Quranic root
صرر
ṣ · r · r
The root centers on binding, fastening, or holding something together, with related extensions to firm resolve, contraction, gathered assemblage, cold that grips vegetation, and strident sound.
The principal lexical branch is tying or constraining, as with money in a purse or a band around an animal's udder. From holding firmly developed the meanings of firm determination and persistence; other branches describe contraction, elevated places, cold, and sound.
- Maqāyīs · row 2778
- Mufradāt · row 825
- 3
- Quran-attested forms
- 5
- Quran senses
- 6
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
أَصَرَّ
ʾaṣarra
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form IV
- Form
- IV
- Quran occurrences
- 4 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To persist obstinately in a course of action, especially in wrongdoing, refusing to desist.
Used with عَلَى for persistence in an act or sin, and also without an overt object where the context supplies the course of conduct. The Quranic uses concern persistence in sin, disbelief, or arrogant opposition.
- Lane · entry 25688
- Mufradāt · row 825
Selected Quran examples
Quran 3:135word 18
“they persist”
Quran 45:8word 7
“persists”
Quran 56:46word 2
“persisting”
Quran 71:7word 12
“and persisted”
صَرَّةٌ
ṣarrahun
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A loud cry, clamour, or vociferation.
In the Quranic expression concerning the woman who came forward in صَرَّةٍ, the noun is interpreted as a loud cry or clamour by some authorities.
- Lane · entry 25693
- Mufradāt · row 825
Selected Quran examples
Quran 51:29word 4
“a loud voice”
A gathered company or assemblage, with its members collected together.
In the same Quranic construction, the noun is also interpreted as a company gathered together rather than as a cry; the two interpretations are reported for the occurrence.
- Lane · entry 25693
- Mufradāt · row 825
Selected Quran examples
Quran 51:29word 4
“a loud voice”
صِرٌّ
ṣirrun
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Intense cold or frost that strikes and damages vegetation or a crop.
The Quranic occurrence describes a destructive cold affecting cultivated growth. Lane's historical Quran citation is preserved as lexical evidence, while the modern location here comes independently from QAC.
- Lane · entry 25692
Selected Quran examples
Quran 3:117word 11
“(is) frost”
Noise and commotion; alternatively, fire, as reported interpretations of the Quranic term.
These are reported alternative interpretations of the same Quranic occurrence, not additional QAC occurrences; they remain distinct from the primary interpretation of intense cold.
- Lane · entry 25692
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 3:117صِرٌّ(is) frost
- 3:135يُصِرُّوا۟they persist
- 45:8يُصِرُّpersists
- 51:29صَرَّةٍۢa loud voice
- 56:46يُصِرُّونَpersisting
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 58 Classical meanings
صَرَّ
To make a prolonged sound or noise; to creak, grate, or cry out.
Said of things such as a locust, writing-reed, door, tooth, mast, or bird; the reduplicated form may express a light or repeated cry.
- Lane · entry 25685
صَرَّ
Of the ear, to tingle, ring, or sound.
The expression صَرَّ صِمَاخُهُ is associated with thirst.
- Lane · entry 25685
صَرَّ
To thirst.
A lexical verb distinct from the ringing sensation that may accompany thirst.
- Lane · entry 25685
صَرٌّ
Binding, confinement, withholding, hindering, or preventing.
Includes the act of binding a captive and the broader notion of placing something under restraint.
- Lane · entry 25685
صَرَّ
To tie up a purse or money in a purse.
A concrete fastening use involving a container or bundle of money.
- Lane · entry 25685
صَرَّ
To bind a she-camel's udder or teats with a cord or band.
The binding prevents the young from suckling.
- Lane · entry 25685
صَرَّ
To leave off milking a she-camel.
A derived consequence of fastening or restricting the udder.
- Lane · entry 25685
صَرٌّ
A flaccid leather bucket tied so that its loop-shaped handles are held in place.
A specialized noun for the bucket and its tied construction.
- Lane · entry 25685
- Lane · entry 25691
صَرَّ
To close or block a road, town, or means of escape.
A figurative construction in which passage or release is made unavailable.
- Lane · entry 25685
صَرَّ
To contract, point, or raise the ears, especially in alertness or exertion.
Said of a horse or ass, with or without explicit mention of the ears.
- Lane · entry 25685
صَرَّ
To collect something together and gather what has become scattered.
