Quranic root
خرق
kh · r · q
The root centers on tearing, piercing, or making an opening in something.
From physical rending or penetration, the lexical range extends to traversing land, passages through which wind moves, figurative fabrication without proper basis, confusion or lack of skill, and expansive generosity.
- Maqāyīs · row 1563
- Mufradāt · row 402
- 1
- Quran-attested forms
- 3
- Quran senses
- 4
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
خَرَقَ
kharaqa
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form I
- Form
- I
- Quran occurrences
- 4 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To make a hole in, perforate, pierce, bore, slit, or tear something.
A transitive physical action; in the Quran it is used of making a hole in a ship.
- Lane · entry 18899
- Mufradāt · row 402
Selected Quran examples
Quran 18:71word 7
“he made a hole in it”
Quran 18:71word 9
“Have you made a hole in it”
To cut across or traverse the earth, or to pierce it through toward its far side.
In the Quranic expression خَرْقُ الأَرْضِ, the usage is explained both as traversing the earth and as boring through it; the wording should not be reduced to a simple garment-tearing sense.
- Lane · entry 18899
- Mufradāt · row 402
Selected Quran examples
Quran 17:37word 8
“tear”
To fabricate or falsely attribute something; to forge a claim without knowledge.
In the Quran, the object is an invented attribution of sons and daughters to God.
- Lane · entry 18899
- Mufradāt · row 402
Selected Quran examples
Quran 6:100word 6
“and they falsely attribute”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 6:100وَخَرَقُوا۟and they falsely attribute
- 17:37تَخْرِقَtear
- 18:71خَرَقَهَا ۖhe made a hole in it
- 18:71أَخَرَقْتَهَاHave you made a hole in it
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 61 Classical meanings
خَرَقَ
Of wind, to pass along or blow.
A tropical usage describing the movement of wind.
- Lane · entry 18899
خَرِقَ
Of a sheep, to have a round hole or perforation in its ear.
A verb describing the condition of the animal's ear.
- Lane · entry 18899
خَرِقَ
To remain in a house or tent without leaving it.
A conventional intransitive construction.
- Lane · entry 18899
خَرِقَ
Of a hunted gazelle or bird, to become so frightened that it cannot flee, rise, or fly, and clings to the ground.
The meaning is specifically described for frightened game animals and birds.
- Lane · entry 18899
خَرِقَ
To become bewildered, perplexed, or unable to see the right course; to lose one's composure or intellect through fear, shame, anxiety, or distress.
In the idiom وَقَعَ فَخَرِقَ, the expression is reported to mean that someone fell down dead.
- Lane · entry 18899
خَرِقَ
To be rough, ungentle, clumsy, awkward, unskilled, foolish, or deficient in understanding.
Used of conduct, workmanship, handling affairs, or practical skill.
- Lane · entry 18899
خَرَّقَ
To make holes in or tear something extensively, in several or many places.
Form II gives an intensive sense relative to خَرَقَ; commonly used of cloth and similar things.
- Lane · entry 18900
خَرَّقَ
To lie or falsely attribute something repeatedly or emphatically.
A reported Quranic reading of 6:100 uses this intensified form, distinct from the QAC-attested Form I group.
- Lane · entry 18900
أَخْرَقَ
To cause someone to become confounded or perplexed, so that he cannot see the right course or is deprived of reason.
Causative Form IV usage.
- Lane · entry 18901
تَخَرَّقَ
To become perforated, pierced, cut, slit, or torn in several or many places.
A quasi-passive or middle construction, especially of garments and similar objects.
- Lane · entry 18902
تَخَرَّقَ
To become wide or expanded.
An extended Form V usage.
- Lane · entry 18902
تَخَرَّقَ
To take a wide or ample range in liberality, bounty, or munificence; to be profuse in generosity.
A figurative construction with في السخاء and related expressions.
- Lane · entry 18902
اِنْخَرَقَ
Of wind, to blow irregularly rather than in one uniform direction.
A tropical usage applied to wind moving through a wide country.
- Lane · entry 18903
اِخْتَرَقَ
To pass through, over, or across; to traverse land without following a road; or to enter through the midst of something.
The same construction can describe making a mosque or house into a thoroughfare, entering among people, or wind passing through trees.
