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Quranic root

بهم

b · h · m

The root is oriented toward something whose point of access, means of approach, or manner of comprehension is not apparent.

This orientation develops into meanings of closure, obscurity, solidity, and formidable inaccessibility. Related lexical branches include a single unmixed color, beasts and young animals, a plant, and the thumb, some of which are treated as specialized departures from the central pattern.

  • Maqāyīs · row 865
  • Mufradāt · row 164
1
Quran-attested forms
1
Quran senses
3
Quran occurrences

Forms in the Quran

The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.

بَهِيمَة

bahīmah

Part of speech
Noun
Quran occurrences
3 occurrences

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. A beast or animal; in the Quranic expression بَهِيمَةُ الْأَنْعَامِ, a beast of the livestock kind.

    Used in the genitive construction بَهِيمَةُ الْأَنْعَامِ. In established usage, بَهِيمَة generally denotes an animal without articulate speech and is conventionally distinguished from predatory animals and birds.

    • Lane · entry 37370
    • Mufradāt · row 164
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 5:1word 8

    the quadruped

    Quran 22:28word 14

    (the) beast

    Quran 22:34word 12

    (the) beast

Occurrences in the Quran

Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.

  • 5:1بَهِيمَةُthe quadruped
  • 22:28بَهِيمَةِ(the) beast
  • 22:34بَهِيمَةِ(the) beast
View all 3 occurrences

Broader Classical Arabic meanings

Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.

Show 41 Classical meanings
  • بَهَّمَ

    To separate lambs or kids from their mothers and pasture them separately.

    Form II verb.

    • Lane · entry 37358
  • بَهَّمَ

    To stay or remain in a place without leaving it.

    Form II verb, used with بِالمكانِ.

    • Lane · entry 37358
  • بَهَّمَ

    To continue looking at something fixedly without finding relief in the act.

    A figurative Form II use said of a person.

    • Lane · entry 37358
  • بَهَّمَ

    To become silent and perplexed when questioned about something.

    A figurative Form II use.

    • Lane · entry 37358
  • بَهَّمَ

    To refrain from fighting or engaging in conflict.

    A figurative Form II use.

    • Lane · entry 37358
  • أَبْهَمَ

    To become dubious, confused, or vague, so that the way to understand or deal with something is unknown.

    Intransitive Form IV use, said of a thing or affair.

    • Lane · entry 37359
  • أَبْهَمَ

    To close, lock, or stop up a door; of the thumb, to close over the palm of the hand.

    Form IV physical-closure construction.

    • Lane · entry 37359
  • أَبْهَمَ

    To make a thing, speech, report, or information dubious, confused, vague, or difficult to understand.

    Causative Form IV use, contrary to making something clear.

    • Lane · entry 37359
  • أَبْهَمَ

    To declare or treat something as absolutely prohibited and impermissible.

    A figurative Form IV use applied to a prohibited matter.

    • Lane · entry 37359
  • أَبْهَمَ

    To make a person turn away, withdraw, or retire from a thing or affair.

    A figurative Form IV construction with عَنْ.

    • Lane · entry 37359
  • أَبْهَمَ

    Of land, to produce or abound in بُهْمَى.

    Form IV use describing vegetation produced by the land.

    • Lane · entry 37359
  • اِسْتَبْهَمَ

    To be as though an affair, speech, or information were closed against someone, making it difficult or impossible to understand, express, or carry out.

    Form X construction, especially استبهم عليه الأمر or الكلام; it may describe an impeded or tongue-tied speaker or obscure information.

    • Lane · entry 37362
  • بَهْمٌ

    Young sheep, goats, or young animals of the bovine kind; a lamb or kid in the relevant early stage.

    The reports differ on whether the term applies immediately after birth or after the stage called سَخْلَةٌ, and on its precise age range.

    • Lane · entry 37363
  • سَعْدُ البِهَام

    A lunar mansion called Saʿd al-Bihām; alternatively, two stars not counted among the lunar mansions.

    A proper astronomical designation with variant descriptions.

    • Lane · entry 37363
  • بَهِمٌ

    Of land, abounding in the plant called بُهْمَى.

    A possessive adjective applied to land.

    • Lane · entry 37365
  • بُهْمَة

    A solid rock or great mass of stone, without a hollow interior.

    A concrete noun; the sense extends to something solid and impenetrable.

    • Lane · entry 37367
  • بُهْمَة

    A courageous, formidable man or horseman difficult for an adversary to approach, or a resolute man who is not turned from what he intends.

    A figurative epithet; the cited lexical restriction excludes its use as an epithet for a woman.

