Quranic root
عرش
ʿ · r · sh
The root centers on elevation in a constructed or supported thing, with extensions to roofs, trellises, seats, authority, and other elevated or supporting structures.
From building and securing a raised structure, the root develops into terms for roofed shelters, vine trellises, royal or divine authority, structural support, and several figurative or anatomical applications.
- Maqāyīs · row 3178
- 3
- Quran-attested forms
- 6
- Quran senses
- 33
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
عَرَشَ
ʿarasha
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form I
- Form
- I
- Quran occurrences
- 2 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To build, construct, or erect a structure.
In the Quranic occurrences, the verb describes people constructing or erecting what they build; the lexical usage is associated with raised or roof-like construction, including supporting structures.
- Lane · entry 2756
- Mufradāt · row 963
Selected Quran examples
Quran 7:137word 29
“erect”
Quran 16:68word 13
“they construct”
عَرْشٌ
ʿarshun
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 29 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A roof or roofed covering of a structure.
The plural عُرُوش occurs in the Quranic description of ruined buildings; the expression may describe roofs that have collapsed, with the walls subsequently falling upon them.
- Lane · entry 2761
- Mufradāt · row 963
Selected Quran examples
Quran 2:259word 9
“its roofs”
A corner, angle, or strong supporting side of a structure.
This is an alternative lexical interpretation of the Quranic expression خَاوِيَةٌ عَلَىٰ عُرُوشِهَا, distinct from the interpretation referring to roofs.
- Lane · entry 2761
Selected Quran examples
Quran 2:259word 9
“its roofs”
A throne or elevated seat of a king or ruler.
Used in Quranic accounts of royal authority, including the throne of Joseph's parents and the throne of the Queen of Sheba; it may metonymically evoke a ruler's elevated status.
- Lane · entry 2761
- Mufradāt · row 963
Selected Quran examples
Quran 12:100word 4
“the throne”
Quran 27:23word 10
“(is) a throne”
The transcendent divine ʿArsh, a reality associated with God that is not definable in human physical terms.
Used in Quranic expressions concerning God's ʿArsh, including descriptions of its relation to the waters and divine epithets such as ذو العرش. The lexical discussion explicitly distinguishes this usage from a material support for God.
- Lane · entry 2761
- Mufradāt · row 963
Selected Quran examples
Quran 69:17word 5
“(the) Throne”
مَعْرُوشٌ
maʿrūshun
- Part of speech
- Passive participle
- Quran occurrences
- 2 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Trellised; furnished with or trained upon a raised support.
The Quranic form is a feminine plural passive participle describing cultivated plants, contrasting with plants that are not trellised; the support is understood as a structure such as a vine trellis.
- Lane · entry 2766
- Mufradāt · row 963
Selected Quran examples
Quran 6:141word 5
“trellised”
Quran 6:141word 7
“trellised”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 2:259عُرُوشِهَاits roofs
- 6:141مَّعْرُوشَـٰتٍۢtrellised
- 6:141مَعْرُوشَـٰتٍۢtrellised
- 7:54ٱلْعَرْشِthe Throne
- 7:137يَعْرِشُونَerect
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 27 Classical meanings
عَرْشٌ
A booth, shed, or roofed structure made for shade, commonly of canes, reeds, or palm sticks.
Includes temporary or simple structures used as shelters; the plural forms include عُرُوش and related plural patterns.
- Lane · entry 2761
عَرْشٌ
A house, dwelling, or building, including a building of palace-like form.
A broader application of the term to a place of abode or constructed building.
- Lane · entry 2761
عَرَشَ
To case or line a well with wood, especially after securing its lower part with stones.
Describes the construction of a wooden casing in the upper or remaining part of a well.
- Lane · entry 2756
عَرَشَ
To strike someone at the base of the neck.
A specialized verbal construction with the person as object and the neck base as the place struck.
- Lane · entry 2756
عَرَّشَ
To roof or raise a building, or to make a trellis and train a vine's shoots upon it.
The derived verb may describe roofing a house, constructing an ʿarsh or ʿarīsh, raising vine shoots onto supports, or bending the supports over which they are trained.
- Lane · entry 2757
عَرَّشَ
Of a bird, to rise and shade what is beneath it with its wings.
A derived, figurative or specialized use applied to a bird's wing-spreading posture.
- Lane · entry 2757
تَعَرَّشَ
To pitch a tent or tents.
A Form V intransitive construction referring to establishing a tented shelter.
