Quranic root
صلي
ṣ · l · y
The root has a primary semantic axis of fire, heat, and exposure to burning, alongside a distinct tradition of worship, invocation, and blessing associated with the same written root.
The fire-and-heat axis develops into roasting, burning, warming, entering fire, enduring severity, and related object and place nouns. The worship/invocation axis is not represented by the supplied QAC forms and should not be assigned to these Quranic fire-related forms.
- Maqāyīs · row 2829
- 7
- Quran-attested forms
- 8
- Quran senses
- 25
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
صَلِيَ
ṣaliya
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form I
- Form
- I
- Quran occurrences
- 13 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To be burned or to undergo the heat of fire.
Used for undergoing fire and its heat; Quranic contexts include being burned in or by the fire.
- Lane · entry 26481
Selected Quran examples
Quran 4:10word 12
“and they will be burned”
To enter and remain in the fire.
A fire-related construction in which the subject is made to enter, stay, or abide in the fire; this can be rendered as entering, burning in, or being consigned to it.
- Lane · entry 26481
Selected Quran examples
Quran 14:29word 2
“(in) it they will burn”
صَلَّى
ṣallā
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form II
- Form
- II
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To cause someone to enter the fire and burn; to burn or consign someone to the fire.
Transitive causative use with a person or other object as the one subjected to the fire.
- Lane · entry 26481
- Lane · entry 26482
Selected Quran examples
Quran 69:31word 3
“burn him”
أَصْلَى
ʾaṣlā
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form IV
- Form
- IV
- Quran occurrences
- 4 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To cause someone to enter the fire and burn; to cast or consign someone to the fire.
Transitive causative use, with emphasis in some contexts on casting or placing the object into the fire.
- Lane · entry 26481
- Lane · entry 26483
Selected Quran examples
Quran 4:30word 7
“We (will) cast him”
Quran 4:56word 6
“We will burn them”
اِصْطَلَى
āiṣṭalā
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form VIII
- Form
- VIII
- Quran occurrences
- 2 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To warm oneself by a fire.
Reflexive or intransitive use for becoming warm through proximity to or use of fire.
- Lane · entry 26485
Selected Quran examples
Quran 27:7word 16
“warm yourselves”
Quran 28:29word 27
“warm yourselves”
صَالٍ
ṣālin
- Part of speech
- Active participle
- Quran occurrences
- 3 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
One who is burning in or exposed to fire; one undergoing burning.
Active-participle use in a fire context; the supplied Quranic occurrences include both the singular citation form and its plural realization.
- Lane · entry 26493
Selected Quran examples
صِلِيٌّ
ṣiliyyun
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Burning or exposure to the fire.
A noun denoting the state or experience of being subjected to fire.
- Lane · entry 26481
Selected Quran examples
Quran 19:70word 8
“(of) being burnt”
تَصْلِيَةٌ
taṣliyahun
- Part of speech
- Verbal noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Causing entry into fire and burning; burning or consignment to the fire.
A verbal noun for the causative act or resulting treatment of placing someone or something in fire to be burned.
- Lane · entry 26481
Selected Quran examples
Quran 56:94word 1
“And burning”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 4:10وَسَيَصْلَوْنَand they will be burned
- 4:30نُصْلِيهِWe (will) cast him
- 4:56نُصْلِيهِمْWe will burn them
- 4:115وَنُصْلِهِۦand We will burn him
- 14:29يَصْلَوْنَهَا ۖ(in) it they will burn
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 22 Classical meanings
صَلَى
To roast, broil, fry, or burn flesh-meat.
Transitive culinary use with flesh-meat as the object.
- Lane · entry 26481
صَلَى
To slander or calumniate someone and thereby cause that person to fall into destruction.
A tropical transitive construction, including صَلَيْتُ لِفُلَانٍ.
- Lane · entry 26481
صَلَى
To soothe, coax, wheedle, cajole, deceive, or outwit someone.
A reported lexical use attributed to one authority and distinguished from the slander-and-destruction usage.
- Lane · entry 26481
صَلِيَ
To endure the heat or severity of an affair or war, or to undergo an ordeal by fire or its analogue.
