Quranic root
سجل
s · j · l
The root centers on something pouring forth after fullness, especially a full bucket and the water poured from it.
From the concrete image of a full bucket and pouring water, the lexicon develops meanings of abundant giving, shares distributed in turn, reciprocal competition, and things made freely available. The connection of the record-word سِجِلّ and the punishment-word سِجِّيل to this development is discussed but not uniform.
- Maqāyīs · row 2364
- Mufradāt · row 663
- Lane · entry 40305
- 2
- Quran-attested forms
- 7
- Quran senses
- 4
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
سِجِّيلٌ
sijjīlun
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 3 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Stones or lumps of baked, hard clay.
Used in Quranic descriptions of punishment. Explanations include stones of clay baked by the fire and the sense “many and hard.”
- Lane · entry 40313
- Mufradāt · row 663
Selected Quran examples
Quran 11:82word 11
“baked clay”
Quran 105:4word 4
“baked clay”
What has been written or decreed for a people as the punishment destined for them.
An alternative Quranic interpretation of مِنْ سِجِّيلٍ derives the expression from سِجِلٍّ, “what has been written or decreed.”
- Lane · entry 40313
سِجِلٌّ
sijillun
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A written document, record, or scroll.
In Quran 21:104, the expression is interpreted as folding a scroll for writing or a written record, including the record of a person's deeds.
- Lane · entry 40307
- Mufradāt · row 663
Selected Quran examples
Quran 21:104word 5
“(of) a scroll”
A writer or scribe.
Reported as an interpretation of the word in the Quranic passage 21:104 rather than of the written object itself.
- Lane · entry 40307
An angel who folds written records of human deeds.
A Quranic interpretation associated with 21:104; it identifies the referent as the angel responsible for folding such records.
- Lane · entry 40307
A man.
Reported for the interpretation of 21:104 in an alternative reading without the article, with an explanation involving an Abyssinian-language word.
- Lane · entry 40307
A dial.
Reported as another reading in interpretations of 21:104, not as the canonical QAC form.
- Lane · entry 40307
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 11:82سِجِّيلٍۢbaked clay
- 15:74سِجِّيلٍbaked clay
- 21:104ٱلسِّجِلِّ(of) a scroll
- 105:4سِجِّيلٍۢbaked clay
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 36 Classical meanings
سَجَلَ
To pour water out continuously; by extension, to recite the Qur'an continuously.
The continuous-recitation use is a derived Quranic expression cited in the lexical discussion, though no corresponding QAC verb form is present in this packet.
- Lane · entry 40299
سَجَّلَ
To write or enter a record, especially a judicial record; to decide, decree, or establish something judicially and record it.
Commonly said of a judge or decision recorded in a سِجِلّ; it may also mean securing property by judicial decision.
- Lane · entry 40300
سَجَّلَ
To make someone notorious for something or stigmatize him by it.
A figurative use of the transitive Form II verb.
- Lane · entry 40300
سَجَّلَ
To throw something down from above.
A separate Form II lexical use, with the verbal noun سَجْلٌ also reported.
- Lane · entry 40300
سَجَّلَ
To become affected by carnal appetite.
A separately reported Form II use.
- Lane · entry 40300
سَاجَلَ، تَسَاجَلَ
To vie, compete, contend for superiority, emulate, or rival one another.
The original image is two people drawing equal bucketfuls of water; the use extends to competition in running, watering, or other matters. The saying الحَرْبُ سِجَالٌ describes victory alternating between opponents.
- Lane · entry 40301
- Lane · entry 40303
اِنْسَجَلَ
To pour or flow forth.
Said especially of water that becomes poured out or flows forth.
- Lane · entry 40304
سَجْلٌ
A full or great bucket, a bucket containing water, or the quantity that fills a bucket.
An empty bucket is not called سَجْلٌ in the cited usage; the noun is treated as masculine and its plural is سِجَالٌ.
- Lane · entry 40305
سَجْلٌ
A share or portion.
The idiom الحَرْبُ سِجَالٌ presents war as an alternating distribution of portions or victories; سَجْلٌ may also mean someone's allotted share of something.
- Lane · entry 40305
سَجْلٌ
A gift or benefaction.
A metaphorical extension from a bucketful or abundant outpouring.
- Lane · entry 40305
سَجْلٌ
A bountiful or generous man.
A figurative description based on abundant giving.
