Quranic root
قرض
q · r · ḍ
The root centers on cutting: separating a portion from something, especially property, and extending that notion to a loan given for return.
From the basic idea of cutting off a portion come the meanings of lending, commercial partnership, requital, reciprocal exchange, and several spatial and poetic extensions. These developments are not meanings of every derived form.
- Maqāyīs · row 3756
- Mufradāt · row 1170
- 3
- Quran-attested forms
- 5
- Quran senses
- 13
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
قَرَضَ
qaraḍa
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form I
- Form
- I
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To pass by or beyond something, leaving it to one side; to turn aside from it.
In the Quranic sun-and-companions construction, the sun passes beyond them on the left without falling upon them.
- Lane · entry 8172
- Mufradāt · row 1170
Selected Quran examples
Quran 18:17word 12
“passing away from them”
أَقْرَضَ
ʾaqraḍa
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form IV
- Form
- IV
- Quran occurrences
- 6 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To lend or give property as a loan, with its return or requital expected.
The Quranic expression of lending a good loan to God uses the ordinary loan relation as its underlying image.
- Lane · entry 8175
To offer God a good deed, service, or gift for which divine requital is sought.
A figurative Quranic construction with God as the recipient and قَرْضًا حَسَنًا as the offered good loan.
- Lane · entry 8175
- Mufradāt · row 1170
Selected Quran examples
Quran 2:245word 4
“will lend”
Quran 73:20word 57
“and loan”
قَرْض
qarḍ
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 6 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A loan: property given to another to be returned or repaid.
The Quranic noun occurs in the expression قَرْضًا حَسَنًا, whose literal loan imagery underlies its figurative use.
- Lane · entry 8180
- Mufradāt · row 1170
A good deed, service, or gift offered to God for divine requital.
A Quranic figurative use in the construction قَرْضًا حَسَنًا, not a claim that God literally receives a financial loan.
- Lane · entry 8175
- Mufradāt · row 1170
Selected Quran examples
Quran 2:245word 6
“a loan”
Quran 57:11word 6
“a loan”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 2:245يُقْرِضُwill lend
- 2:245قَرْضًاa loan
- 5:12وَأَقْرَضْتُمُand you loan
- 5:12قَرْضًاa loan
- 18:17تَّقْرِضُهُمْpassing away from them
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 34 Classical meanings
قَرَضَ
To cut a thing, garment, or piece of cloth with shears or scissors.
The primary concrete cutting sense.
- Lane · entry 8172
قَرَضَ
To gnaw or eat something with the teeth; of a camel, to chew or return its cud.
Applied to animals or to things consumed by gnawing.
- Lane · entry 8172
قَرَضَ
To sever one’s bond of life and die, or to be at the point of death; by extension, to arrive exhausted or distressed.
A figurative or idiomatic use, especially of a person in extreme thirst, hunger, or fatigue.
- Lane · entry 8172
قَرَضَ
To pass through or across a valley, traverse land, turn aside in travelling, or be positioned opposite something.
Broader classical spatial uses distinct from the Quranic construction of passing beyond and leaving something to one side.
- Lane · entry 8172
قَرَضَ
To recite, utter, compose, or versify poetry.
Explained in relation to poetry’s cut metres or its division into articulated portions.
- Lane · entry 8172
تَقْرِيضٌ
The art of poetry, or the criticism and discrimination of good and bad poetry.
A technical literary use.
- Lane · entry 8173
قَرَّضَ
To praise or dispraise someone.
The word is reported with both opposed applications, to commend and to blame.
- Lane · entry 8173
قَارَضَ
To lend to another and receive a loan from him in return.
A reciprocal lending relation.
- Lane · entry 8174
قَارَضَ
To enter a commercial partnership in which one party supplies capital, the other trades with it, and the gain is shared while the loss falls on the capital.
The Hijazi commercial contract also called مُضَارَبَة.
- Lane · entry 8174
قَارَضَ
To requite or compensate someone, including returning evil with its like.
A reciprocal social or moral response.
- Lane · entry 8174
قَارَضَ
To be in accord with people or to interchange visits with them.
Reciprocal social interaction.
- Lane · entry 8174
أَقْرَضَ
To give or pay a thing to someone.
