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Pray for the Truth

Quranic root

صمم

ṣ · m · m

A root oriented toward closing openings, compacting something, and removing a passage or gap.

From the idea of closure and absence of an opening come deafness and blocked hearing, stopping a container, silence, hardness and compactness, persistence, penetration, and related expressions of firmness or inexorability.

  • Maqāyīs · row 2830
3
Quran-attested forms
4
Quran senses
15
Quran occurrences

Forms in the Quran

The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.

صَمَّ

ṣamma

Part of speech
Verb · Form I
Form
I
Quran occurrences
2 occurrences

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. To become deaf; to lose or suffer a stoppage of hearing.

    Intransitive Form I. The Quranic occurrence is a perfect verb describing people who became deaf.

    • Lane · entry 26499
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 5:71word 6

    and they became deaf

    Quran 5:71word 13

    and they became deaf

أَصَمَّ

ʾaṣamma

Part of speech
Verb · Form IV
Form
IV
Quran occurrences
1 occurrence

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. To make someone deaf; to cause a loss or stoppage of hearing.

    Transitive Form IV, with a person as the affected object. The Quranic occurrence describes God causing people to become deaf.

    • Lane · entry 26501
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 47:23word 5

    so He made them deaf

أَصَمّ

ʾaṣamm

Part of speech
Adjective · substantivized
Quran occurrences
12 occurrences

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. Deaf; lacking the faculty of hearing.

    Used substantively in the Quran, including inflected plural and case forms. It may describe actual inability to hear or serve as a comparison involving the deaf.

    • Lane · entry 26522
    • Mufradāt · row 850
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 21:45word 7

    the deaf

  2. Deaf to truth or reminders; unresponsive because one does not listen to or accept them.

    A figurative Quranic use in which deafness denotes refusal or inability to respond to guidance, rather than merely a physical hearing impairment.

    • Mufradāt · row 850
    • Lane · entry 26522
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 2:18word 1

    Deaf

    Quran 25:73word 9

    deaf

Occurrences in the Quran

Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.

  • 2:18صُمٌّۢDeaf
  • 2:171صُمٌّۢdeaf
  • 5:71وَصَمُّوا۟and they became deaf
  • 5:71وَصَمُّوا۟and they became deaf
  • 6:39صُمٌّۭ(are) deaf
View all 15 occurrences

Broader Classical Arabic meanings

Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.

Show 63 Classical meanings
  • صَمَّ عَنْهُ

    To be deaf to someone or something; to behave as though one did not hear it.

    An idiomatic prepositional construction, conventionally described as tropical.

    • Lane · entry 26499
  • صَمَّ

    To make no sound or noise; to be silent or mute.

    Includes descriptions of something producing no audible sound and figurative uses modeled on deafness.

    • Lane · entry 26499
  • صَمَّ صَدَاهُ

    For an echo to become silent; idiomatically, to perish.

    An idiomatic or optative expression referring to the disappearance of a person's echo.

    • Lane · entry 26499
  • صَمَامِ

    A serpent; in proverbial usage, also calamity or war.

    The serpent sense is described as primary in the cited lexical discussion; calamity and war are conventional extensions in expressions such as صَمِّي صَمَامِ.

    • Lane · entry 26499
  • صَمَمٌ

    Hardness, solidity, or compactness; the quality of being hard or compact.

    Applied to stone, a spear shaft, and figuratively to a severe trial or civil conflict.

    • Lane · entry 26499
  • صَمَّ القَارُورَةَ

    To stop or seal a flask or bottle.

    The stopper or sealing action may include securing the mouth or head of the container.

    • Lane · entry 26499
  • صَمَّ الجُرْحَ

    To bind a wound and apply a medicated bandage.

    A transitive construction describing treatment of the wound.

    • Lane · entry 26499
  • صَمَّهُ

    To strike someone or something forcefully with a staff, stone, or similar object.

    The passive expression صُمَّ describes being struck vehemently.

    • Lane · entry 26499
  • صَمَّمَ

    Of a sword, to penetrate into bone or pass through what it strikes, cutting or severing it.

    The sword's penetration is distinguished from merely striking and cutting a joint.

    • Lane · entry 26500
  • صَمَّمَ فِي الأَمْرِ

    To persist firmly in an intended course until attaining it.

    A figurative Form II construction describing adherence to an opinion, purpose, or undertaking.

    • Lane · entry 26500
  • صَمَّمَ

    To proceed with penetrating energy, sharpness, vigor, and effectiveness.

    Applied to action, an undertaking, travel, or, in one usage, a horse.

