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Quranic root

قرح

q · r · ḥ

The root centers on injury and its pain, while also extending to what is unmixed and to the emergence or extraction of something.

The lexical evidence distinguishes three principal developments: wounding or painful lesion; purity or lack of admixture; and bringing something forth, especially water, growth, or an idea. Several specialized and figurative branches develop from these meanings.

  • Maqāyīs · row 3751
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Quran-attested forms
2
Quran senses
3
Quran occurrences

Forms in the Quran

The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.

قَرْح

qarḥ

Part of speech
Noun
Quran occurrences
3 occurrences

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. A wound or bodily injury.

    In the Quran, the noun refers to an injury, especially in the context of combat. The lexical evidence also distinguishes the wound itself from the pain associated with it.

    • Mufradāt · row 1168
    • Lane · entry 8111
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 3:140word 3

    a wound

    Quran 3:140word 7

    wound

    Quran 3:172word 9

    the injury

  2. The pain resulting from a wound.

    This sense is associated with the variant vocalization قُرْح reported for the Quranic passages; it is distinct from the wound or lesion itself.

    • Mufradāt · row 1168
    • Lane · entry 8111
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 3:140word 3

    a wound

Occurrences in the Quran

Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.

  • 3:140قَرْحٌۭa wound
  • 3:140قَرْحٌۭwound
  • 3:172ٱلْقَرْحُ ۚthe injury
View all 3 occurrences

Broader Classical Arabic meanings

Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.

Show 59 Classical meanings
  • قَرَحَ

    To wound or injure someone.

    A Form I verb synonymous with جَرَحَ.

    • Lane · entry 8105
  • قَرِحَ

    To be afflicted with a disease of sores or pustules.

    Reported especially of camels or other animals affected by the disease called قُرْحَة.

    • Lane · entry 8105
  • قَرَحَهُ بِالْحَقِّ

    To confront or accuse someone with the truth.

    A figurative construction meaning to address someone face-to-face with a truthful accusation.

    • Lane · entry 8105
  • قَرَحَ

    Of a horse or other solid-hoofed animal, to finish teething and reach the mature-teeth stage.

    The usage concerns the animal’s age and the emergence or replacement of the relevant corner tooth.

    • Lane · entry 8105
  • قَرَحَتْ

    Of a she-camel, to become visibly pregnant.

    The term can refer to the beginning, manifestation, or evident completion of pregnancy, according to the cited authorities.

    • Lane · entry 8105
  • قَرِحَ

    To break out in purulent pustules or sores.

    Said of a person, skin, body, or—figuratively—of a heart ulcerated by grief.

    • Lane · entry 8105
  • قَرِحَ

    Of a horse, to have a white mark on the face.

    The mark is the feature called قُرْحَة.

    • Lane · entry 8105
  • قَرَّحَ

    To wound someone repeatedly or in many places.

    Form II intensification of the act of wounding.

    • Lane · entry 8106
  • قَرَّحَ

    To prick or puncture a tattoo with a needle.

    The related verbal noun is also explained as pricking with a thorn.

    • Lane · entry 8106
  • قَرَّحَ

    Of plants, to put forth their first growth or the tips of their leaves.

    Also used of land beginning to produce vegetation and of the first emergence of a plant stem.

    • Lane · entry 8106
  • قَارَحَ

    To face, confront, or encounter someone directly.

    The verbal noun مُقَارَحَةٌ is used of meeting someone face-to-face.

    • Lane · entry 8107
  • أَقْرَحَ

    To cause someone’s skin to break out in purulent pustules or sores.

    The causative usage can also describe causing cattle or camels to be afflicted by the corresponding disease.

    • Lane · entry 8108
  • تَقَرَّحَ لَهُ بِالشَّرِّ

    To prepare oneself to deal with someone or something with evil intent.

    A reported figurative construction; the simple pointer elsewhere in the entry adds no separate meaning.

    • Lane · entry 8109
  • اِقْتَرَحَ

    To dig a well in a place where no well had previously been dug or where water had not yet been found.

    The object is commonly a well or water source.

    • Lane · entry 8110
  • اُقْتُرِحَ

    Of an arrow, to have its making begun.

