Quranic root
قرف
q · r · f
The root centers on contact, mixture, and being enveloped or associated with something; its concrete image is a peel or outer layer.
The semantic field develops from peeling or taking on an outer layer to entering into contact, acquiring something as though taking it on, and becoming implicated in blame or suspicion. In the Quranic Form VIII, this yields the meanings of acquiring or earning and, especially, committing blameworthy acts.
- Maqāyīs · row 3760
- Mufradāt · row 1173
- 2
- Quran-attested forms
- 3
- Quran senses
- 5
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
اِقْتَرَفَ
āiqtarafa
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form VIII
- Form
- VIII
- Quran occurrences
- 4 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To acquire or earn something through one's own action.
Used for acquisition whether favorable or unfavorable; the Quranic occurrences include acquired possessions and the earning of a good deed.
- Mufradāt · row 1173
Selected Quran examples
Quran 9:24word 10
“that you have acquired”
Quran 42:23word 20
“earns”
To commit blameworthy acts or wrongdoing.
A Quranic specialization of the acquisition sense, used for culpable conduct and for what people commit; the unfavorable usage is especially frequent in the lexical evidence.
- Mufradāt · row 1173
Selected Quran examples
Quran 6:113word 9
“and so that they may commit”
Quran 6:120word 12
“commit”
مُقْتَرِفٌ
muqtarifun
- Part of speech
- Active participle
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
One who commits blameworthy acts; a perpetrator of wrongdoing.
The Quranic plural form مُقْتَرِفُونَ denotes people engaged in the blameworthy conduct under discussion.
- Mufradāt · row 1173
Selected Quran examples
Quran 6:113word 12
“(are) committing”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 6:113وَلِيَقْتَرِفُوا۟and so that they may commit
- 6:113مُّقْتَرِفُونَ(are) committing
- 6:120يَقْتَرِفُونَcommit
- 9:24ٱقْتَرَفْتُمُوهَاthat you have acquired
- 42:23يَقْتَرِفْearns
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 10 Classical meanings
قِرْفٌ
The peel, bark, or skin removed from a tree or wound; also a crust such as the crust of bread.
The term denotes what is taken off as an outer layer.
- Maqāyīs · row 3760
- Mufradāt · row 1173
قِرْفٌ
A leather vessel used for preparing khalʿ, a cooked and seasoned meat preparation.
A technical material use distinct from the meaning ‘peel’ or ‘outer layer’.
- Maqāyīs · row 3760
قَارَفَهُ
To be or become near to something, especially something base or vile.
A Form III construction with an object; the supplied lexical example concerns nearness to a base thing or the like.
- Lane · entry 20912
قَرَفٌ
Association or mixing with others, especially diseased persons; proximity to pestilence or epidemic disease.
A noun describing exposure through close association or nearness to disease.
- Lane · entry 20913
قَرَفَ فُلَانًا بِكَذَا
To reproach or accuse someone of something.
The construction assigns a blame or accusation to a person.
- Mufradāt · row 1173
- Maqāyīs · row 3760
القِرْفَةُ
A suspected or accused person; by extension, a person or group thought likely to have information about a sought thing.
In the idiom اتسعت قرفته, the expression means that many people accuse him; related usage can identify those believed to know where something is found.
- Lane · entry 20914
- Maqāyīs · row 3760
قَارَفَ أَمْرًا
To engage in or undertake a blameworthy matter.
The construction concerns doing something regarded as reproachable, without being limited to the Quranic Form VIII.
- Mufradāt · row 1173
- Maqāyīs · row 3760
قَارَفَ
To approach sexually or have sexual intercourse.
A conventional Form III usage, especially in the construction قَارَفَ امْرَأَتَهُ.
- Maqāyīs · row 3760
مُقْرِفٌ
Of mixed or hybrid lineage; a person or horse of mixed stock.
The term is applied to a man or horse. One specified horse usage describes a hybrid father and an Arab mother.
- Maqāyīs · row 3760
- Mufradāt · row 1173
مَقْرِفٌ
A place where something is pared or stripped off.
A locative noun for a place of paring.
- Lane · entry 20915
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The lexical discussion connects the 6:113 expression with the branch of blame and reproach, while the supplied Quran context renders it as committing; the Quranic sense is therefore stated as blameworthy conduct rather than as directly accusing another person.