عذر

عَذَرَ

To excuse, exculpate, or clear someone from blame; to accept his excuse.

May be construed with the person excused and with the matter for which or from which he is excused.

• Lane · entry 2516

عَذَرَ

To be so faulty or sinful that the person who punishes him is considered excusable.

A distinct Form I use describing conduct that makes punishment warranted.

• Lane · entry 2516

عَذَرَ

To aid or assist someone against an enemy.

A conventional Form I use, distinct from the excuse sense.

• Lane · entry 2516

عَذَرَ

To cut or cut off.

The verbal meaning associated with the cutting branch of the root.

• Lane · entry 2516

عَذَرَ / أَعْذَرَ

To circumcise.

Used of a boy and, less commonly, of a girl; the corresponding noun also denotes circumcision.

• Lane · entry 2516
• Lane · entry 2519
• Lane · entry 2526

عَذَرَ

To put a cheek-strap or bridle on a horse, or to attach a cheek-strap to a bridle.

The object is the عِذَار, the part of a bridle extending along the cheek or cheeks.

• Lane · entry 2516

عَذَرَ / أَعْذَرَ

To make a mark or brand, especially at the place of a cheek-strap; figuratively, to mark someone with blame.

Includes branding or cauterizing an animal and related expressions of leaving a visible mark.

• Lane · entry 2516
• Lane · entry 2519
• Lane · entry 2531

عَذَرَ

To cause someone to suffer the throat ailment called عُذْرَة; to be affected by it.

A bodily-condition use, not an excuse meaning.

• Lane · entry 2516

عَذَّرَ

To prepare or invite people to a feast, especially a feast associated with circumcision or another joyful occasion.

The feast may be called إِعْذَار or عِذَار.

• Lane · entry 2517

عَذَّرَ

To brand a camel with a mark different from another camel's so that they can be distinguished.

A marking use of the intensive Form II.

• Lane · entry 2517

عَذَّرَ

Of a boy, for the hair of the cheek or sideburn to grow.

Refers to hair growing in the place of the عِذَار.

• Lane · entry 2517

عَذَّرَ

To efface the traces of a house or dwelling.

A Form II use concerning the removal of visible remains.

• Lane · entry 2517

عَذَّرَ

To defile or besmear something with human ordure.

The object is a thing made dirty with عَذِرَة.

• Lane · entry 2517

أَعْذَرَ

To become excusable, to provide an excuse, or to do what leaves one without blame.

Also used for manifesting or pleading an excuse, exceeding the usual bounds in establishing one, or taking extraordinary pains so as to be excused.

• Lane · entry 2519

أَعْذَرَ

To obtain one's due or right from another, or to undertake to excuse one's conduct.

A conventional Form IV use interpreted either as obtaining justice or as arranging an excuse, depending on context.

• Lane · entry 2519

أَعْذَرَ

To be remiss or deficient while making it appear that one is doing the opposite.

A reported contrary-looking Form IV use, related to feigning an excuse without fulfilling the obligation.

• Lane · entry 2519

أَعْذَرَ

To make a mark by beating, striking, or otherwise leaving a scar.

Used of a person, back, house, or share when a visible mark is produced.

• Lane · entry 2519

أَعْذَرَ

To void ordure; of a house, to contain much human ordure.

A bodily or environmental use distinct from the excuse branch.

• Lane · entry 2519

تَعَذَّرَ

To draw back, hold back, remain behind, flee, or withhold oneself from aiding.

The use may describe withdrawal because of an exculpating cause or abstention from assistance.

• Lane · entry 2520

تَعَذَّرَ

To become difficult, resistant, impracticable, or impossible.

Commonly said of an affair that does not proceed directly or easily.

• Lane · entry 2520
• Lane · entry 2531

تَعَذَّرَ

Of traces or relics, to become effaced or altered and effaced.

Used especially of the remains of dwellings or places of settlement.

• Lane · entry 2520

تَعَذَّرَ

To become defiled or besmeared with human ordure.

A passive or intransitive environmental use.

• Lane · entry 2520

اِعْتَذَرَ

To fail to adduce an excuse.

A reported contrary Form VIII use; it is distinct from the ordinary use of presenting an excuse.

• Lane · entry 2521

اِعْتَذَرَ

To complain of someone or something.

Construed with مِنْ in the cited usage.

• Lane · entry 2521

اِعْتَذَرَ

Of waters, to stop, cease, or become cut off.

An intransitive Form VIII use.

