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Quranic root

رجل

r · j · l

The root primarily concerns the leg or foot, and extends to walking on foot, pedestrians, and several figurative or transferred uses based on support, standing, extremity, or movement.

The lexical development proceeds from the bodily leg or foot to going on foot and the people or animals characterized by it; other branches include objects' lower extremities, groups likened to a leg or swarm, and a number of specialized idioms. The meanings man and male human are treated as a distinct lexical branch.

  • Maqāyīs · row 1977
  • Mufradāt · row 536
3
Quran-attested forms
5
Quran senses
73
Quran occurrences

Forms in the Quran

The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.

رَاجِل

rājil

Part of speech
Noun / adjective · pedestrian
Quran occurrences
1 occurrence

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. Infantry; people proceeding on foot.

    Used in the Quranic expression contrasting foot soldiers with mounted forces.

    • Lane · entry 22670
    • Mufradāt · row 536
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 17:64word 9

    and infantry

رَجُل

rajul

Part of speech
Noun
Quran occurrences
57 occurrences

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. A man; a male human being.

    The plural رِجَال is also used in the Quran; in one Quranic passage it can include male jinn as well as human men. The word denotes the male person rather than a generic human being.

    • Lane · entry 22648
    • Mufradāt · row 536
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 10:2word 7

    a man

    Quran 72:6word 7

    in (the) men

  2. A man presented with the qualities of manhood, firmness, or fortitude.

    In particular descriptions, the word can foreground manliness and resolve in addition to identifying a male person; this is an evaluative contextual emphasis, not a restriction to a special social class.

    • Mufradāt · row 536
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 36:20word 5

    a man

  3. People proceeding on foot; on foot rather than mounted.

    The plural رجال in the construction فَرِجَالًا أَوْ رُكْبَانًا contrasts walking or infantry movement with riding.

    • Lane · entry 22670
    • Mufradāt · row 536
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 2:239word 3

    then (pray) on foot

رِجْل

rijl

Part of speech
Noun
Quran occurrences
15 occurrences

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. The leg or foot of a human being or animal.

    The Quran uses the plural أَرْجُل for feet or legs and also the singular رِجْل in a bodily-foot construction.

    • Lane · entry 22646
    • Mufradāt · row 536
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 20:71word 15

    and your feet

    Quran 24:45word 16

    two legs

    Quran 38:42word 2

    with your foot

Occurrences in the Quran

Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.

  • 2:228وَلِلرِّجَالِand for the men
  • 2:239فَرِجَالًاthen (pray) on foot
  • 2:282رِّجَالِكُمْ ۖyour men
  • 2:282رَجُلَيْنِtwo men
  • 2:282فَرَجُلٌۭthen one man
View all 73 occurrences

Broader Classical Arabic meanings

Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.

Show 69 Classical meanings
  • رَجِلَ / رُجْلَة

    To go on foot, remain or travel without a riding animal, or be strong and enduring in walking; of an animal, to endure long travel.

    Includes the corresponding verbal noun and descriptions of a person or beast able to walk or travel on foot.

    • Lane · entry 22639
    • Lane · entry 22651
    • Lane · entry 22661
  • رَجِلَ

    To be large in the leg or foot.

    • Lane · entry 22639
  • رَجِلَ

    To suffer a complaint or unwanted condition affecting the leg or foot.

    Also used with مِنْ رِجْلِهِ for being affected in the leg or foot by something disliked.

    • Lane · entry 22639
    • Lane · entry 22651
  • رَجِلَ / أَرْجَل

    Of a beast, to have whiteness in one hind leg or foot while the rest of the limbs lack that marking; أَرْجَل is the corresponding epithet.

    The feminine form رَجْلَاء is used for a female animal with the described marking.

    • Lane · entry 22639
    • Lane · entry 22651
    • Lane · entry 22673
  • رَجِل / رَجْل

    Hair of a texture between lankness and crisp curliness: wavy or moderately curled.

