Quranic root
قضض
q · ḍ · ḍ
The root is organized around three semantic orientations: downward falling, rough or gritty material, and piercing or boring through something.
These orientations extend to collapse and downward darting, pebbles, dust, and broken fragments, as well as perforation and defloration; derived forms also develop related senses of forceful rushing and dispersal.
- Maqāyīs · row 3795
- Mufradāt · row 1188
- 1
- Quran-attested forms
- 1
- Quran senses
- 1
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
اِنْقَضَّ
āinqaḍḍa
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form VII
- Form
- VII
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To break apart or collapse; of a wall, to be on the point of falling down.
The Quranic occurrence describes a wall threatening to collapse, in the construction يريد أن ينقض.
- Lane · entry 8497
- Mufradāt · row 1188
Selected Quran examples
Quran 18:77word 17
“collapse”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 18:77يَنقَضَّcollapse
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 24 Classical meanings
قَضَّ
To bore or perforate a pearl or a piece of wood; also, to break through a pearl’s shell so as to expose and extract it.
Form I; the pearl construction قَضَّ دُرَّةً is specifically attested.
- Lane · entry 8494
قَضَّ
To break, bray, crush, or smash something into pieces; also to demolish a wall, break the limbs or bones of prey, or sever a side from the backbone.
Form I transitive usage, including forceful breaking and separation.
- Lane · entry 8494
قَضَّ
To send, impel, or disperse horses or horsemen against someone.
An extended Form I usage with horses or horsemen as the subject or object of attack.
- Lane · entry 8494
قَضَّ
To pull out a wooden pin, peg, or stake.
The object is a wooden peg or stake.
- Lane · entry 8494
قَضَّ
To put something dry or hard, especially sugar or sugar-candy, into sawīq; by extension, to put much sugar into it.
A specialized Form I culinary usage with sawīq, parched-barley meal or gruel.
- Lane · entry 8494
قَضَّ
To encounter or contain pebbles or dust in or upon something, so that they trouble the teeth; of a bed, to be rough or dusty; figuratively, of anxiety, to cause disquiet.
Form I usage is attested of food, flesh, places, beds, and figuratively of grief or anxiety.
- Lane · entry 8494
أَقْضَضَ
To make a bed or lying place rough and dusty, or to leave a thing covered with small pebbles.
Form IV; the verb may be transitive or describe the resulting condition of the bed or object.
- Lane · entry 8495
اِنْقَضَّ
To crack without falling, become cut into pieces, or, of connections, become sundered.
A Classical Form VII extension distinct from the Quranic wall-collapse use; it includes broken connections and objects divided into pieces.
- Lane · entry 8497
اِنْقَضَّ
To dart or dive swiftly downward in flight to alight upon something.
Extended usage said of a bird, especially in a pouncing or stooping movement.
- Lane · entry 8497
اِنْقَضَّ
To dart or drop down, said of a star or asterism.
Figurative or extended usage applied to a celestial body.
- Lane · entry 8497
اِنْقَضَّ
To rush swiftly against someone; of horses or horsemen, also to disperse themselves against them.
Extended usage with horses or horsemen as the subject.
- Lane · entry 8497
اِقْتَضَّ
To deflower or remove a person’s virginity.
Form VIII transitive usage; the lexical definition concerns defloration without restricting the object by age or gender.
- Lane · entry 8498
اِقْتَضَّ
To open the head or mouth of a waterskin.
An extended Form VIII usage with a waterskin as object.
- Lane · entry 8498
اِسْتَقْضَضَ
To find one’s bed or lying place rough and uncomfortable.
Form X usage describing the experiencer’s perception of the bed.
- Lane · entry 8499
اِسْتَقْضَضَ
To find grief or anxiety disquieting.
Figurative Form X usage with grief or anxiety as the source of distress.
- Lane · entry 8499
تَقَضْقَضَ
To break or become broken into pieces; of a group, to separate or disperse.
Lane’s R.Q. II form, including usage said of a company of people.
- Lane · entry 8501
قَضٌّ
A place or land containing small pebbles or dust; by extension, pebbly or stony ground, including low sandy ground beside harder elevated ground; also something, such as food or a garment, having dust in or upon it.
Nominal usage describing terrain or objects marked by pebbles or dust.
- Lane · entry 8502
قَضَّةٌ
The dawn-setting of a star or asterism.
A figurative astronomical noun, used of the setting or dawn-setting of a celestial body.
- Lane · entry 8503
قِضَّةٌ
Defloration; the virginity or maidenhead that is taken.
A noun denoting either the act of defloration or the virginity involved.
- Lane · entry 8504
قَضَضٌ
Broken or crushed pebbles, small pebbles, or dust, including dust spread over a bed.
A nominal mass or quasi-plural term for gritty fragments and dust.
- Lane · entry 8505
قَضِيضٌ
Small pieces of food, likened to small pebbles.
A figurative nominal usage based on the resemblance of food fragments to pebbles.
- Lane · entry 8507
قَضْقَضَةٌ
The sound produced by breaking bones.
An action noun associated with the R.Q. I form قَضْقَضَ.
- Lane · entry 8508
مِقَضٌّ
An instrument used for breaking stones, resembling a woodworking adze.
An instrumental noun.
- Lane · entry 8509
قَضْقَاضٌ
A plant name applied to Syrian ushnān, including a slender yellow species of ḥamḍ.
The botanical identification is reported with alternative descriptions.
- Lane · entry 20995
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
Lane records an alternative analysis of اِنْقَضَّ in relation to نَقَضَ; the public Quranic form follows the canonical QAC root and morphology.