- Lane · entry 18904
خَرْقٌ
A hole or perforation; also a portion of something that has been pierced, slit, rent, or torn.
Used of garments, walls, ears, and similar objects; plural خُرُوقٌ.
- Lane · entry 18906
خَرْقٌ
A far-extending desert or wide tract of land, especially one through which winds pass irregularly.
A geographical noun; plural خُرُوقٌ.
- Lane · entry 18906
خَرْقٌ
A plant resembling القُسْط and having leaves.
A separately attested botanical noun.
- Lane · entry 18906
خُرْقٌ
Roughness, ungentleness, clumsiness, awkwardness, unskilfulness, foolishness, or ignorance.
An abstract noun opposed to رِفْقٌ; it can also denote deficient understanding.
- Lane · entry 18907
خُرْقٌ
In نَوْمَةُ الخُرْقِ, the sleep taken during the forenoon.
A conventional idiomatic expression.
- Lane · entry 18907
خُرْقٌ
The vulva of a she-camel.
An anatomical noun.
- Lane · entry 18907
خِرْقٌ
A liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous person.
A figurative usage associated with expansiveness in generosity.
- Lane · entry 18908
خِرْقٌ
A young man excellent or distinguished in mind, manners, address, speech, appearance, or courage, especially with a generous disposition.
A personal descriptor whose positive qualities include generosity and excellence.
- Lane · entry 18908
خِرْقٌ
Of a spear, highly esteemed, prized, excellent, or rare.
A specialized epithet for a valued spear.
- Lane · entry 18908
خَرِقٌ
A young gazelle or similar animal frightened while hunted and unable to rise or flee; likewise a frightened or impatient bird unable to fly.
An adjectival noun describing immobilization from fright.
- Lane · entry 18910
خَرِقٌ
A person confounded, perplexed, amazed, or deprived of reason through fear or shame.
A personal adjective; see also the corresponding Form I and Form IV verbal usages.
- Lane · entry 18910
خَرِقٌ
Ashes, so called because they remain clinging to the ground after the people have departed.
A lexicalized noun usage.
- Lane · entry 18910
خِرْقَةٌ
A piece or torn-off portion of a garment or cloth; a rag or patched garment.
The expression for a devotee's ragged garment is reported, with that particular application noted as probably postclassical; plural خِرَقٌ.
- Lane · entry 18913
خِرْقَةٌ
A portion of a swarm of locusts, smaller than a رِجْل.
A collective-unit usage.
- Lane · entry 18913
خَرِيقٌ
A womb rent by a fetus and consequently unable to conceive afterward; also a she-camel with such a womb.
A specialized anatomical and animal term.
- Lane · entry 18915
خَرِيقٌ
Of a well, having its side or lateral part broken from the water upward.
A specialized description of the structure of a well.
- Lane · entry 18915
خَرِيقٌ
A shallow water channel that is not without trees.
A geographical noun.
- Lane · entry 18915
خَرِيقٌ
The place where a valley expands as it comes to an end.
A geographical noun describing a valley's widening terminus.
- Lane · entry 18915
خَرِيقٌ
A low or depressed tract of land containing herbage.
A geographical noun; plural خُرُقٌ.
- Lane · entry 18915
خَرِيقٌ
Hard ground.
A separately attested geographical sense.
- Lane · entry 18915
خَرِيقٌ
A violent, cold, or irregular wind; in some reports, a wind that returns, blows for a long time, or even blows gently.
The sources preserve several descriptions, including contrasting ones; the term is applied to wind understood as penetrating or tearing through the air.
- Lane · entry 18915
خُرَّقٌ
A small bird that clings to the ground, identified variously as a bird smaller than a lark or as a kind of sparrow.
A bird name; plural خَرَارِقُ.
- Lane · entry 18916
خَارِقٌ
A sharp or cutting sword.
An adjectival epithet for a sword.
- Lane · entry 18918
خَارِقٌ
An event that breaks through or infringes the usual course of nature.
A conventional expression for an extraordinary or miraculous event.
- Lane · entry 18918
خَارِقٌ
Profound or penetrating in learning or science.
A later usage explicitly marked as belonging to present-day language.
