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Quranic root

صفد

ṣ · f · d

The root has two distinct semantic branches: bestowal and fastening.

The fastening branch yields bonds, fetters, and chains, while the bestowal branch yields giving or a benefaction. A gift may also be figuratively viewed as binding its recipient through gratitude.

  • Maqāyīs · row 2802
  • Mufradāt · row 839
1
Quran-attested forms
2
Quran senses
2
Quran occurrences

Forms in the Quran

The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.

صَفَدٌ

ṣafadun

Part of speech
Noun · singular citation (Quranic plural أَصْفَاد)
Quran occurrences
2 occurrences

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. A bond or fastening restraint; in the Quranic plural أَصْفَاد, chains, shackles, or fetters.

    The Quranic form is plural and denotes physical restraints; the supplied contexts render it as chains. The lexical range concerns being made fast and does not require one particular type of restraint.

    • Lane · entry 26091
    • Mufradāt · row 839
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 14:49word 6

    “the chains”

    Quran 38:38word 4

    “chains”

  2. A gift or benefaction, figuratively regarded as binding the recipient through gratitude.

    This is a distinct benefaction branch associated in the lexical evidence with a Quran passage, but its historical citation is not assigned a modern verse location because it does not securely match either supplied QAC occurrence.

    • Lane · entry 26091
    • Mufradāt · row 839

Occurrences in the Quran

Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.

  • 14:49ٱلْأَصْفَادِthe chains
  • 38:38ٱلْأَصْفَادِchains
View all 2 occurrences

Broader Classical Arabic meanings

Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.

Show 5 Classical meanings

  • صَفَدَ

    To bind or fetter someone, making the person fast with iron or another restraint.

    Form I verb; the described action includes shackling or fastening someone securely.

    • Lane · entry 26087

  • صَفَّدَ

    To overcome someone by one's speech.

    The attested construction uses بِـ to introduce the speech by which the person is overcome.

    • Lane · entry 26088

  • أَصْفَدَ

    To give or bestow something freely or gratuitously.

    The verb is described as doubly transitive; property or a slave are cited illustrations of what may be given, not exclusive object restrictions.

    • Lane · entry 26089

  • صَفَدٌ

    Praise, eulogy, or commendation; some authorities also report the contrary sense.

    The contrary interpretation is attributed to some authorities and is not treated as the primary value of the word.

    • Lane · entry 26091

  • الصَّافِدُ

    In a traditional prayer expression, one who holds the feet together as though they were fettered.

    Attested in the expression صلاة الصافد, referring specifically to this prayer posture.

    • Lane · entry 26093

Cautions

Points that affect how this root should be read.

  • The reported historical citation for the benefaction branch is printed as xxxviii. 37 and is not converted into a modern surah:ayah location. The supplied Quran examples therefore document only the restraint sense.

Unassigned or ambiguous evidence

  • The benefaction reading in lane-unit:Sfd:26091:g1:sub2 is explicitly Quran-associated, but the printed citation xxxviii. 37 does not securely identify either supplied QAC word occurrence; it is represented without a modern verse example.