    • Lane · entry 26500
  • صَمَّمَ فِي عَضَّتِهِ

    To bite firmly and fix the canine teeth in what is bitten without letting go.

    A construction describing a tenacious bite.

    • Lane · entry 26500
  • صَمَّمَ الفَرَسَ العَلَفَ

    To enable a horse to take so much fodder that it becomes fat and replete.

    A figurative Form II feeding construction.

    • Lane · entry 26500
  • صَمَّمَ صَاحِبَهُ الحَدِيثَ

    To make a companion retain a narrative or story in memory.

    A figurative construction concerning memorization.

    • Lane · entry 26500
  • أَصَمَّنِي الكَلَامَ

    To divert someone from hearing speech, as though rendering the person deaf.

    A figurative Form IV construction.

    • Lane · entry 26501
  • أَصَمَّ

    To cause a person or thing to make no sound, or to become as though unable to answer.

    Includes figurative descriptions of silencing or making something deaf-like.

    • Lane · entry 26501
  • أَصَمَّ اللهُ صَدَاهُ

    To destroy someone, literally described as making the person's echo return no sound.

    An imprecatory idiom based on the silence of an echo after death.

    • Lane · entry 26501
  • أَصَمَّهُ

    To find someone deaf or discover that a call has met with no hearing.

    A Form IV usage distinct from causing deafness: the caller finds the person unresponsive to sound.

    • Lane · entry 26501
  • تَصَامَّ

    To feign deafness or pretend not to hear.

    May be constructed with عَنْهُ or with the object of the ignored speech.

    • Lane · entry 26502
  • صَمْصَمَ

    Of a female hedgehog, to utter its cry.

    A specialized animal usage.

    • Lane · entry 26503
  • الصِّمُّ

    A calamity or misfortune.

    A lexical noun used as a name for calamity.

    • Lane · entry 26504
  • الصِّمُّ

    A lion.

    A figurative designation associated with courage; its plural is also recorded.

    • Lane · entry 26504
  • صِمَّةٌ

    Courageous; bold in a way associated with disabling an opponent by a blow.

    An epithet applied to a person.

    • Lane · entry 26505
  • صِمَّةٌ

    One whose blow renders the person struck deaf.

    A specialized epithet emphasizing the effect of the blow.

    • Lane · entry 26505
  • صِمَّةٌ

    A male serpent.

    A specialized animal noun with the plural صِمَمٌ.

    • Lane · entry 26505
  • صِمَّةٌ

    A female hedgehog.

    A specialized animal noun, distinct from the verb describing its cry.

    • Lane · entry 26505
  • صَمَامِ

    Feign deafness and remain silent.

    An imperative-like verbal noun used in the expression صَمَامِ صَمَامِ.

    • Lane · entry 26507
  • صَمَامِ

    Charge upon the enemy.

    A fixed exhortatory use of the imperative-like verbal noun.

    • Lane · entry 26507
  • صَمَامِ

    A hard or severe calamity or misfortune.

    The severity is understood as closed off from relief or deprecation.

    • Lane · entry 26499
    • Lane · entry 26507
  • صِمَامٌ

    A stopper, plug, or fastening placed in the mouth or head of a flask or bottle.

    The term may distinguish the inserted stopper from the covering or binding tied over it.

    • Lane · entry 26508
  • صِمَامٌ

    The genital opening.

    A rare anatomical usage, possibly understood as the place of a stopper; a transmitted variant is also reported.

    • Lane · entry 26508
  • صَمِيمٌ

    The principal supporting bone of a limb or member; by extension, the main support of something.

    Used for the chief structural support, contrasted with a smaller accessory part.

    • Lane · entry 26509
  • صَمِيمٌ

    The heart or the middle and core of the heart.

    A figurative anatomical extension of the central supporting part.

    • Lane · entry 26509
  • صَمِيمٌ

    The prime, principal, most essential, or choice part of a thing or group.

    Includes being of the main stock or inner core of a people or party.

    • Lane · entry 26509
  • صَمِيمٌ

    The greatest intensity, vehemence, or violence, especially of heat or cold.

    May also denote intensity or vehemence without specifying the absolute extreme.

    • Lane · entry 26509
  • صَمِيمٌ

    The hard outer shell of an egg.

    A specialized concrete noun.

    • Lane · entry 26509
  • صَمِيمٌ

    Pure, unmixed, or genuine in race, lineage, or parentage.

    An epithet applicable to a man, woman, pair, or plural group.

    • Lane · entry 26509
  • صَمَّانٌ

    Hard or rugged ground containing stones beside sand.

    The related feminine form صَمَّانَةٌ is also recorded; the terrain is less than a mountain.