May take an affair, war, fire, or another hardship as the source of the heat or trial.
- Lane · entry 26481
صَلِيَ
To keep to or cling to something.
A reported additional lexical use; it is not used here as a definition of the Quranic fire-related forms.
- Lane · entry 26481
صَلَى
To strike or hit the part of the back called صَلًا.
An exceptional or non-regular usage explicitly marked as extraneous in the lexical discussion.
- Lane · entry 26481
صَلَّى
To warm an object with fire.
Includes warming a hand or another object by holding it near the fire.
- Lane · entry 26482
صَلَّى
To parch, supple, straighten, or otherwise shape wood by turning it over fire.
Used of a staff, spear-shaft, stick, or branch treated with fire.
- Lane · entry 26482
اِصْطَلَى
To become burned by fire.
A non-Quranic extension of the Form VIII fire construction, distinct from merely warming oneself.
- Lane · entry 26485
اِصْطَلَى
For a chameleon, to repair to the sun.
A specialized zoological usage.
- Lane · entry 26485
اِصْطَلَى
To be approachable only with difficulty, especially when a formidable person is inflamed with anger or engaged in battle.
An idiomatic expression based on the literal image of warming oneself at someone’s fire.
- Lane · entry 26485
اِصْطَلَى
To refrain from seeking a person’s hospitality.
A satirical use of the same fire-based idiom.
- Lane · entry 26485
صِلَاءٌ
Fuel used to kindle a fire; by extension, fire or the heat of fire.
The lexical alternatives include what is burned as fuel, the fire itself, and its heat.
- Lane · entry 26488
صَلَايَةٌ
A hand-sized stone or grinding stone used to bruise, pound, or powder perfume or other substances.
The stone is the surface or implement used for grinding; the associated implement is separately named مِدْوَكٌ.
- Lane · entry 26491
صَلَايَةٌ
The forehead.
A figurative use likening the forehead to the grinding stone.
- Lane · entry 26491
صَلَايَةٌ
A rough, rugged strip of elevated ground.
A geographical description of a rugged strip of highland.
- Lane · entry 26491
صَالِيَةٌ
A support for a cooking pot, such as a three-stone hearth.
A household implement or structure supporting the cooking vessel.
- Lane · entry 26494
مَصْلِيٌّ
Roasted, broiled, or fried.
An adjectival or participial description of food treated by fire.
- Lane · entry 26495
مَصْلِيٌّ
Dried in the sun, specifically said of a date.
A specialized description of a sun-dried date.
- Lane · entry 26495
مَصْلَاةٌ
Land abounding in the plant called صِلِّيَان.
A specialized environmental noun describing land by its vegetation.
- Lane · entry 26496
مِصْلَاةٌ
A snare or trap set for birds or other creatures.
The plural is مَصَالٍ; the term is also used metaphorically for traps that catch people.
- Lane · entry 26497
مُصْطَلًى
The limbs and prominent extremities of a person that become cold at death and are warmed at a fire.
May refer broadly to the arms, legs, face, and other exposed extremities, or more narrowly to the face and extremities.
- Lane · entry 26498
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Mufradat entry supplied is explicitly shared between the QAC roots Slw and Sly; its prayer, invocation, and blessing discussion has therefore not been assigned as a direct meaning of this root's Quranic forms.
The Lane evidence for صَالٍ is explicitly tentative, stating that the interpretation is correct only if the cited reading is accepted; the active-participle sense is retained because the QAC form and the directly corresponding Lane entry are both supplied.
The Quranic Form I fire usages encompass both undergoing the heat of fire and entering or remaining in it; these are kept as separate senses because the lexical evidence explicitly distinguishes the interpretations.
Unassigned or ambiguous evidence
The shared Mufradat row contains extensive prayer-related material that may belong to the neighboring Slw root; it cannot be confidently assigned to Sly from this packet alone.
The interpretation of Lane's صَالٍ as heated, warmed, or burned is attributed without named authority and qualified by 'if this be correct'; it is represented but flagged as tentative.