    A specialized passive usage concerning the initial stage of manufacture.

    • Lane · entry 8110
  • اِقْتَرَحَ الجَمَلَ

    To ride a camel before anyone else has ridden it.

    A figurative extension of beginning something new.

    • Lane · entry 8110
  • اِقْتَرَحَ

    To originate, invent, or produce something without precedent or prior hearing.

    It can refer to composing speech or discourse extemporaneously.

    • Lane · entry 8110
  • اِقْتَرَحَ

    To choose, prefer, or select something for oneself.

    The construction extends to choosing a tune, song, friendship, or similar object of preference.

    • Lane · entry 8110
  • اِقْتَرَحَ عَلَيْهِ

    To impose one’s authority on someone or make an unconsidered demand.

    The usage includes asking roughly, severely, or without consideration.

    • Lane · entry 8110
  • قَرْح

    Purulent pustules, ulcers, sores, or small corrupt swellings.

    This is a medical noun distinct from the ordinary sense of a wound; the evidence notes some disagreement about the vocalization and authority of this usage.

    • Lane · entry 8111
  • قَرْح

    A severe mange or scab affecting young weaned camels.

    Some authorities describe it as destructive and rarely survivable, while another authority considers this attribution mistaken.

    • Lane · entry 8111
  • قُرْح

    The beginning or early part of a period.

    Used of the early part of a person’s age and, in one expression, the first three nights of a month.

    • Lane · entry 8112
  • قَرَح

    A state of having never been affected by mange, scab, or smallpox.

    The state is described of a camel or a child.

    • Lane · entry 8113
  • قَرِح

    Affected by purulent pustules or sores.

    An adjective applied to a person or to the person’s skin.

    • Lane · entry 8114
  • قُرْحَة

    A disease of camels involving purulent pustules in the mouth.

    The disease causes the animal’s lip to hang down; it is distinguished from ordinary mange or scab by some authorities.

    • Lane · entry 8116
  • قُرْحَة

    A small white mark on a horse’s forehead or face.

    It may be smaller than a غُرَّة and can have various shapes or positions short of the halter area.

    • Lane · entry 8116
  • قُرْحَة

    A foremost, eminent, or distinguished person among companions.

    A figurative use based on the conspicuous facial mark of a horse.

    • Lane · entry 8116
  • قُرْحَة

    The first or beginning part of a season or period of rain.

    Reported of the beginning of the وَسْمِيّ rain, spring, or winter.

    • Lane · entry 8116
  • قُرْحَان

    A person or animal not previously affected by smallpox, measles, pustules, or similar disease.

    Applied to a singular, dual, or plural and to males or females.

    • Lane · entry 8118
  • قُرْحَان

    Clear of an accusation or free from an affair.

    A figurative construction meaning innocent, acquitted, or quit of the matter.

    • Lane · entry 8118
  • قُرْحَان

    A person who has not witnessed war.

    A specialized description of inexperience in battle.

    • Lane · entry 8118
  • قُرْحَان

    A person who has been touched by wounds.

    This is reported as a contrary meaning to the disease-free sense.

    • Lane · entry 8118
  • قُرْحَان

    A small white species of truffle or mushroom-like growth.

    The singular is also reported as قُرْحَانَةٌ.

    • Lane · entry 8118
  • قَرَاح

    Pure, clear, or free from admixture.

    Especially used of water not mixed with another substance, including water drunk after food.

    • Lane · entry 8120
  • قَرَاح

    Open, unobstructed land free of buildings, trees, or other intermixture.

    The term can describe land lying exposed to the sky, land cleared for sowing, or a broad even tract; the authorities vary in the exact environmental details.

    • Lane · entry 8120
  • قَرِيح

    Wounded or injured.

    A participial adjective, also used substantivally of a wounded person.

    • Lane · entry 8121
  • قَرِيح

    A cloud when it first rises.

    A specialized meteorological noun.

    • Lane · entry 8121
  • قَرِيح

    The water descending from a cloud.

    This denotes the water or rain produced by the cloud, not the cloud itself.