May be used of objects, speech held in the mind, property, or animals brought back from dispersion.
- Lane · entry 25685
صَرَّ
Of a plant or herbage, to become struck by cold or intense cold.
A verbal use describing damage from cold, distinct from the noun صِرّ for the cold itself.
- Lane · entry 25685
صَرَّرَ
Of a she-camel, to precede or get ahead.
A Form II lexical usage reported for the animal subject.
- Lane · entry 25686
صَارَّ
To compel someone against his will to do something.
Used with a person as the object of compulsion concerning an action.
- Lane · entry 25687
أَصَرَّ
To determine, resolve, or decide firmly upon something.
The resolve includes continuing without turning back; this is a broader Classical use than the Quranic persistence-in-sin sense.
- Lane · entry 25688
أَصَرَّ
To hasten somewhat while running.
A reported and disputed lexical usage, with disagreement over whether the form has been transmitted correctly.
- Lane · entry 25688
أَصَرَّ
Of grain, to put forth the extremities of its awns before the ears fully develop.
A specialized agricultural usage.
- Lane · entry 25688
إِصْطَرَّ
Of a solid hoof, to become narrow or contracted.
The contraction is described as excessive or unseemly in some formulations.
- Lane · entry 25689
صِرٌّ
An intensely cold wind; in another usage, a vehemently loud wind.
A construction with رِيحٌ, combining the cold and loud-wind branches reported for this noun.
- Lane · entry 25692
صِرٌّ
A small yellow bird like a sparrow, named for its cry.
The term may also be applied to the sparrow itself in one report.
- Lane · entry 25692
صَرَّةٌ
Vehemence of grief, anxiety, war, heat, or the hot season.
A broader noun use related to intensity, distinct from the Quranic cry or assemblage interpretations.
- Lane · entry 25693
صَرَّةٌ
A contraction or stern, morose expression of the face.
Associated with dislike or hatred.
- Lane · entry 25693
صَرَّةٌ
A bead or charm said to fascinate a man and withhold him from other women.
A specialized traditional usage, also explained as a particular kind of عَطْفَة.
- Lane · entry 25693
صُرَّةٌ
A purse for money.
Distinct from صَرَّةٌ meaning a cry or assemblage.
- Lane · entry 25694
صَرَرٌ
An ear of corn in an early or undeveloped stage.
Descriptions include grain before the farina emerges and ears whose extremities have dried or toughened.
- Lane · entry 25696
صِرَارٌ
A cord, rag, or other device used to bind a she-camel's udder and prevent suckling.
The device is tied over the udder and teats, sometimes over a supporting piece; its plural is أَصِرَّةٌ.
- Lane · entry 25698
صِرَارٌ
An obstruction or obstacle placed in someone's way.
A figurative extension of the udder-binding device.
- Lane · entry 25698
صِرَارٌ
An elevated place over which water does not reach.
A topographical noun.
- Lane · entry 25698
صَرُورَةٌ
A person who has not performed the pilgrimage to Mecca.
Applied to men or women; related forms include صَرُور and صَرُورِيّ.
- Lane · entry 25701
صَرُورَةٌ
A person who has not married or has not had sexual intercourse with women.
Applied to a man, woman, or group; the feminine ending may intensify the epithet rather than mark feminine gender.
- Lane · entry 25701
صَرُورَةٌ
Abstinence from sexual intercourse or marriage, as interpreted in the expression لَا صَرُورَةَ فِي الإِسْلَامِ.
A reported interpretation of the legal and religious expression, alongside another interpretation referring to an unperformed pilgrimage or conduct in the sacred territory.
- Lane · entry 25701
صَرِيرَةٌ
Money tied up in a purse or bundle.
A nominal counterpart of the act of tying money.
- Lane · entry 25702
صَرَارِيٌّ
A sailor.
The form and its analysis are subject to lexicographical discussion, but the sailor meaning is directly attested.
- Lane · entry 25703
صِرَّى
A firm determination, resolution, or serious assertion rather than a jest.
Used especially in oath-like expressions such as هِيَ مِنِّي صِرَّى; variant forms are reported.
- Lane · entry 25707
صَرِّيٌّ
A dirham or dinar that rings when struck.
In some usage the word occurs chiefly in negative expressions and can mean money generally.
