Quranic root
تجر
t · j · r
The root centers on trade: dealing in goods or employing capital in pursuit of gain.
From selling and buying for profit, the lexical family names the merchant, reciprocal trading, merchandise, saleable goods, and places where commerce is conducted. Quranic usage also extends the language of trade metaphorically to faith, striving, and their outcome as profit or loss.
- Maqāyīs · row 907
- Mufradāt · row 176
- Lane · entry 16509
- Lane · entry 16510
- Lane · entry 16514
- Lane · entry 16515
- Lane · entry 16516
- 1
- Quran-attested forms
- 2
- Quran senses
- 9
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
تِجَارَةٌ
tijārahun
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 9 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Trade or commercial exchange: the selling and buying of goods, or the conduct of business, with capital employed to seek gain.
Used for ordinary commerce and transactions, including a transaction conducted by mutual consent and a present transaction managed between parties.
- Lane · entry 16514
- Mufradāt · row 176
Selected Quran examples
Quran 2:282word 99
“a transaction”
Quran 4:29word 12
“business”
A figurative transaction in which faith and striving are presented as an investment leading to salvation, or in which an exchange is judged profitable or loss-making.
A Quranic metaphor: faith in God, loyalty to His messenger, and striving are described as a trade that saves from punishment, while the exchange of guidance for misguidance is depicted as an unprofitable trade.
- Mufradāt · row 176
Selected Quran examples
Quran 61:10word 7
“a transaction”
Quran 2:16word 8
“their commerce”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 2:16تِّجَـٰرَتُهُمْtheir commerce
- 2:282تِجَـٰرَةًa transaction
- 4:29تِجَـٰرَةًbusiness
- 9:24وَتِجَـٰرَةٌۭand the commerce
- 24:37تِجَـٰرَةٌۭtrade
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 8 Classical meanings
تَجَرَ
To trade: to sell and buy, practise commerce, or employ property for gain.
Form I verb; it may be used of conducting commerce on land or at sea and takes تِجَارَةً as a verbal noun.
- Lane · entry 16509
تَاجَرَ
To trade with someone; to engage with or vie with another in selling and buying.
Form III construction referring to a trading partner or counterpart.
- Lane · entry 16510
تِجَارَةٌ
Merchandise: goods, commodities, household furnishings, or other things offered for sale and purchase.
This noun can be used in a quasi-verbal-noun sense with passive-participial force, denoting what is traded; figurative extensions may speak of the merchandise of the hereafter.
- Lane · entry 16514
تَاجِرٌ
A merchant, trader, dealer, or tradesman who sells and buys for gain.
The ordinary agent noun for one who practises commerce.
- Lane · entry 16515
تَاجِرٌ
A vintner or seller of wine.
A specialized usage distinct from the general sense ‘merchant.’
- Lane · entry 16515
تَاجِرٌ
A person skilled in an affair and knowledgeable about the profitable way of handling it.
Figurative usage with a matter or undertaking as the object of expertise.
- Lane · entry 16515
- Mufradāt · row 176
تَاجِرَةٌ
A she-camel that is readily saleable or much in demand; also a feminine form for saleable or much-demanded commodities.
The lexical use describes readiness of sale and market demand, contrasted with being unsaleable.
- Lane · entry 16515
مُتْجَرَةٌ
A land or place in which commerce is practised and to which people go for trade.
Used adjectivally in the expression أرضٌ مُتْجَرَةٌ.
- Lane · entry 16516