    • Lane · entry 8121
  • قَرِيحَة

    The first water drawn from a newly dug well or the first water issuing from clouds.

    By extension, it means the first or earliest part of a thing.

    • Lane · entry 8122
  • قَرِيحَة

    A natural faculty for eliciting or originating intellectual ideas.

    The expression قَرِيحَةٌ جَيِّدَةٌ describes a person with an excellent faculty for eliciting matters of knowledge.

    • Lane · entry 8122
  • قَرِيحَة

    A person’s innate disposition, temperament, quality, mind, or intellect.

    This broader psychological use is derived from the notion of what first emerges or is elicited.

    • Lane · entry 8122
  • قُرَاحِيّ

    A person who remains in a town or village rather than going into the desert.

    It may also be a nisbah to a place called قُرَاح.

    • Lane · entry 8123
  • القُرَاحِيَّتَانِ

    The two flanks or sides of the body.

    A specialized dual expression.

    • Lane · entry 8124
  • قُرَيْحَاء

    A large internal object found in a horse’s belly, resembling a human head; in a camel, the stomach or ventricle that receives earth and pebbles.

    The two animal-specific descriptions are reported under the same rare anatomical term.

    • Lane · entry 8125
  • قِرْوَاح

    A smooth, bare, tall or elongated hill.

    The description emphasizes elevation and lack of herbage.

    • Lane · entry 8126
  • قِرْوَاح

    A tall, smooth palm tree with long bare lower branches.

    A specialized botanical description.

    • Lane · entry 8126
  • قِرْوَاح

    A long-legged she-camel.

    The camel is described as walking as though upon spears.

    • Lane · entry 8126
  • قِرْوَاح

    A camel that avoids drinking with mature camels and drinks with the young.

    A specialized behavioral description of a camel.

    • Lane · entry 8126
  • قَارِح

    A solid-hoofed animal that has completed the relevant stage of teething.

    Typically a horse or similar animal in or after its fifth year, according to the cited classifications.

    • Lane · entry 8128
  • قَارِح

    The tooth whose growth or shedding marks the قَارِح stage of a solid-hoofed animal.

    It is the corner tooth next but one to the central incisors; four such teeth are described.

    • Lane · entry 8128
  • قَارِح

    A she-camel or mare whose pregnancy has become manifest.

    The term may refer to an early, evident, or completed stage of pregnancy, depending on the authority and animal.

    • Lane · entry 8128
  • قَارِح

    A bow having a gap between its curved body and its string.

    A specialized object noun.

    • Lane · entry 8128
  • القَارِح

    A lion.

    A lexicalized noun with no further restriction supplied in the evidence.

    • Lane · entry 8128
  • أَقْرَح

    A horse having a white mark on its face.

    The feminine is قَرْحَاء; the term is also applied similarly to a common fly.

    • Lane · entry 8129
  • قَرْحَاء

    A meadow containing a conspicuous white flower or white flowers.

    The expression also indicates that the meadow’s vegetation has appeared.

    • Lane · entry 8129
  • أَقْرَح

    The bright face or emergence of dawn as darkness is stripped away.

    A figurative poetic construction.

    • Lane · entry 8129
  • مُقَرَّحَة

    The earliest ripe dates.

    The term is linked to the appearance of marks resembling pustules on the dates; the transmitted form is noted as uncertain.

    • Lane · entry 8130
  • مُقْرُوح

    Affected by purulent pustules or sores.

    Of young weaned camels, it can denote one afflicted with the disease قُرْح or قُرْحَة, including camels with pustules in the mouth and drooping lips.

    • Lane · entry 8132
  • مَقْرُوح

    A road made conspicuous by the marks or tracks of people and animals.

    A figurative extension of being marked or affected.

    • Lane · entry 8132

Cautions

Points that affect how this root should be read.

  • The QAC group is the canonical form قَرْح; the Quran-focused evidence reports a variant vocalization قُرْح in connection with the distinction between the wound and its pain. The packet does not supply a separate QAC form group for that variant.

  • The classical evidence contains reported dialectal differences and disagreements over several rare medical, animal, and botanical usages; these have been retained with localized qualifications rather than treated as Quranic meanings.