Quranic root
صلد
ṣ · l · d
The root centers on hardness and dryness: something firm, smooth, dry, and resistant to yielding.
From hard or dry material, the usage extends to barren land, a firestick that fails to produce fire, hairless or shining surfaces, withholding, and bodily non-emission such as little milk or sweat.
- Maqāyīs · row 2821
- 1
- Quran-attested forms
- 1
- Quran senses
- 1
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
صَلْدٌ
ṣaldun
- Part of speech
- Noun / adjective
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A hard, smooth stone left bare and unable to produce vegetation.
In فَتَرَكَهُ صَلْدًا, describing the stone exposed when its covering is removed; the usage combines hardness and smoothness with barrenness.
- Lane · entry 26391
- Mufradāt · row 846
Selected Quran examples
Quran 2:264word 27
“bare”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 2:264صَلْدًۭا ۖbare
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 21 Classical meanings
صَلْدٌ
Hard and smooth, applied to stone, land or ground, a solid hoof, and other tough surfaces or objects.
The adjective may describe physical hardness and smoothness without implying barrenness in every context.
- Lane · entry 26388
- Lane · entry 26391
صَلْدٌ، صِلْدَاءُ
Barren or unproductive, producing no plants or herbage; said of land, a place, or rugged hard ground.
This is the extended description of ground that yields no vegetation.
- Lane · entry 26388
- Lane · entry 26391
- Lane · entry 26393
صَلَدَ عَلَيْهِ الجَبَلُ، صَلُودٌ
So hard that it baffles a well-digger and resists his efforts; said of the rock or mountain encountered in a well.
Used of rock or a mountain obstructing excavation by its hardness.
- Lane · entry 26388
- Lane · entry 26396
صَلِدَ الزَّنْدُ، أَصْلَدَ
Of a firestick or piece of wood, to give a sound but emit no fire; in Form IV, to make or cause this failure.
The expression is used literally of a failed attempt to produce fire and figuratively of unproductive means.
- Lane · entry 26388
- Lane · entry 26390
- Lane · entry 26391
صَلَدَ، أَصْلَدَ، مُصْلِدٌ
Niggardly, withholding, or refusing a request; to give nothing to an asker or to be found ungenerous when asked.
Includes صَلَدَ السَّائِلَ, ‘he gave nothing to the asker,’ and the negative praise expression لَيْسَ بِمُصْلِدِ القَدْحِ for one who does not refuse when asked.
- Lane · entry 26388
- Lane · entry 26390
- Lane · entry 26391
- Lane · entry 26403
صَلْدٌ، صَلَدَتْ صَلْعَتُهُ
Bald or hairless on the head or forehead; a bald area likened to smooth stone.
The usage may refer to the hairless part of the forehead or to a head on which no hair grows.
- Lane · entry 26388
- Lane · entry 26391
صَلِيدٌ، صَلَدَ
Shining, gleaming, or glistening.
Often applied to a smooth or bald surface; the shining quality may be expressed independently as an adjectival meaning.
- Lane · entry 26388
- Lane · entry 26397
صَلَدَ
To flow forth, in a rare reported usage said of milk.
This usage is reported in a traditional expression and is distinct from the ordinary sense of shining or being smooth.
- Lane · entry 26388
يَصْلِدُ
Of broth or milk, to contain little oily or greasy matter and much water.
A reported special usage, explained as equivalent to يَصْلِتُ.
- Lane · entry 26388
صَلَدَتْ أَنْيَابُهُ، أَنْيَابٌ صَالِدَةٌ
Of canine teeth, to produce a grating sound.
Used specifically of the sound made by the teeth.
- Lane · entry 26388
- Lane · entry 26401
صَلَدَ بِيَدَيْهِ
To clap with the hands.
A conventional verbal expression describing hand-clapping.
- Lane · entry 26388
صَلَدَتِ الدَّابَّةُ، صَلُودٌ
Of a beast, to beat the ground with its forefeet while running.
Used of the animal’s manner of running.
- Lane · entry 26388
- Lane · entry 26396
صَلَدَ فِي الجَبَلِ، صَلُودٌ
Of a mountain-goat, to ascend a mountain; also of one who climbs a mountain out of fear.
The usage is associated with ascending or taking refuge on a mountain.
- Lane · entry 26388
- Lane · entry 26396
تَصْلُدُ
Of a wild cow or wild ox, to stand erect.
A rare usage preserved in an attributed verse and its lexical explanation.
- Lane · entry 26388
فَرَسٌ صَلْدٌ
A horse that does not sweat or is slow to sweat; also one with little seminal fluid and slow impregnation.
These are reported physiological applications of the adjective to a horse.
- Lane · entry 26391
نَاقَةٌ صَلْدَةٌ، خَيْلٌ صِلَادٌ
Hardy, strong, or enduring, said of a she-camel or horses.
The adjective describes physical robustness and endurance in these animal expressions.
- Lane · entry 26391
صَلُودٌ، مِصْلَادٌ
A she-camel having little or no milk, including one that has given birth but has no milk.
A specialized description of deficient milk production.
- Lane · entry 26396
- Mufradāt · row 846
صَلُودٌ
Of a woman, having little or no good in her, or being hard-hearted and without compassion.
A figurative application to character and disposition.
- Lane · entry 26396
صَلُودٌ
A cooking-pot that is slow to boil.
A figurative application of slowness or resistance to a cooking vessel.
- Lane · entry 26396
صَلُودٌ
Alone, apart from others, or separate.
An adjectival usage describing isolation or separation.
- Lane · entry 26396
مُصْلِدٌ
Milk milked into a greasy vessel and consequently without froth.
A specialized description of milk lacking foam because of the vessel’s greasy condition.
- Lane · entry 26403
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The single Quran occurrence supports the hard, smooth, unproductive-stone sense; the additional branches are broader Classical Arabic usages rather than additional Quran occurrences.