• Lane · entry 2521

اِعْتَذَرَ

To arrange a turban so that its two ends hang down behind.

A conventional clothing-related use.

• Lane · entry 2521

اِعْتَذَرَ

To devirginate.

An anatomical use distinct from the ordinary excuse sense.

• Lane · entry 2521

اِسْتَعْذَرَ

To ask or seek to be excused, or to ask another to undertake one's excuse before retaliation or punishment.

Often used in a construction with مِنْ and in requests for intervention before acting against someone.

• Lane · entry 2522

عُذْر

A state or action by which one seeks to be excusable when carrying out a deserved punishment or other difficult act.

Appears in the conventional expression لَا نُذْرَاكَ, glossed as doing what makes one excusable rather than merely warning.

• Lane · entry 2523

عُذْر

Success, attainment of one's aim, or victory in a contest or battle.

A distinct noun sense used in asking whose success or victory belongs to someone.

• Lane · entry 2523

عَذِرٌ

Of a dwelling, having many traces or relics remaining.

An adjectival description of a house or settlement.

• Lane · entry 2524

عَذِرٌ

Of land, not yielding herbage freely, or producing growth that soon withers.

A specialized description of unproductive land.

• Lane · entry 2524

عُذْرَة

Virginity, the maidenhead, or the hymen; also the act of devirgination.

The same lexical family may refer to the state, its anatomical sign, or its removal.

• Lane · entry 2526

عُذْرَة

The first author or originator of something, especially in the idiom “the father of” a devirgination or a saying.

A figurative extension of being the first person to perform or produce something.

• Lane · entry 2526

عُذْرَة

The external female genital part at which circumcision is performed, or the prepuce of a boy.

An anatomical sense associated with the part that is cut in circumcision.

• Lane · entry 2526

عُذْرَة

A sign, mark, or token.

Includes a token attached to a horse's forelock as a distinguishing or protective mark.

• Lane · entry 2526

عُذْرَة

A lock or tuft of hair on a horse, including the forelock, mane, or hair on the withers.

The authorities differ over the exact part of the horse's hair intended.

• Lane · entry 2526

العُذْرَة

A group or star associated with the intense heat of its heliacal rising.

Astronomical identification varies in the cited descriptions.

• Lane · entry 2526

العُذْرَة

A painful swelling or ailment of the throat near the uvula.

The term may denote either the ailment itself or the place in the throat where it occurs, especially in children.

• Lane · entry 2526

عَذِرَة

Human dung or ordure.

This is the primary concrete sense in the cited lexical discussion.

• Lane · entry 2528

عَذِرَة

The court or yard of a house; by extension, a place where people sit in that court.

The sense is explained from the practice of throwing ordure into the courtyard; the idiom بَرِيءُ العَذِرَةِ means clear of disgrace.

• Lane · entry 2528

عَذِرَة

The worst refuse removed from grain or other food when it is cleaned.

A specialized material sense.

• Lane · entry 2528

عَذْرَاء

A virgin woman or girl; by extension, something untouched or unused.

The adjective is used as an epithet and can describe an unbored pearl or sand on which no one has trodden.

• Lane · entry 2530

العَذْرَاء

The constellation or zodiacal sign Virgo.

A conventional astronomical name.

• Lane · entry 2530

العَذَارَى

A named group of stars.

A plural astronomical use related to the star terminology of عُذْرَة.

• Lane · entry 2530

أَصَابِعُ العَذَارَى

A kind of long black grape resembling the dyed fingers of virgins.

A conventional plant or food name.

• Lane · entry 2530

العَذْرَاء

A newly used collar, restraint, or iron instrument for confining or torturing a person.

Includes an instrument placed around the throat or neck to force a confession.

• Lane · entry 2530

العَذْرَاء

A name for the Prophet's City, al-Madīnah.

The name is explained by its not having been abased.

• Lane · entry 2530

عِذَار

The cheek-strap or cheek-straps of a bridle, and by extension a halter or related headstall.

The exact configuration varies between descriptions: it may mean one cheek-strap, both cheek-straps, or the corresponding part of a halter.

• Lane · entry 2531

عِذَار

Restraint, shame, or obedience, especially in idioms for determination or throwing off restraint.

Expressions such as خَلَعَ عِذَارَهُ describe abandoning shame or obedience and persisting in error.

• Lane · entry 2531

عِذَار

The side of the beard or the hair growing in the cheek area in front of the ear.

The term may denote the beard line, either side of the beard, or the corresponding facial area.

• Lane · entry 2531

عِذَار

The cheek or the place occupied by the cheek-strap.