    The adjective can also describe a person having this kind of hair.

    • Lane · entry 22639
    • Lane · entry 22649
  • رَجَّلَ / تَرَجَّلَ

    To comb, arrange, wash, or anoint hair; to make hair hang down or become moderately arranged.

    The transitive form may concern one's own hair or another person's hair; the associated noun denotes combed hair or hair-grooming.

    • Lane · entry 22640
    • Lane · entry 22642
    • Lane · entry 22682
  • رَجَلَهُ

    To hit or hurt someone in the leg or foot.

    • Lane · entry 22639
  • رَجَلَ الشاة

    To suspend or confine a sheep or goat by its hind leg or by pressing it with the feet.

    The detailed descriptions vary between hanging the animal by its leg and restraining its folded limbs with the feet.

    • Lane · entry 22639
  • رَجَلَتْ وَلَدَهَا

    Of a woman, to give birth with the legs appearing before the head.

    • Lane · entry 22639
  • رَجَلَ / أَرْجَلَ

    To leave a young animal with its mother so that it may suck whenever it wishes; of the young animal, to suck its mother.

    Applied to young camels and also to lambs, kids, calves, or colts; it can describe a mother whose udder is left unbound.

    • Lane · entry 22639
    • Lane · entry 22647
    • Lane · entry 22670
  • رَجَلَ / أَرْجَلَ

    Of a stallion, to mate with mares or to be sent among them.

    • Lane · entry 22639
    • Lane · entry 22641
    • Lane · entry 22647
  • رَجَلَ المرأة

    To press or compress a woman.

    A specialized euphemistic bodily or sexual expression in the cited lexical evidence.

    • Lane · entry 22639
  • رَجُل

    A man much given to sexual intercourse.

    A regional usage attributed to Arabs of Yemen; it is a characterization of sexual activity, not the ordinary meaning of رَجُل.

    • Lane · entry 22648
  • رَجُلَة / مَرْجَلَانِيَّة

    A woman who is or makes herself like a man in some qualities, states, appearance, or speech.

    This is a marked classical description of a woman as manlike, distinct from the ordinary male-human noun.

    • Lane · entry 22648
    • Lane · entry 22681
  • رَجُل / أَرْجَل

    Perfect, complete, strong, or manly in bodily vigor or comparable qualities.

    Used adjectivally or in comparison between two men; this classical evaluative use is broader than simple reference to a male person.

    • Lane · entry 22648
    • Lane · entry 22673
  • تَرْجِيل

    The making or rendering of something strong.

    A verbal-noun use of Form II.

    • Lane · entry 22640
  • أَرْجَلَ

    To make someone go on foot or alight from a riding animal.

    • Lane · entry 22641
  • أَرْجَلَ

    To grant delay or respite; to leave someone alone for a while.

    A distinct Form IV meaning unrelated to making someone walk.

    • Lane · entry 22641
  • تَرَجَّلَ

    To descend into a well by one's own legs, without being lowered or suspended by a rope.

    The verb may be construed with the well directly or with فِي.

    • Lane · entry 22642
  • تَرَجَّلَ / مُرْتَجِل

    To produce fire while using the hands and feet to hold the two pieces of wood because one is alone.

    The participle denotes the person who performs this operation with the lower piece held by the foot.

    • Lane · entry 22642
    • Lane · entry 22685
  • تَرَجَّلَ

    To become a man or rise to manhood; of a woman, to become manlike in some qualities or circumstances.

    This is a derived-verb use, distinct from the noun for a male human.

    • Lane · entry 22642
  • تَرَجَّلَ النهار

    Of the day, to become advanced, with the sun somewhat high, or to pass below the walls.

    A figurative expression likening the day or sun to a person standing or alighting.

    • Lane · entry 22642
  • ارْتَجَلَ الفرس

    Of a horse, to alternate or mix the paces called العَنَق and الهَمْلَجَة.

    • Lane · entry 22643
  • ارْتَجَلَ الرجل

    To take or seize a man by his leg or foot.

