Quranic root
عود
ʿ · w · d
The root has two principal orientations: returning or doing something again, and wood or a piece of timber.
The return branch extends to restoration, repetition, recurrence, habitual practice, visiting, and a destination of return; the wood branch extends to sticks, fragrant aloes-wood, and the lute.
- Maqāyīs · row 3344
- Mufradāt · row 1022
- 6
- Quran-attested forms
- 9
- Quran senses
- 63
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
عَادَ
ʿāda
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form I
- Form
- I
- Quran occurrences
- 18 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To return, go back, or revert to a place, state, action, or commitment.
Also covers returning to or entering a prior religious allegiance or condition.
- Lane · entry 5178
- Mufradāt · row 1022
Selected Quran examples
Quran 7:88word 15
“you must return”
To do again; repeat or resume an act.
Used of renewed misconduct, action, or occurrence after an earlier instance.
- Lane · entry 5178
- Mufradāt · row 1022
Selected Quran examples
Quran 2:275word 39
“repeated”
To resume what was said or intended after a ẓihār declaration.
In the construction ثُمَّ يَعُودُونَ لِمَا قَالُوا (58:3), the expression received differing legal explanations, including reiterating the declaration, retaining the spouse, or intending or resuming intercourse.
- Mufradāt · row 1022
Selected Quran examples
Quran 58:3word 6
“go back”
أَعَادَ
ʾaʿāda
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form IV
- Form
- IV
- Quran occurrences
- 18 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To return, restore, replace, or send back.
May refer to restoring a thing, person, or condition to a former place or state; passive forms mean to be returned.
- Lane · entry 5181
- Mufradāt · row 1022
Selected Quran examples
Quran 20:21word 5
“We will return it”
To do or bring into being again; repeat or recreate.
Used especially of repeating an utterance or action and of bringing creation forth again after its initial origination. In the expression مَا يُبْدِئُ وَمَا يُعِيدُ, it contrasts originating with repeating.
- Lane · entry 5181
- Mufradāt · row 1022
Selected Quran examples
Quran 10:4word 11
“He repeats it”
عَائِد
ʿāʾid
- Part of speech
- Active participle
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
One who returns; returning.
Plural active participle in the Quranic occurrence.
- Lane · entry 5178
- Mufradāt · row 1022
Selected Quran examples
Quran 44:15word 6
“(will) return”
عَاد
ʿād
- Part of speech
- Proper noun
- Quran occurrences
- 24 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
ʿĀd, the ancient people to whom the prophet Hūd was sent.
A proper name, distinct from the verb عَادَ and its derivatives.
- Lane · entry 5193
Selected Quran examples
Quran 11:50word 2
“Aad”
عِيد
ʿīd
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A recurring festival or day of joyful gathering.
The Quranic use refers to an occasion made a festival for those concerned.
- Lane · entry 5190
- Mufradāt · row 1022
Selected Quran examples
Quran 5:114word 14
“a festival”
مَعَاد
maʿād
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A place, destination, or final state to which one returns.
In 28:85, interpretations reported for the destination include Mecca, Paradise, and resurrection or the final return.
- Lane · entry 5204
- Mufradāt · row 1022
Selected Quran examples
Quran 28:85word 8
“a place of return”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 2:275عَادَrepeated
- 5:95عَادَreturned
- 5:114عِيدًۭاa festival
- 6:28لَعَادُوا۟certainly they (would) return
- 7:29تَعُودُونَ(so) will you return
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 61 Classical meanings
عَادَ
To become, come to be, or begin to be in a state.
May describe entering a state for the first time as well as returning to one.
- Lane · entry 5178
عَادَ
To serve as an incomplete verb meaning “was.”
A Classical syntactic use, especially after a conjunction.
- Lane · entry 5178
عَادَ / عَائِد
To visit someone, especially a sick person; a visitor of the sick.
The verb implies coming repeatedly or again; عَائِد is the corresponding visitor.