- Lane · entry 18918
أَخْرَقُ
Of a ewe, having a round perforation in its ear; of an ear, perforated or bored.
The feminine form خَرْقَاءُ is used for the ewe and the ear.
- Lane · entry 18919
أَخْرَقُ
Of a camel, placing its toe on the ground before the sole of its foot; of a she-camel, failing to place the hind feet where the forefeet were placed.
A specialized description of camel gait, associated in the source with a generous quality.
- Lane · entry 18919
أَخْرَقُ
A rough, ungentle, clumsy, awkward, unskilled, foolish, or ignorant man.
Used of practical work, handicraft, management, or deficient understanding; feminine خَرْقَاءُ.
- Lane · entry 18919
خَرْقَاءُ
A hard or difficult journey.
A conventional descriptive expression, رِحْلَةٌ خَرْقَاءُ.
- Lane · entry 18919
مَخْرَقٌ
A stone at the inner end of a watering trough, used as a standing place for drawing water.
A specialized object associated with a watering trough.
- Lane · entry 18920
مَخْرِقٌ
An orifice of the body, such as the mouth, nose, ear, or anus.
The plural مَخَارِقُ is more commonly reported than the singular.
- Lane · entry 18921
مُخْرَقٌ
Confounded or deprived of reason; by extension, silent.
Passive participial adjective of Form IV with a lexicalized extension.
- Lane · entry 18922
غَيْرُ مُخْرِقٍ
Of a road, not causing a traveller to become confounded or lose the right course.
A fixed negative construction applied to a road.
- Lane · entry 18923
مِخْرَاقٌ
A twisted kerchief, bundle of rags, inflated skin, or wooden sword used as a toy for striking in play.
The term is connected with the idea of rending the air; in a traditional expression, lightning is called the angels' instruments for driving the clouds.
- Lane · entry 18924
مِخْرَاقٌ
A garment or piece of cloth.
A separately reported nominal usage.
- Lane · entry 18924
مِخْرَاقٌ
A sword.
A tropical or extended nominal usage distinct from the toy implement.
- Lane · entry 18924
مِخْرَاقٌ
A man handsome or well formed in body or appearance.
An adjectival personal usage.
- Lane · entry 18924
مِخْرَاقٌ
A person who escapes or extricates himself from difficult situations.
An extended personal descriptor.
- Lane · entry 18924
مِخْرَاقٌ
A person skilled in managing affairs.
A personal descriptor of practical resourcefulness.
- Lane · entry 18924
مِخْرَاقٌ
A wild bull that traverses far-extending districts or escapes pursuing dogs.
A specialized animal name explained through the root's movement sense.
- Lane · entry 18924
مِخْرَاقٌ
A man who engages actively in wars or fights.
A specialized personal descriptor.
- Lane · entry 18924
مَخْرُوقٌ
A person denied prosperity or good fortune, into whose hand wealth does not fall.
The expression مَخْرُوقُ الكَفِّ means one who gains or obtains nothing.
- Lane · entry 18925
مُخْرَوْرِقٌ
A person who goes around camels, urges them, and actively manages them with skill.
A specialized personal descriptor of camel management.
- Lane · entry 18926
مُخْتَرَقٌ
A passage or place of passing; by extension, a country or district wide or far-extending enough to traverse.
A passive participial noun of Form VIII.
- Lane · entry 18927
مُخْتَرَقٌ
A place through which winds pass or blow.
A conventional geographical construction, مُخْتَرَقُ الرِّيَاحِ.
- Lane · entry 18927
مُنْخَرِقٌ
Having clothing rent or torn, especially through long travel.
A passive participial adjective applied to a person or to clothing.
- Lane · entry 18930
مُنْخَرِقٌ
Quick or swift.
An extended adjectival usage.
- Lane · entry 18930
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Quranic expression in 17:37 supports both the sense of traversing the earth and the interpretation of boring through it; these are retained within one Quran-attested constructional sense.
Lane reports an alternative Quranic reading with Form II خَرَّقُوا in 6:100, but the supplied QAC form group is Form I خَرَقُوا.
The Classical term خَرِيقٌ for wind is reported with several descriptions, including contrasting ones such as violent and gentle; this variation is preserved rather than forced into a single physical profile.