Quranic root
ترك
t · r · k
The root centers on leaving, releasing, or withdrawing from something, whether by choice or under compulsion.
From this core develop the notions of abandonment, what is left behind as a remainder or inheritance, and things left solitary or unused. A special transitive construction means causing something to remain in a state, while derived reciprocal forms express mutual relinquishment or truce.
- Maqāyīs · row 929
- Mufradāt · row 183
- 2
- Quran-attested forms
- 5
- Quran senses
- 43
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
تَرَكَ
taraka
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form I
- Form
- I
- Quran occurrences
- 40 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To leave, forsake, relinquish, abandon, desert, or quit someone, something, or a place.
The Quranic use covers departure, abandonment, and leaving something alone or untouched; it may occur intentionally or under compulsion. Active, imperative, and passive forms express the corresponding grammatical relations.
- Lane · entry 16644
- Mufradāt · row 183
Selected Quran examples
Quran 44:24word 1
“And leave”
Quran 12:37word 17
“[I] abandon”
To leave something behind as a remainder, possession, or inheritance.
Used especially of what remains after a person’s death or departure, including property or people left behind.
- Lane · entry 16644
- Mufradāt · row 183
Selected Quran examples
Quran 4:7word 4
“(is) left”
To make or cause someone or something to be in a specified state.
A doubly transitive construction in which the object is caused to remain or become in the state expressed by the complement, as in being left in darkness.
- Lane · entry 16644
Selected Quran examples
Quran 2:17word 13
“and left them”
To leave a lasting remembrance, praise, or legacy for someone among later generations.
Especially the construction وَتَرَكْنَا عَلَيْهِ فِي الْآخِرِينَ, in which what is left is a lasting good mention or eulogy.
- Lane · entry 16644
Selected Quran examples
Quran 37:108word 1
“And We left”
تَارِك
tārik
- Part of speech
- Active participle
- Quran occurrences
- 3 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
One who leaves, forsakes, relinquishes, or abandons.
The active participle may describe a person who gives something up or leaves someone or something.
- Lane · entry 16644
- Mufradāt · row 183
Selected Quran examples
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 2:17وَتَرَكَهُمْand left them
- 2:180تَرَكَhe leaves
- 2:248تَرَكَ(was) left
- 2:264فَتَرَكَهُۥthen left it
- 4:7تَرَكَ(is) left
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 19 Classical meanings
تَرَكَ
To cease, desist, refrain from, neglect, omit, or leave an act undone.
A classical extension used with an action, duty, right, or other matter as the object; it includes leaving a right unclaimed or a prayer unit unperformed.
- Lane · entry 16644
اِتَّرَكَ
To leave nothing undone; to exert oneself fully.
A Form VIII usage in the expression فَمَا اتَّرَكَ, meaning that nothing within one’s power was omitted.
- Lane · entry 16644
تَرِكَ
To marry, taking as wife a تَرِيكَة.
The تَرِيكَة is explicitly described as a woman who has remained unmarried and virgin until middle age or long after puberty in her parents’ home.
- Lane · entry 16644
تَارَكَهُ
To mutually relinquish or leave one another unmolested; by extension, to make peace or a truce.
A Form III reciprocal or concurrent construction, including leaving an affair or commodity between the parties in its existing state.
- Lane · entry 16645
تَارَكَ
In an idiomatic expression, to preserve or prolong someone’s life.
An attributed idiomatic use in which تَارَكَ is equated with أَبْقَى, ‘to preserve’ or ‘keep alive.’
- Lane · entry 16645
تَتَارَكُوا
To mutually relinquish an affair.
A Form VI reciprocal construction referring to parties jointly giving up or leaving an affair between them.
- Lane · entry 16646
تَرْكٌ
A drinking cup or bowl carried or lifted with both hands.
A specialized nominal usage.
- Lane · entry 16648
التُّرْكُ
The Turks; Turkish.
As a collective noun it denotes the nation; تُرْكِيٌّ is the singular nisba and may also mean Turkish.
- Lane · entry 16649
تَرْكَةٌ
A woman of middling stature.
An explicitly marked figurative or assumed-tropical usage; a plural تَرَكَاتٌ is reported.
- Lane · entry 16650
تَرْكَةٌ
In a traditional expression, Hagar and Ishmael as what was left behind; the expression is explained metaphorically through an ostrich egg abandoned by its mother.
An idiomatic or metaphorical usage associated with a traditional report, not a general ordinary meaning of the noun.
- Lane · entry 16650
تَرِكَةٌ
A thing left, forsaken, or abandoned; especially the property or inheritance left by a deceased person.
The noun denotes what a person leaves behind and, in particular, the estate inherited after death.
- Lane · entry 16652
تَرَاكِ
An imperative verbal noun meaning ‘leave!’
Used as an emphatic imperative, including the repeated expression تَرَاكِ تَرَاكِ.
- Lane · entry 16653
تَرِيكَةٌ
A woman left unmarried who has remained a virgin until middle age or long after puberty in her parents’ home.
The source explicitly restricts this lexical item to a woman, not a male; its plural is تَرَائِكُ.
- Lane · entry 16655
تَرِيكَةٌ
A meadow or pasture left neglected, or reduced to remnants after grazing.
It may denote land whose depasturing has been neglected or whose vegetation has largely been consumed.
- Lane · entry 16655
تَرِيكَةٌ
Water left by a torrent.
A specialized usage for residual water after the passage of a torrent.
- Lane · entry 16655
تَرِيكَةٌ
An egg left after the young bird has emerged, especially an ostrich egg forsaken in the desert.
The term may refer to an empty egg or to an ostrich egg left solitary by the female.
- Lane · entry 16655
تَرِيكَةٌ
An iron helmet, by analogy with an abandoned egg.
An explicitly marked figurative extension based on the egg sense.
- Lane · entry 16655
تَرِيكَةٌ
A date raceme left bare after its dates or other contents have been shaken off or eaten.
A specialized agricultural usage for a raceme from which what was upon it has disappeared.
- Lane · entry 16655
تَرَائِكُ
Perpetuated conditions of hope and heedlessness in people that embolden them toward worldly pursuits.
An attributed traditional and figurative usage describing conditions maintained among mankind.
- Lane · entry 16655
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
Lane’s historical Quran citations are not treated as modern verse locations; the examples above use only independently supplied QAC locations.
Several Classical entries are derived forms or homonymous nouns and are therefore kept separate from the two Quran-attested public forms.