Quranic root
ضحو
ḍ · ḥ · w
The root centers on exposure to sunlight and the spreading of daylight, especially the forenoon and its brightness.
From the experience of being exposed to the sun, the root names the forenoon and sunlight, and extends to apparentness, open or sun-exposed places, and actions performed during that time.
- Lane · entry 17561
- Lane · entry 17568
- Lane · entry 17576
- Mufradāt · row 869
- 2
- Quran-attested forms
- 3
- Quran senses
- 7
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
ضَحِيَ
ḍaḥiya
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form I
- Form
- I
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To be exposed to the sun; to be struck by its heat.
In the Quranic construction لا تَضْحَىٰ, it describes being subjected to the sun's heat, in contrast with being protected from it.
- Lane · entry 17561
- Mufradāt · row 869
Selected Quran examples
Quran 20:119word 6
“exposed to the sun's heat”
ضُحًى
ḍuḥan
- Part of speech
- Noun · temporal adverbial use
- Quran occurrences
- 6 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
The early forenoon or daylight period after sunrise, as the sun spreads and the day advances.
Used as a temporal noun and adverbial expression for the forenoon or daylight period.
- Lane · entry 17568
- Mufradāt · row 869
Selected Quran examples
The sunlight or brightness associated with the forenoon.
In ضُحَى الشَّمْسِ and related Quranic expressions, the word denotes the sun's light or brightness rather than merely the time of day.
- Lane · entry 17568
- Mufradāt · row 869
Selected Quran examples
Quran 79:29word 4
“its brightness”
Quran 91:1word 2
“and its brightness”
Quran 93:1word 1
“By the morning brightness”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 7:98ضُحًۭى(in) daylight
- 20:59ضُحًۭى(at) forenoon
- 20:119تَضْحَىٰexposed to the sun's heat
- 79:29ضُحَىٰهَاits brightness
- 79:46ضُحَىٰهَاa morning thereof
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 38 Classical meanings
ضَحَا
To appear or become apparent.
Attested in the expression ضَحَا الطَّرِيقُ, said of a road becoming visible or distinct.
- Lane · entry 17561
ضَحِيَ
To become cloudless.
Said of a night that clears of clouds.
- Lane · entry 17561
ضَحِيَ
To become white or predominantly white.
Applied especially to a horse whose whiteness predominates over its blackness.
- Lane · entry 17561
ضَحَا
To perish or die.
A figurative expression in which a person's shade becomes sun and therefore disappears.
- Lane · entry 17561
ضَحَا
To go forth into the sunshine or expose oneself to sunlight.
Also used with لِلشَّمْسِ for going out into the sun.
- Lane · entry 17561
ضَحِيَ
To sweat.
A Classical usage with the imperfect يَضْحَى.
- Lane · entry 17561
ضَحَّى
To come to someone during the time of the forenoon.
A temporal Form II use, comparable to coming in the morning.
- Lane · entry 17562
ضَحَّى
To pasture livestock in the forenoon, or to feed people a morning meal.
Used of grazing sheep, goats, or camels during ضُحًى and of providing or inviting people to the corresponding meal.
- Lane · entry 17562
ضَحَّى
To act gently, deliberately, or without haste.
In the proverbial expression ضَحِّ رُوَيْدًا, it can also imply slaughtering or sacrificing deliberately and without haste.
- Lane · entry 17562
ضَحَّى
To slaughter or sacrifice an animal.
The sacrifice is conventionally associated with the time of ضُحًى and the days of sacrifice, though the verb may be used for the act during those days more generally.
- Lane · entry 17562
ضَاحَى
To become exposed to the sun, with vegetation consequently drying up.
Said of lands or countries whose exposure to the sun dries their herbage.
- Lane · entry 17563
أَضْحَى
To enter upon the time of the forenoon.
A time-of-day verb, comparable to أَصْبَحَ for entering the morning.
- Lane · entry 17564
أَضْحَى
To become occupied with, set about, or begin doing something during the first part of the day.
Like other time-of-day verbs, it may be rendered simply as “became” when followed by an imperfect verb or participle.
- Lane · entry 17564
أَضْحَى
To perform the supererogatory prayer associated with the forenoon.
A specialized usage referring to the prayer of ضُحَى.
- Lane · entry 17564
أَضْحَى
To withdraw or go far away from an affair or from water.
Used of a person withdrawing from an affair and of birds going far from water.
- Lane · entry 17564
أَضْحَى
To make something apparent, show it, or reveal it.
Can be transitive with an object or used with عَنْ to make an affair manifest.