- Lane · entry 5178
- Lane · entry 5201
عَادَ
To befall, happen to, or come upon someone.
Used of such things as anxiety and grief.
- Lane · entry 5178
عَادَ بِمَعْرُوفٍ / عَائِدَة
To confer a favor or benefit; a favor, kindness, gift, advantage, or profit.
Often used with عَلَى or بِـ for a benefit bestowed upon someone.
- Lane · entry 5178
- Lane · entry 5202
عَادَ عَلَى
To assail ruinously or destroy.
Used of fortune, winds, or rains coming upon people or dwellings.
- Lane · entry 5178
عَادَ
To reject, turn away, or undo what one has done.
A use associated with the verbal noun عَوْد.
- Lane · entry 5178
عَادَ
To divert or prevent someone from doing something.
Reported as a transposed form in a Classical expression.
- Lane · entry 5178
عَوَّدَ
To accustom, habituate, or train someone or something to a practice.
Form II; can be used of training an animal or causing people to grow accustomed to a treatment.
- Lane · entry 5179
عُوَادَة
Food brought again after people have already eaten, especially for a particular person.
Also associated with the Form II verb عَوَّدَ.
- Lane · entry 5179
- Lane · entry 5199
عَوَّدَ
To become old or advanced in years.
Said of a camel or certain other livestock, and also of a person.
- Lane · entry 5179
عَيَّدَ
To attend, observe, or celebrate a festival.
Form II derived from عِيد.
- Lane · entry 5179
عَاوَدَ / مُعَاوَدَة
To return to an earlier matter or do something repeatedly.
Form III; includes repeated return to an activity or affair.
- Lane · entry 5180
اِعْتَادَ / تَعَوَّدَ
To become accustomed to something; make it a habit or custom.
Includes self-habituation and repeated practice.
- Lane · entry 5178
- Lane · entry 5180
- Lane · entry 5184
عَاوَدَ
To exchange words repeatedly; hold a dialogue, debate, or verbal back-and-forth.
Often used with الكَلام.
- Lane · entry 5180
عَاوَدَ بِالْمَسْأَلَة
To ask a question repeatedly.
Form III with بِـ and a question or request.
- Lane · entry 5180
عَاوَدَ
To persist or persevere in an activity.
Used of continuing in what one is engaged in.
- Lane · entry 5180
عَاوَدَتْهُ الحُمَّى
To recur repeatedly or cling persistently.
Illustrated by a fever returning to a person.
- Lane · entry 5180
أَعَادَ
To render or make someone or something become a specified state.
A doubly transitive Classical use of Form IV.
- Lane · entry 5181
تَعَاوَدُوا
To return, each party to its leader, in battle.
A reciprocal Form VI military use.
- Lane · entry 5183
اِعْتَادَ
To frequent a place; come to it and return to it repeatedly.
Form VIII, especially with a place as object.
- Lane · entry 5184
اِعْتَادَ
To look at something repeatedly until one knows it.
A Form VIII use.
- Lane · entry 5184
اِسْتَعَادَ
To ask someone to return.
Form X.
- Lane · entry 5185
اِسْتَعَادَ
To ask for something to be repeated or done again.
Form X, often with a thing requested to be repeated.
- Lane · entry 5185
عَاد
A person or individual, in the expression asking what sort of person someone is.
Occurs in the idiom مَا أَدْرِي أَيُّ عَادٍ هُوَ.
- Lane · entry 5186
عَوْد
A return without obtaining what one sought.
In phrases such as returning one’s return to one’s beginning.
- Lane · entry 5188
عَوْد
An old or mature camel, and by extension certain old livestock.
Especially a camel advanced in age but retaining strength; feminine forms are also reported.
- Lane · entry 5188
عَوْد
An elderly, experienced, and knowledgeable person.
A figurative extension from the mature camel.
- Lane · entry 5188
عَوْد
An old or ancient road.
