracted; the related place-name مِشْوَارَةٌ is also attested.
- Lane · entry 39541
- Lane · entry 39551
مُشَارٌ
White honey that has been gathered or extracted.
Attested in a poetic expression whose grammatical analysis and reading are disputed.
- Lane · entry 39542
مَشُورٌ
An ornamented or decorated thing.
- Lane · entry 39543
مِشْوَرٌ
A wooden implement used for gathering honey.
Its plural is reported as مَشَاوِرُ.
- Lane · entry 39544
مَشَارَةٌ
A small irrigation stream or channel, or a bounded portion of land prepared for sowing or planting.
The term can include ground separated or enclosed by ridges or dams that retain water.
- Lane · entry 39545
المُشِيرَةُ
The forefinger or pointing finger.
- Lane · entry 39548
مُشَوَّرٌ
A garment or cloth dyed with safflower.
- Lane · entry 39549
مِشْوَارٌ
The string of a cotton-carder's implement, by which the cotton is turned over or loosened.
- Lane · entry 39550
مِشْوَارٌ
A place where beasts are exhibited for sale and made to run.
The word can be used figuratively of a setting for display in which one may stumble.
- Lane · entry 39550
مِشْوَارٌ
The pace or manner of going of a horse.
- Lane · entry 39550
مِشْوَارٌ
A beast's becoming fat and goodly in appearance.
The expression is attested of camels or another beast.
- Lane · entry 39550
مُشْتَارٌ
A gatherer of honey.
- Lane · entry 39552
مُسْتَشِيرٌ
Fat; or, in another reported sense, of generous breed or excellent quality.
The attested applications include a she-camel and descriptions of quality.
- Lane · entry 39553
مُسْتَشِيرٌ
A stallion-camel that recognizes a nonpregnant she-camel and distinguishes her from others.
- Lane · entry 39553
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Form V shame-related usage is reported by several authorities, but one lexicographical source questions whether it is genuine Arabic.
A poetic reading underlying the white-honey meaning of مُشَارٌ is disputed in the cited lexical discussion.
Two Lane units remain unassigned because one may contain a mistranscription and the other is explicitly described as an Arabicized word of uncertain root assignment.
Unassigned or ambiguous evidence
lane-unit:$wr:39550:g4:main: the reported sense 'the penis of a horse' is explicitly presented as possibly a mistranscription for شِوَارٌ, so it is not confidently assigned to مِشْوَارٌ.
lane-unit:$wr:39550:g5:main: the meaning 'a portion of fodder left by a beast' is attributed to a word that the source identifies as Arabicized and possibly originally Persian, so its assignment to the شور root is uncertain.