- Lane · entry 25709
الصَّرَّارُ
A cricket or other small flying creature that makes a creaking sound, especially at night.
The designation is linked to the insect's characteristic cry.
- Lane · entry 25712
صُرَّانٌ
A plant or growth found in hard ground, including certain trees of the عِلْكِ kind.
A botanical noun.
- Lane · entry 25713
صَرْصَرٌ
A subterranean insect that creaks during spring.
The term is also connected with other names for creaking insects.
- Lane · entry 25714
صَرْصَرٌ
A cock, named for its cry.
A zoological usage distinct from the insect sense.
- Lane · entry 25714
صَرْصَرَانِيٌّ
A camel intermediate between the Bactrian and Arabian types, or a camel of the فَوَالِج kind; also a certain smooth sea fish.
The camel and fish meanings are separate lexical applications of the same headword.
- Lane · entry 25717
صُرْصُورٌ
A large camel, especially a Bactrian camel or its offspring; in one report, an excellent stallion-camel.
A specialized camel noun with several closely related descriptions.
- Lane · entry 25718
صُرْصُورٌ
A ship or boat, especially a long or large one.
A separate nautical use of the headword.
- Lane · entry 25718
الصَّرَاصِرَةُ
The Nabataeans of Syria.
A collective ethnonym.
- Lane · entry 25719
صَارٌّ
A man whose brow is contracted between the eyes as in grief or mourning.
A descriptive participial adjective for a facial expression.
- Lane · entry 25720
صَارٌّ
Trees that are tangled, luxuriant, and dense, with shaded lower parts.
A descriptive adjective for dense or interwoven vegetation.
- Lane · entry 25720
صَارَّةٌ
A want, need, requisite, or thing one seeks from another.
Used in expressions for a need to be supplied by a particular person.
- Lane · entry 25721
صَارَّةٌ
Thirst.
The plural and attribution of this sense are disputed in the lexicographical reports.
- Lane · entry 25721
صُوَيْرَّةٌ
Narrow in disposition, judgment, mind, or opinion.
A diminutive-derived adjective with a figurative restriction of outlook.
- Lane · entry 25726
أَصَرُّ
Hard or smooth, said of a stone or rock.
Used in the expressions حَجَرٌ أَصَرُّ and صَخْرَةٌ صَرَّاءُ.
- Lane · entry 25727
مَصَرَّتَا
The two sphincters that restrain urine and feces.
An anatomical dual expression.
- Lane · entry 25731
مُصِرَّةٌ
A she-camel that does not yield milk copiously.
A descriptive feminine noun for an animal with restricted milk production.
- Lane · entry 25732
مُصَرَّاةٌ
A female animal left unmilked for days so that milk collects in the udder.
Applied to a ewe or she-goat as well as to a she-camel; the lexical attribution is noted as possibly belonging under صرى.
- Lane · entry 25733
مَصْرُورٌ
Bound, especially as a captive.
A passive participial use from binding.
- Lane · entry 25735
مَصْرُورَةٌ
A she-camel whose udder has been bound with the صِرَار.
A passive participial description of the animal rather than the binding device itself.
- Lane · entry 25735
مَصْرُورٌ
Of a solid hoof, contracted or narrow.
The narrowing may be described as excessive or unseemly.
- Lane · entry 25735
مَصْرُورٌ
A man with an iron collar placed around his neck, or around his neck and hands together.
A figurative or punitive passive participial use.
- Lane · entry 25735
مَصَارّ
The intestines or bowels into which food passes from the stomach.
A plural-like anatomical noun.
- Lane · entry 25736
مُصْطَرَّةٌ
Of a woman, narrow in the flanks.
A specialized bodily description; it is not generalized to all uses of the root's contraction vocabulary.
- Lane · entry 25737
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Quranic occurrence of صِرٌّ at 3:117 has a reported interpretive disagreement: intense cold is the primary represented sense, while noise/commotion and fire are retained as alternative Quranic interpretations.
صَرَّةٌ at 51:29 supports both a loud-cry and a gathered-company interpretation; the contextual gloss reflects the former but does not eliminate the latter.
The Lane entry for مُصَرَّاةٌ notes that this word may properly belong under the related root صرى; it is retained here because it is supplied as a primary unit attached to this root.
Lane's historical Quran citation notation for صِرٌّ has not been converted into a modern verse location; the displayed 3:117 location is independently supplied by QAC.