- Lane · entry 2759
تَعَرَّشَ
To become fixed, settled, or established in a country or town.
A conventional extension from taking up a settled shelter or position.
- Lane · entry 2759
اِعْتَرَشَ
To make or take an ʿarīsh for oneself.
The Form VIII construction indicates acquiring or providing oneself with a shelter or trellis-like structure.
- Lane · entry 2760
اِعْتَرَشَ
For grapes or shoots, to mount or spread upon a trellis.
Used in an intransitive construction with grapes or branches rising onto the supporting structure.
- Lane · entry 2760
عَرْشٌ
A wooden structure at a well, including the platform, shade, or casing used at its mouth.
The term may refer to the wood on which the water-drawer stands, a structure forming shade at the wellhead, or wooden casing above a stone-lined lower section.
- Lane · entry 2761
عَرِيشٌ / عَرْشٌ
A trellis or elevated wooden structure on which a grapevine spreads.
Typically made of sticks or pieces of wood shaped like a roof; عَرِيشٌ is the more common designation, while عَرْشٌ is also attested.
- Lane · entry 2761
- Lane · entry 2763
عَرْشُ السِّمَاكِ / عَرْشُ الجَوْزَاءِ
A named group or seat of stars in traditional Arab astronomy.
Includes the stellar group called the seat of al-Simāk and the group called the seat of al-Jawzāʾ.
- Lane · entry 2761
عَرْشٌ
A bier for carrying a corpse.
Attested in the expression concerning the bier associated with the death of Saʿd ibn Muʿādh.
- Lane · entry 2761
عَرْشٌ
A bird's nest built in a tree.
A figurative or assumed figurative application, apparently based on resemblance to a booth or shelter.
- Lane · entry 2761
عَرْشٌ
The head or chief who manages and regulates the affairs of a people or group.
A figurative use likening the manager of affairs to the supporting or governing structure of a house.
- Lane · entry 2761
عَرْشٌ
A supporting basis, power, authority, or sovereignty.
In expressions such as ثُلَّ عَرْشُهُ, the loss or collapse of one's ʿarsh signifies loss of support, strength, power, or standing.
- Lane · entry 2761
عَرْشٌ
The prominent upper part of the foot between the prominent ankle bone and the toes.
The lower surface of the foot is distinguished by another term; attested plurals include أَعْرَاش and عِرَشَة.
- Lane · entry 2761
عُرْشٌ / عُرْشَانِ
The base or lateral muscles, tissues, or structures of the neck.
The dual عُرْشَانِ is variously applied to the two elongated portions at the sides or base of the neck, associated with the vertebrae or nearby vessels.
- Lane · entry 2762
عُرْشٌ
The ear, or the two ears.
A figurative use explained by proximity to the neck structures called the ʿurshān.
- Lane · entry 2762
عُرْشٌ
The extremity of the hair of a horse's mane.
A specialized zoological use of the singular form.
- Lane · entry 2762
عُرْشٌ
A bulky she-camel with a large chest or sides.
The form is explained by comparison with a chest or body enclosed like a well.
- Lane · entry 2762
عَرِيشٌ
A structure resembling a woman's howdah, in which she sits on a camel.
Distinguished from a true howdah in some descriptions but similar in form; the name is explained by resemblance to a vine trellis.
- Lane · entry 2763
عَرِيشٌ
An enclosure for livestock made to protect them from cold.
A specialized shelter or pen of the type called حَظِيرَة.
- Lane · entry 2763
عُرُوشَاتٌ
Grapevines.
A lexicalized plural designation for vines associated with trellises.
- Lane · entry 2765
مَعْرُوشَةٌ
A well cased with a wooden ʿarsh.
A passive participial description of a well whose upper or relevant section has been secured with the specified wooden structure.
- Lane · entry 2766
مَعْرُوشٌ
A camel large in the sides.
A specialized descriptive use of the passive participial form.
- Lane · entry 2766
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The divine ʿArsh is described in the supplied lexical evidence as a transcendent reality not physically definable by human conceptions; the English gloss “throne” should not be taken to imply a material support.
The supplied Lane text records عَمْشُ الثريا in one astronomical subunit, rather than the expected عرشُ الثريا; that stellar attribution is therefore left unresolved.
Unassigned or ambiguous evidence
lane-unit:Er$:2761:g1:sub11 is materially lexical but its headword is written عَمْشُ الثريا in the supplied text, making its assignment to the root عرش uncertain.