Quranic root
ثبط
th · b · ṭ
Impeded action or movement: weakness and sluggishness on the intransitive side, and holding another back on the causative side.
The supplied lexical evidence connects becoming slow, weak, or unable to move with causative hindering, reflexive pausing, and holding back. A related Form IV construction describes disease as persistently holding someone.
- Lane · entry 27133
- Lane · entry 27134
- Lane · entry 27135
- Lane · entry 27136
- Lane · entry 27137
- Lane · entry 27138
- 1
- Quran-attested forms
- 1
- Quran senses
- 1
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
ثَبَّطَ
thabbaṭa
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form II
- Form
- II
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To hinder, hold back, delay, or prevent someone from carrying out an affair.
A transitive causative construction, commonly with عَنِ الأمرِ or عَنِ الشيءِ, meaning to keep someone from an intended action. The hindering may involve withholding, occupying the person otherwise, weakening their resolve, or intervening as an obstacle. In the Quranic occurrence, it means causing people to remain behind rather than go forth.
- Lane · entry 27134
- Mufradāt · row 198
Selected Quran examples
Quran 9:46word 11
“so He made them lag behind”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 9:46فَثَبَّطَهُمْso He made them lag behind
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 7 Classical meanings
ثَبِطَ
To become stupid or inept in one's work or action; to become weak, heavy, sluggish, or slow.
An intransitive Form I verb; the evidence applies the description to a person and, in respect of covering, to a horse.
- Lane · entry 27133
ثَبِطٌ
Stupid or weak in action; heavy, sluggish, or slow; a person who does not move from his place.
An adjective applied to a person and, with respect to covering, to a horse; feminine and plural forms are also reported.
- Lane · entry 27138
ثَبَّطَ
To make someone pause or wait over an affair.
A causative construction with عَلَى الأمرِ or عَلَيْهِ, distinct from simply preventing someone from undertaking an affair.
- Lane · entry 27134
أَثْبَطَ
For disease to scarcely, or never, leave someone; to keep someone persistently held by illness.
The attested construction has disease as the subject and the afflicted person as the object.
- Lane · entry 27135
تَثَبَّطَ
To become hindered, withheld, or prevented from an affair.
A quasi-passive or reflexive Form V construction, commonly with عَنِ الأمرِ.
- Lane · entry 27136
تَثَبَّطَ
To pause or wait over an affair.
A Form V construction with عَلَى الأمرِ; it may describe stopping or waiting at the matter rather than being prevented from it.
- Lane · entry 27136
اِثْبَأْطَطَ
To hold back or hang back from an affair, relinquishing it.
An intensive or quadriliteral-looking special formation describing self-withdrawal from an intended matter.
- Lane · entry 27137
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
No Maqayis entry was supplied; the root orientation and development are therefore based on the supplied direct lexical evidence.
The single Quranic occurrence is the Form II verb ثَبَّطَ; the other derived forms are included as broader Classical Arabic evidence, not as additional Quranic forms.