    • Lane · entry 22643
  • ارْتَجَلَ

    To speak, recite, compose, or perform something extemporaneously, without prior preparation or deliberation.

    Applied especially to a speech, poem, name, or other production delivered without premeditation.

    • Lane · entry 22643
    • Lane · entry 22661
  • ارْتَجَلَ برأيه

    To act independently in an opinion, without consulting others, and persist in the position adopted.

    Also used imperatively for keeping to one's undertaken affair.

    • Lane · entry 22643
  • ارْتَجَلَ / مُرْتَجِل

    To collect or come upon a detached group of locusts for roasting or cooking.

    • Lane · entry 22643
    • Lane · entry 22685
  • ارْتَجَلَ

    To set up or use a cooking pot for preparing food.

    A specialized derived-verb use associated with مِرْجَل.

    • Lane · entry 22643
  • اسْتَرْجَلَ

    To desire or request to go on foot.

    • Lane · entry 22644
  • عَلَى رِجْل

    A figurative state of setting about an affair that presses heavily or urgently upon a person.

    Derived from the image of standing on one leg; it is an idiom rather than an anatomical meaning.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • عَلَى رِجْل

    To be in fear that something may escape or be missed.

    An idiomatic use in the expression أَنَا عَلَى رِجْلٍ.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • ذُو الرِّجْل

    A particular one-legged idol of the Hijaz.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رِجْل الجبار

    The bright star Rigel, regarded as the foot of Orion.

    A specialized astronomical name.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رِجْل الغراب / رِجْل الجراد

    Names of certain plants, including plants associated with the appellations رِجْل الغراب and رِجْل الجراد.

    The botanical referents vary by cited usage; the expression is not the ordinary anatomical noun.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رِجْل الغراب

    A method of binding a camel's udder so that its young cannot suck and the binding will not come undone.

    The expression also supplies a metaphor for something made firm or difficult to undo.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • صُرَّتْ عليه رِجْل الغراب

    For an affair or a person's livelihood to become difficult, constrained, or hard to manage.

    A figurative idiom based on the secure udder-binding described in the associated lexical entry.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رِجْل الطائر

    A particular branding instrument or brand.

    A specialized object-name.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رِجْل الباب / رِجْل القوس / رِجْل السهم

    The foot, heel, lower curved end, or extremity of an object such as a door, bow, or arrow.

    The precise part varies with the object; the common extension is a supporting or lower extremity.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رِجْل / رِجْلَة

    A canal, channel, or watercourse through which water runs from stony ground to softer or level ground.

    The related noun may also denote a place where water collects or a water-fed tract.

    • Lane · entry 22646
    • Lane · entry 22652
  • رِجْل

    A part, portion, or lateral half of a thing, including part of a carcass or a half of a water carrier.

    The usage is figurative or synecdochic in the cited expressions and does not mean an anatomical leg there.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رِجْل السراويل

    A leg or pair of legs of trousers or drawers.

    The singular expression can refer collectively to the two-legged garment.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رِجْل الجراد

    A swarm, detached group, or numerous assemblage of locusts.

    The collective noun may be masculine or feminine and need not have a regular singular.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رِجْل

    An army or numerous armed group.

    A transferred collective use likening an army to a swarm or gathered group.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رِجْل

    A share or portion in someone's property.

    Used in the expression لِي فِي مَالِكَ رِجْلٌ.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • عَلَى رِجْل فلان

    A time or period during a particular person's lifetime.

    An idiom parallel to saying that something occurred during a person's time.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • لِيَ الرِّجْل

    Precedence or priority in a contest or ordering.

    Used when handlers of camels contend over who has precedence.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رِجْل

    Distress, straitened livelihood, pressing want, misfortune, calamity, or poverty.

    A figurative classical use.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رَجِل

    A man who sleeps much.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رَجِل

    A foul-mouthed, ill-disposed, or socially withdrawn man who does not mix easily with others.