- Lane · entry 17564
أَضْحَى
To deprive someone of protection or compassion, or to cause someone's protective presence to disappear.
An idiomatic figurative use of going out from shade into the sun; it can also allude to death or loss.
- Lane · entry 17564
تَضَحَّى
To eat during the forenoon or eat the morning meal.
Comparable to تَغَدَّى, with emphasis on eating at the time called ضُحًى.
- Lane · entry 17565
ضُحًى
The sun.
A transferred use based on the sun's appearance during the period called ضُحًى.
- Lane · entry 17568
ضُحًى
Perspicuity or plainness of meaning.
In the expression مَا لِكَلَامِهِ ضُحًى, used figuratively of speech or poetry lacking clarity.
- Lane · entry 17568
ضَحْيَانٌ
Exposed to the sun or growing under its direct exposure.
Applied to sun-exposed places and objects, including a mountain top or a staff matured and hardened in the sun.
- Lane · entry 17571
ضَحْيَانٌ
A person who eats during the forenoon.
A conventional noun for one who eats at the time called ضُحًى.
- Lane · entry 17571
ضَحَاءٌ
The later forenoon period, approaching midday.
The period after ضُحًى, when the day is high or the sun has risen substantially.
- Lane · entry 17572
ضَحَاءٌ
The morning meal, and by extension pasture eaten at that time.
Named from the time in which the food or pasture is taken.
- Lane · entry 17572
ضَاحِيَةٌ
An outer or exposed place or tract, especially one open to the sun or lacking shade.
Includes an exterior place, an unenclosed land, and an exposed desert or tree; the term may describe a place with no protective shade.
- Lane · entry 17575
ضَاحِيَةٌ
The exposed or visible side of the head.
Used in the expression بَدَا بِضَاحِي رَأْسِهِ, to appear or show that side of the head.
- Lane · entry 17575
ضَاحِيَةٌ
An outer, exterior, or exposed side, region, or tract of something.
By extension, it denotes outer districts, people living outside a town, open-country palm trees, projecting body parts, the sides of a watering-trough, and the heavens.
- Lane · entry 17576
ضَاحِيَةٌ
Openly or in the open.
In فَعَلَهُ ضَاحِيَةً, the adverb describes doing something openly.
- Lane · entry 17576
ضَاحِيَةٌ
Livestock that drink during the forenoon.
Applied especially to cattle, sheep, or goats drinking at the time called ضُحًى.
- Lane · entry 17576
أَضْحَى
Gray or predominantly white in color.
Applied especially to a horse; the feminine form describes a corresponding mare or other feminine noun.
- Lane · entry 17577
أَضْحَى
Bright, clear, or shining.
Applied to a cloudless night or bright day, and also to the brightness of a moon, lamp, or wick.
- Lane · entry 17577
أَضْحَى
A person or member of a people, in the idiomatic expression أَيُّ الضَّحْيَاءِ.
This meaning belongs to the cited idiom and is not a general meaning of the temporal noun.
- Lane · entry 17577
أَضْحًى
The collective sacrificial victims, and hence the day or festival of sacrifice.
The masculine form may denote the day of sacrifice, while the collective noun denotes the sacrificial victims.
- Lane · entry 17577
إِضْحِيَانٌ
A plant resembling chamomile.
A plant name recorded as a separate lexical use.
- Lane · entry 17579
أُضْحِيَّةٌ
A sheep, goat, camel, bovine, or other animal slaughtered as a sacrifice.
Traditionally slaughtered during the time of ضُحًى on the day of sacrifice; the term also has the listed plural forms أَضَاحِيّ and ضَحَايَا.
- Lane · entry 17580
مَضْحَاةٌ
Land from which the sun is hardly or never absent.
An exposed tract receiving continuous or nearly continuous sunlight.
- Lane · entry 17581
مُضْطَحٍ
A person entering upon the time of the forenoon.
A participial noun for one who reaches or enters the period called ضُحًى.
- Lane · entry 17582
ضَحْيَاءُ
A woman whose pubic hair does not grow.
A specialized feminine usage describing a woman whose عَانَة is bare of hair.
- Lane · entry 17577
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Quranic verb تَضْحَىٰ is normalized under ضَحِيَ because the supplied Quran-focused lexical discussion gives ضَحِيَ يَضْحَى; Lane also records a closely related ضَحَا form in the same sun-exposure branch.
The nominal and T-tagged Quran groups share the public headword ضُحًى, with the T-tagged occurrences treated as temporal-adverbial uses rather than a separate lexical item.