A body-part use derived from the bridle sense.

• Lane · entry 2531

عِذَار

A brand or mark made with a hot iron in the place of the cheek-strap.

Used especially of marks on camels or similar animals.

• Lane · entry 2531

عِذَار

Either sharp edge of the iron head of an arrow, spear, or similar weapon.

The two edges together may be called the dual عِذَارَانِ.

• Lane · entry 2531

عِذَار

Either side or edge of a road, valley, or wall.

A spatial edge or boundary sense.

• Lane · entry 2531

عِذَار

A row of trees or palm trees.

A collective linear-landscape use.

• Lane · entry 2531

عِذَار

An elongated tract of sand, or one of two such tracts or roads.

The cited poetic interpretation allows either elongated sand ridges or corresponding roads.

• Lane · entry 2531

عِذَار

A rugged tract of ground or sand lying across a wide plain.

A terrain description distinct from the narrower road-edge sense.

• Lane · entry 2531

عِذَار

Resistance or refusal.

Explained as a noun associated with تَعَذُّر.

• Lane · entry 2531

عَذِير

An excuser, advocate, aider, or assistant against an enemy.

The expression مَنْ عَذِيرِي asks who will excuse, defend, or assist the speaker before retaliation.

• Lane · entry 2532

عَذِير

A state, purpose, or action one seeks and for which one would be excusable.

Used in poetic speech for an intended journey or undertaking.

• Lane · entry 2532

عَذِيرَة

A disposition to excuse; willingness to pardon.

The expression مَا عِنْدَهُمْ عَذِيرَةٌ means that they do not excuse.

• Lane · entry 2533

عَذِيرَة

A reported synonym of a word meaning pleasant, good, or well-provided.

The identification is reported tentatively in the cited lexicographical material.

• Lane · entry 2533

عَذَوَّر

Evil-tempered, vehement, or clamorous in disposition and command.

An intensive descriptive adjective; the explanation connects it figuratively with needing an excuse for wrongdoing.

• Lane · entry 2534

عَذَوَّر

Of an ass, wide in the belly or chest and strongly biting or lewd.

An animal-specific adjectival use.

• Lane · entry 2534

عَذَوَّر

Of dominion, broad, ample, or strong.

A figurative descriptive use applied to sovereignty or rule.

• Lane · entry 2534

عَذَوَّر

Agile or brisk.

Reported in additional lexicographical and poetic authorities.

• Lane · entry 2534

عَاذِر

A scar or mark left by a wound, rain, or another impact.

Used of something that leaves a visible trace upon a person or object.

• Lane · entry 2535

العَاذِر

The vein from which blood of irregular menstruation flows.

The form may be a dialectal variant or a case of altered pronunciation; the cited discussion also connects it with an excuse for the woman.

• Lane · entry 2535

عَاذُور

A line-like brand or mark made with a hot iron.

A specialized branding noun.

• Lane · entry 2537

العَاذُور

The part cut off from the female circumcision site.

An anatomical noun associated with the place called عُذْرَة.

• Lane · entry 2537

إِعْذَار

A feast or repast prepared for a circumcision, a joyful event, completion of a building, or acquisition of something new.

The circumcision feast is the most common cited use, while other celebratory occasions are also recorded.

• Lane · entry 2539

مِعْذَار

A plea, allegation, or argument offered as an excuse; in a Yemeni usage, a veil or covering.

The plural is associated with the Quranic interpretation of مَعَاذِير as either pleas or coverings over offenses.

• Lane · entry 2545

مَعْذُور

Excused, cleared, exempted from blame, or exculpated.

The passive-participial adjective describes one for whom an excuse has been accepted or established.

• Lane · entry 2546

مَعْذُورَة

A woman experiencing irregular menstruation.

A specialized feminine use, explained as a woman excused from certain obligations.

• Lane · entry 2546

مَعْذُور

Circumcised.

A specialized passive-participial use.

• Lane · entry 2546

مَعْذُور

Of a camel, branded with the mark called عِذَار.

An animal-specific passive-participial use.

• Lane · entry 2546

مَعْذُور

Affected by the throat ailment called عُذْرَة.

A bodily-condition use, especially of a child.

• Lane · entry 2546

مُعْتَذِر

One who excuses himself or offers a plea, whether the plea is truthful or not.

The form is contrasted with مُعَذِّر for one who falls short and feigns an excuse; the cited Quranic reading discussion is not treated as a separate canonical QAC form.

• Lane · entry 2548