- Lane · entry 40305
سَجْلٌ
A great udder.
A figurative or descriptive nominal use; the reported plural forms include سِجَالٌ and سُجُولٌ.
- Lane · entry 40305
أَسْجَلَ
To give a bucketful or two, or to give much; to abound in goodness, beneficence, and gifts.
The meanings of abundant giving and abounding in beneficence are treated as one Form IV branch.
- Lane · entry 40302
أَسْجَلَ
To fill a watering-trough or tank.
Also reported with the Form I verb سَجَلَ.
- Lane · entry 40302
أَسْجَلَ
To send forth, set loose, or free.
Said of a beast released with its mother and, in a traditional expression, of cattle being let loose.
- Lane · entry 40302
أَسْجَلَ
To leave people or leave them alone.
A distinct Form IV use.
- Lane · entry 40302
أَسْجَلَ
To make an affair free or allowable to people.
A figurative Form IV use concerning permission or unrestricted availability.
- Lane · entry 40302
أَسْجَلَ
To make speech or language unrestricted.
A figurative use concerning the removal of restriction from speech.
- Lane · entry 40302
أَسْجَلَ
To write a document or piece of writing for someone.
A Form IV writing use, with the verbal noun إِسْجَالٌ.
- Lane · entry 40302
السِّجَالُ
A ewe.
A lexical noun reported in this form.
- Lane · entry 40308
سِجَالٌ
A call used when a ewe is to be milked.
An idiomatic reduplicated expression.
- Lane · entry 40308
سَجُولٌ
A she-goat abundant in milk.
A textual correction in the cited lexicographical tradition gives this as the primary reading; a variant would yield a spring or eye abundant in water or tears.
- Lane · entry 40309
سَجِيلٌ
Large or big, especially a large bucket.
The adjective may also be used substantively for a large bucket.
- Lane · entry 40310
سَجِيلٌ
Long, pendent, or wide in reference to an udder.
One reported specification applies the wide, flaccid, pendulous description to the udder of a sheep or goat.
- Lane · entry 40310
سَجِيلَةٌ
Flaccid and wide in the scrotum, of a testicle.
An anatomical descriptive use.
- Lane · entry 40310
- Lane · entry 40311
سَجِيلٌ
Hard and strong.
A separately reported adjectival use.
- Lane · entry 40310
سَجِيلٌ
A share or portion.
Reported as an analysis of the form derived from سَجْلٌ meaning a full bucket or a share; the analysis is attributed to one authority with reservation.
- Lane · entry 40310
سَجَالَةٌ
Flaccidity and wideness in the scrotum, of a testicle.
An anatomical noun corresponding to the cited descriptive use.
- Lane · entry 40311
سِجِّيلٌ
Permanent or lasting.
A broader Classical Arabic use reported separately from the Quranic noun's physical and interpretive meanings.
- Lane · entry 40313
سَجَنْجَلٌ
A mirror, including a Chinese mirror.
The word is reported as Arabicized, with زَجَنْجَلٌ also occurring as a variant.
- Lane · entry 40314
سَجَنْجَلٌ
A piece of silver shaped like or called a mirror.
A figurative or transferred use based on the mirror term.
- Lane · entry 40314
سَجَنْجَلٌ
Gold.
A separately reported lexical use.
- Lane · entry 40314
سَجَنْجَلٌ
Saffron.
A separately reported lexical use.
- Lane · entry 40314
أَسْجَلُ
Long or large in the udder, of a she-camel.
An adjectival use applied specifically to a she-camel in the cited evidence.
- Lane · entry 40315
أَسْجَلُ
Large in the posterior parts, of a woman.
An adjectival use explicitly applied to a woman in the cited evidence.
- Lane · entry 40315
مُسْجَلٌ
Unrestricted, allowable, or open to everyone; not denied to anyone.
In a Quran-quoted explanation of 55:60, the recompense is described as applying without restriction to the righteous and the unrighteous alike. It can also describe a time or fortune when no one feared anyone.
- Lane · entry 40316
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
سِجِّيلٌ has competing lexical explanations in the Classical sources, including baked clay, hard or many stones, and what has been written or decreed; these are kept as distinct Quranic senses where materially different.
The writer, angel, man, and dial interpretations attached to سِجِلٌّ concern alternative readings or exegeses of Quran 21:104 and should not be treated as equally certain identifications of the canonical QAC form.