Quranic root
ثبر
th · b · r
The root encompasses three principal orientations: ease or softness, ruin and loss, and persistent application.
The lexical field connects easy or soft ground and the ebbing of the sea with a separate branch of perdition, loss, and destruction, while ثابر and related forms express sustained perseverance.
- Maqāyīs · row 994
- Lane · entry 27125
- Lane · entry 27127
- 2
- Quran-attested forms
- 3
- Quran senses
- 5
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
مَثْبُور
mathbūr
- Part of speech
- Passive participle
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Ruined, destroyed, or brought to perdition; made to perish.
A Quranic passive-participle use describing a person in a state of destruction or ruin.
- Lane · entry 27132
- Mufradāt · row 197
Selected Quran examples
Quran 17:102word 15
“(you are) destroyed”
Deprived of good, overcome, or rendered unsuccessful; consequently lost or astray.
In the Quranic construction, the participle is also interpreted as driven away or outcast, punished or accursed, and as prevented from attaining what is good. An exegetical interpretation explains it as deficient in intellect, understood as a form of profound ruin.
- Lane · entry 27132
- Mufradāt · row 197
Selected Quran examples
Quran 17:102word 15
“(you are) destroyed”
ثُبُور
thubūr
- Part of speech
- Verbal noun
- Quran occurrences
- 4 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Perdition, ruin, or destruction, including loss, corruption, and being lost, especially destruction from which there is no return.
Used as an accusative verbal noun in Quranic calls for destruction or perdition. It can function as singular or plural and can express a cry of woe.
- Lane · entry 27130
- Mufradāt · row 197
Selected Quran examples
Quran 25:13word 9
“(for) destruction”
Quran 25:14word 7
“(for) destructions”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 17:102مَثْبُورًۭا(you are) destroyed
- 25:13ثُبُورًۭا(for) destruction
- 25:14ثُبُورًۭا(for) destruction
- 25:14ثُبُورًۭا(for) destructions
- 84:11ثُبُورًۭا(for) destruction
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 11 Classical meanings
ثَبَرَ
To confine, restrict, restrain, withhold, hinder, or prevent someone; to turn him away or back from something.
Transitive; the construction may restrict someone to a thing or restrain him from it.
- Lane · entry 27125
ثَبَرَ
To deny or debar someone from attaining what he desires; to disappoint or frustrate his desire or hope.
A transitive use describing frustrated attainment or unsuccessful effort.
- Lane · entry 27125
ثَبَرَ
To drive away, expel, or banish.
Transitive use describing removal from a place or group.
- Lane · entry 27125
ثَبَرَ
To curse.
A transitive use expressing imprecation or the laying of a curse.
- Lane · entry 27125
ثَبَرَ
To destroy someone with an irreversible destruction, so that he does not rise again.
Transitive use; distinct from the intransitive meaning ‘to perish.’
- Lane · entry 27125
ثَبَرَ
To perish, suffer loss, err, go astray, or become lost.
Intransitive use describing a person or thing that comes to ruin or is lost.
- Lane · entry 27125
ثَبَرَ
Of the sea: to ebb.
Used with the sea as subject; the ebb exposes ground characterized as soft or easy.
- Lane · entry 27125
ثَابَرَ
To keep to, attend to, or apply oneself constantly, perseveringly, or assiduously to something.
Commonly construed with عَلَيْهِ, ‘to it’; describes sustained application to an affair or activity.
- Lane · entry 27127
- Mufradāt · row 197
تَثَابَرَ
To leap or spring upon one another in war or combat.
Reciprocal use describing combatants attacking one another.
- Lane · entry 27128
اِثْبَارَرَ
To be heavy or sluggish and hold oneself back from something.
Used with عَنْهُ, ‘from it,’ for reluctance or sluggish withdrawal from an undertaking.
- Lane · entry 27129
ثَابِر
Suffering loss, erring, going astray, becoming lost, or perishing; a loser.
Active-participial adjective describing one undergoing loss or ruin.
- Lane · entry 27131
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
مَثْبُور in the Quranic address admits several closely related interpretations—destroyed, deprived of good, overcome, outcast or accursed, and deficient in intellect—rather than a set of unrelated lexical items.