    A specialized characterization associated with the epithet قاذورة.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رَجِل

    Blank paper without writing.

    • Lane · entry 22646
  • رِجْلَة

    A herd or detached group of wild animals gathered together.

    • Lane · entry 22652
  • رَجْلَى / رَجِيل

    Rugged, hard, or stony ground or a road difficult to traverse, where movement is possible only on foot.

    The cited descriptions include both rough mountain roads and level ground made difficult by abundant stones.

    • Lane · entry 22655
    • Lane · entry 22661
  • رُجْلَة

    Manhood, manliness, or the condition of being a male human; also strength or vehemence in walking.

    The noun has both a manhood branch and a walking-strength branch in the cited lexical evidence.

    • Lane · entry 22651
  • الرُّجَيْلَاء

    The successive bringing forth of young animals one after another.

    Reported specifically of sheep or goats.

    • Lane · entry 22666
  • رَجَلِيّ

    A person known for running or traveling on foot.

    The cited plural refers to named men famed for running on foot.

    • Lane · entry 22657
  • رَاجِل

    A pedestrian or footman, especially one without a riding animal; of a beast, one capable of enduring long travel.

    This broader individual and animal application is distinct from the Quranic collective sense infantry.

    • Lane · entry 22670
  • رَاجِلَة

    A ram used by a shepherd to carry or convey his utensils.

    A specialized pastoral term.

    • Lane · entry 22671
  • أَرَاجِيل

    Hunters, fowlers, or fishermen accustomed to capturing animals, birds, or fish.

    A specialized plural usage.

    • Lane · entry 22674
  • تَرَاجِيل

    Smallage or a related garden herb.

    A dialectal plant name of the Sawad.

    • Lane · entry 22676
  • مُرْجِل

    A woman who gives birth to male children.

    Also explained as the equivalent of مُذْكِر.

    • Lane · entry 22678
  • مِرْجَل

    A copper or stone-and-copper cooking pot, or any vessel in which food is cooked.

    The word may also denote a large cooking pot.

    • Lane · entry 22679
  • مِرْجَل

    A comb.

    A distinct nominal homonym or specialized branch of the same written form.

    • Lane · entry 22679
  • مِرْجَل

    A figured or variegated Yemeni garment or cloth.

    The cited usage includes a type of burd garment and cloth associated with full-grown men.

    • Lane · entry 22679
  • مِرْجَلِيّ

    A maker of cooking pots.

    • Lane · entry 22680
  • مُرَجَّل

    A skin removed beginning from one hind leg or from the part where the leg is attached.

    The corresponding animal may be a sheep, goat, or ram.

    • Lane · entry 22682
  • مُرَجَّل

    A skin or leather vessel filled with wine.

    • Lane · entry 22682
  • مُرَجَّل

    A garment bearing figures of men or other figured decoration.

    The evidence includes both human figures and ornamentation in the borders.

    • Lane · entry 22682
  • مُرَجَّل

    Locusts whose wing traces are visible on the ground.

    A specialized descriptive epithet.

    • Lane · entry 22682
  • مَرْجُول

    A gazelle whose hind leg has been caught in a snare.

    A foreleg caught in the snare receives a different designation in the cited contrast.

    • Lane · entry 22683

Cautions

Points that affect how this root should be read.

  • The Quranic plural رجال is represented under the singular citation headword رَجُل; one Quranic occurrence uses it in the construction meaning people proceeding on foot.

  • The pedestrian form in 17:64 is cited under the normalized dictionary form رَاجِل; the supplied QAC location, rather than Lane's historical citation notation, determines the Quran example location.

  • The classical entry contains many specialized, figurative, dialectal, and derived-form branches; these are kept separate from the Quranic senses unless the evidence explicitly supports their Quranic use.

Unassigned or ambiguous evidence

  • lane-unit:rjl:22670:g1:sub2 reports an unexplained saying and gives only a tentative interpretation; the idiomatic lexical content cannot be assigned confidently.