A broader classical giving or payment use beyond the specific loan relation.
- Lane · entry 8175
أَقْرَضَ
To turn eyes away from someone or something and thereby cover it.
An idiomatic construction with عَنْهُ.
- Lane · entry 8175
تَقَارَضَ
For two parties to lend to and receive loans from each other.
Reciprocal lending.
- Lane · entry 8176
تَقَارَضَ
To exchange things reciprocally, including good or evil, praise, visits, or hostile looks.
The particular object determines whether the exchange is social, moral, verbal, or antagonistic.
- Lane · entry 8176
تَقَارَضَ
To recite poetry to one another.
A reciprocal poetic use derived from قَرِيضٌ, poetry.
- Lane · entry 8176
انْقَرَضَ
To pass away or perish completely, with none remaining.
Used of a group or population that has become extinct or wholly gone.
- Lane · entry 8177
اقْتَرَضَ
To receive or take a loan from someone.
Constructed with مِنْ for the lender.
- Lane · entry 8178
اقْتَرَضَ
To defame or speak maliciously about someone in his absence or otherwise.
A figurative use concerning a person’s honour.
- Lane · entry 8178
اسْتَقْرَضَ
To seek or demand a loan, or to seek a gift or payment in advance.
The requested item may be a conventional loan or an advance of the thing sought.
- Lane · entry 8179
قَرْض
A thing, whether property or an act, given or done to be returned or requited; specifically, a good or evil deed owed in response.
This broader classical usage includes moral requital and is distinct from a debt that is merely due without the loan relation.
- Lane · entry 8180
قَرِيض
The cud of a camel, or what it returns to be chewed again.
A nominal use associated with chewing the cud.
- Lane · entry 8182
قَرِيض
The sound or voice of a person who is dying.
A rare classical nominal use.
- Lane · entry 8182
قَرِيض
Poetry.
A literary noun, explained through the imagery of cutting, weaving, or dividing language into poetic portions.
- Lane · entry 8182
قُرَاضَة
Cuttings, clippings, or fragments that fall from cutting, shearing, or gnawing.
Used of fragments of gold, silver, cloth, bread, and similar materials.
- Lane · entry 8183
قُرَاضَة
The fresh or immediate state of a thing.
Occurs in the idiom أخذ الأمر بقُرَاضَتِهِ, taking an affair in its fresh state.
- Lane · entry 8183
قُرَاضَة
The refuse, inferior portion, or paltry remainder of property.
A figurative application to what is bad or of little account.
- Lane · entry 8183
قُرَاضَة
An evil action or saying directed by one person against another.
The lexical application is reported, but the exact idiomatic context is uncertain.
- Lane · entry 8183
قَرَّاضَة
A small creeping insect that eats wool.
A zoological designation.
- Lane · entry 8184
قَرَّاضَة
A person who defames others or speaks evil of them behind their backs.
A figurative personal designation.
- Lane · entry 8184
ابْنُ مِقْرَض
A small weasel-like beast or rat that kills pigeons and may gnaw clothes.
A zoological expression with reported variation in the exact species identified.
- Lane · entry 8185
مُقَرِّضَاتُ الأَسَاقِي
Small creeping insects that make holes in and cut the skins used for water or milk.
A specific zoological plural expression.
- Lane · entry 8186
مِقْرَاض
A cutting instrument; a blade of shears or scissors, and by extension a pair of small shears.
The singular and dual forms are discussed in relation to one blade or the two blades together.
- Lane · entry 8187
مِقْرَاض
A detractor of people’s reputations.
Figurative, especially in the expression describing a person’s tongue as shears of reputations.
- Lane · entry 8187
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Lane discussion of the Quranic spatial use uses historical citation notation; the modern example location here is taken from the secure QAC occurrence 18:17, not reconstructed from Lane's bracketed reference.
The Quranic expression قَرْضًا حَسَنًا uses loan imagery figuratively for a good deed, service, or gift offered for divine requital.
The report of قُرَاضَةٌ for an evil action or saying has an explicitly uncertain application.
The cud sense of قَرِيضٌ is reported with an alternative reading by one authority; it is retained as a Classical Arabic sense with that lexical uncertainty.