    • Lane · entry 37367
  • بُهْمَة

    An army, or a company of courageous or armored horsemen difficult to engage.

    A collective or plural-like use.

    • Lane · entry 37367
  • بُهْمَة

    A difficult, baffling, or embarrassing affair whose management or solution is not apparent.

    A figurative noun; its plural may describe dubious or confused affairs.

    • Lane · entry 37367
  • بُهْمَة

    Blackness.

    An abstract or color-related use.

    • Lane · entry 37367
  • البُهَم

    The three nights in which the moon does not visibly rise.

    A conventional calendrical or astronomical designation.

    • Lane · entry 37367
  • بُهْمَى

    A prickly grass or pasture plant, eagerly eaten by sheep, goats, or camels while green and becoming thorny when dry.

    A plant name used as both a singular and collective noun in the cited discussion.

    • Lane · entry 37368
  • بَهِيم

    Black; also, a black ewe with no white marking.

    The adjective may be substantivized for the ewe.

    • Lane · entry 37369
  • بَهِيم

    Of one pure, unmixed color, with no contrasting color in it, whether black or another color.

    Applied especially to a horse or to a color; the cited authorities except the color termed شُهْبَة.

    • Lane · entry 37369
  • بَهِيم

    A night without light until dawn.

    A descriptive adjective applied to night.

    • Lane · entry 37369
  • بَهِيم

    Of a sound or voice, without trilling, quavering, or reiteration in the throat.

    A figurative descriptive use.

    • Lane · entry 37369
  • بَهِيم

    Whole and sound, without mutilation, defect, or disease.

    One interpretation of the expression يُحْشَرُ النَّاسُ بُهْمًا.

    • Lane · entry 37369
  • بَهِيم

    Naked, without anything covering the body.

    An alternative interpretation of the expression يُحْشَرُ النَّاسُ بُهْمًا.

    • Lane · entry 37369
  • بَهِيم

    Without worldly goods or commodities.

    An alternative interpretation of the expression يُحْشَرُ النَّاسُ بُهْمًا.

    • Lane · entry 37369
  • بَهِيم

    Unknown.

    A figurative use attributed to a cited authority.

    • Lane · entry 37369
  • بَهِيمِي

    Of, or relating to, beasts or brute animals.

    Relational adjective.

    • Lane · entry 37371
  • بَهِيمِيَّة

    The nature or essential character of beasts or brute animals.

    Abstract noun derived from the relational adjective.

    • Lane · entry 37372
  • أَبْهَم

    Mute or unable to articulate speech.

    A lexical equivalent of أَعْجَم in the cited usage.

    • Lane · entry 37373
  • إِبْهَام

    The thumb or great toe, the largest digit of the hand or foot.

    The term is feminine in common usage but is also attested as masculine; its regular plurals include أَبَاهِيمُ and أَبَاهِمُ.

    • Lane · entry 37374
  • مُبْهَم

    Closed or inaccessible; of a door, locked or stopped up; of a wall, without a door; or of a chest, without a means of opening it.

    A passive-participial adjective describing physical absence of an opening or access.

    • Lane · entry 37375
  • مُبْهَم

    Solid and without a fissure or hollow; figuratively, of a heart, impervious to admonition.

    A physical and associated figurative use.

    • Lane · entry 37375
  • مُبْهَم

    Obscure, vague, indefinite, or difficult to understand; of a road, unapparent or hardly apparent.

    Applied to things, speech, information, legal ordinances, and, in grammatical terminology, demonstrative nouns and certain particles whose derivation or root is not apparent.

    • Lane · entry 37375
  • مُبْهَم

    Of a vow or an ordinance concerning marriage, divorce, or emancipation, inescapable or impossible to extricate oneself from.

    A figurative legal use, conceived as a closed door with a lock.

    • Lane · entry 37375
  • مُبْهَم

    Absolutely prohibited and not allowable under any circumstance.

    Applied to prohibited matters, including certain permanently forbidden marriages.

    • Lane · entry 37375
  • مُبْهَم

    In a state of swooning or insensibility, speechless and without discrimination.

    A figurative or resultant-state use, especially after a blow or similar affliction.

    • Lane · entry 37375
  • مُسْتَبْهِم

    Debarred from the faculty of speech.

    Used with عَنِ الكلامِ for a person unable to speak.

    • Lane · entry 37376

Cautions

Points that affect how this root should be read.

  • The Classical definition of بَهْمٌ varies among authorities as to the precise age and stage of lambs or kids.

  • The interpretations of بُهْمًا in the cited eschatological expression vary between bodily wholeness, nakedness, and absence of worldly possessions; these are retained as distinct Classical interpretations rather than treated as Quranic senses.