    • Lane · entry 26511
  • صَمْصَمٌ

    Extremely niggardly or tenacious.

    A specialized epithet describing an extreme degree of holding back or holding on.

    • Lane · entry 26513
  • صِمْصِمٌ

    Thick, short and thick, or compact in build.

    Applied especially to a man, horse, or mare; the exact physical nuance varies by cited authority.

    • Lane · entry 26514
  • صِمْصِمٌ

    Bold, daring, strong, robust, or hardy, proceeding with penetrating energy.

    An epithet applied to people and animals, especially horses.

    • Lane · entry 26514
  • صِمْصِمَةٌ

    A company or collection of men.

    A collective noun for a gathered group.

    • Lane · entry 26517
  • صِمْصِمَةٌ

    The middle or core of a people or party.

    A figurative group usage related to centrality and compactness.

    • Lane · entry 26517
  • صِمْصِمَةٌ

    A rugged hill whose stones are nearly erect.

    A specialized terrain noun.

    • Lane · entry 26517
  • صَمْصَامٌ

    A sharp, unbending sword.

    The term may also function as the proper name of a particular sword.

    • Lane · entry 26518
  • أَصَمُّ

    Feigning deafness to what is displeasing while hearing what is pleasing.

    A proverbial or figurative description of selective disregard.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • دَعْوَةُ الأَصَمِّ

    A call made with extraordinary force.

    An idiomatic expression based on calling as one would call a deaf person.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • ضَرْبُ الأَصَمِّ

    Uninterrupted and excessive beating.

    An idiomatic expression explaining the beating by the supposed deafness of the agent.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • لَمَعَ بِلَمْعِ الأَصَمِّ

    To signal continually by waving a garment.

    An idiomatic expression for signaling as though one could not hear a reply.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • حَيَّةٌ أَصَمُّ

    A serpent that does not respond to charming or obey the charmer.

    The deafness is figurative, denoting refusal to respond; the epithet صُمٌّ is likewise applied to scorpions.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • رَجُلٌ أَصَمُّ

    A person whom one cannot win over or turn back from a desired object.

    A figurative epithet based on refusing to hear calls or persuasion.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • دَهْرٌ أَصَمُّ

    Inexorable fortune that does not hear complaints.

    A figurative attribution of deafness to time or fate.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • فِتْنَةٌ صَمَّاءُ

    A severe, hard-to-bear sedition, trial, or affair with no apparent way of being allayed.

    A figurative adjective describing an event that has reached an extreme and is not open to relief.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • أَصَمُّ

    Hard and solid, or compact and without a crack or hole.

    Applied to stone, rock, or a compact spear shaft.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • أَرْضٌ صَمَّاءُ

    Rugged or hard ground.

    A specialized terrain description.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • الصَّمَّاءُ

    The thin or slender extremity of the عِفَجَة, a digestive anatomical part.

    A rare anatomical usage, explained through hardness or resemblance to a closed auditory passage.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • نَاقَةٌ صَمَّاءُ

    A fat she-camel; according to one report, one that has just conceived or become pregnant.

    A specialized animal epithet with variant explanations in the lexical evidence.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • اشْتِمَالُ الصَّمَّاءِ

    A manner of wrapping oneself completely in a single garment, without leaving an opening for the hand.

    A conventional dress term with differing detailed descriptions in legal and vernacular explanations.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • جَذْرٌ أَصَمُّ

    A surd or irrational root in arithmetic.

    A technical mathematical usage, contrasted with a rational root.

    • Lane · entry 26522
  • صَوْتٌ مَصِمٌّ

    A sound, noise, or voice that deafens the ear.

    A specialized participial adjective describing an overpowering sound.

    • Lane · entry 26523
  • أَلْفٌ مُصَمَّمٌ

    A thousand made complete or exact.

    A specialized figurative adjective, compared with مُصَمَّتٌ and مُصْمَتٌ.

    • Lane · entry 26524
  • مُصَمِّمٌ

    A sword that passes into or penetrates the bones of what it strikes.

    A specialized active-participial noun for a penetrating sword.

    • Lane · entry 26525
  • مُصَمِّمٌ

    A strong camel; in another explanation, a camel patient in travel and not given to a grumbling cry.

    A specialized animal epithet with variant lexical explanations.

    • Lane · entry 26525

Cautions

Points that affect how this root should be read.

  • The nominal QAC group contains plural, case-inflected, and article-bearing forms; it is presented under the normalized singular citation form أَصَمّ.

  • The Quranic nominal uses include both literal deafness and figurative unresponsiveness to truth or reminders; these are kept as separate senses.