A figurative extension from the adjective for an old camel.
- Lane · entry 5188
سُودَد عَوْد
Ancient or long-established lordship, honor, or glory.
A figurative use of عَوْد.
- Lane · entry 5188
رَحِم عَوْدَة
An old and remote tie of kinship.
Used of invoking a distant relationship.
- Lane · entry 5188
عَوْد
The sun.
A rare poetic use.
- Lane · entry 5188
عُود
Wood, timber, a stick, staff, rod, branch, or twig.
May denote a slender or thick piece of wood or a living branch.
- Lane · entry 5189
عُود عَلَى عُود
The outbreak of civil conflict, faction, or sedition.
An idiom literally involving placing an arrow on a bow.
- Lane · entry 5189
سَبِيل ذِي الأَعْوَاد
Death.
A figurative expression referring to the wooden poles on which a dead person is carried.
- Lane · entry 5189
العُودَان
The Prophet’s pulpit and staff.
A dual lexical designation.
- Lane · entry 5189
عُود صِدْق / سَوْء
A good or bad branch or lineage.
Figurative use of the wooden branch.
- Lane · entry 5189
عُودَان
Two witnesses, figuratively described as two sticks warding off danger.
Used in a judicial admonition.
- Lane · entry 5189
العُود
A fragrant aloes-wood used for fumigation.
Also called Indian aloes-wood in compound expressions.
- Lane · entry 5189
العُود
The lute, a well-known stringed musical instrument.
Named from the wooden instrument.
- Lane · entry 5189
عُود اللِّسَان
The hyoid bone at the root of the tongue.
An anatomical term.
- Lane · entry 5189
أُمّ العُود
A part of the stomach of a ruminant animal.
A technical anatomical or veterinary term.
- Lane · entry 5189
عِيد
A recurring occurrence or returning condition, such as anxiety, illness, grief, or desire.
The broader pre-festival sense of a recurrent condition.
- Lane · entry 5190
عِيد
A type of mountain tree whose peel was used for dressing wounds.
A botanical use.
- Lane · entry 5190
عَادَة
A custom, habitual manner, or wont.
Especially a repeated practice that becomes characteristic.
- Lane · entry 5191
عَادِيّ
Ancient, old, or of remote origin.
Used of ruins, wells, buildings, landholding, dominion, and glory.
- Lane · entry 5193
عِيدِيَّة
An appellation for certain excellent she-camels.
The reported derivation is disputed.
- Lane · entry 5194
عِيدِيَّة
A female lamb.
A reported and less widely known use.
- Lane · entry 5194
عَوَاد
Pleasant treatment, kindness, or something one will like.
In the invitation to return for good treatment.
- Lane · entry 5196
عَوَّاد
A player or maker of the lute.
Derived from عُود in the sense “lute.”
- Lane · entry 5200
مَعُود
A sick person who is visited.
Also reported as مَعْوُود.
- Lane · entry 5205
أَعْوَد
More advantageous, profitable, convenient, or easy.
Used in comparison with another thing.
- Lane · entry 5203
مَعَاد
The pilgrimage.
A specialized nominal use.
- Lane · entry 5204
مَعَاد / مَعَادَة
A place of wailing or mourning for a dead person.
So called because people return to it repeatedly.
- Lane · entry 5204
- Lane · entry 5207
مُعِيد
A stallion camel that mates repeatedly.
Said of one that does so without assistance.
- Lane · entry 5206
مُعِيد
Experienced, skilled, and capable in affairs.
Applied to a person accustomed to a matter.
- Lane · entry 5206
مُعِيد
A lion.
Explained through its repeated return to prey.
- Lane · entry 5206
مُعِيد
A road repeatedly travelled and trodden.
Distinct from an old road simply by its repeated use.
- Lane · entry 5206
مُعَاوِد
Persevering or persistent.
Applied to a person.
- Lane · entry 5208
مُعَاوِد
Courageous.
Explained as not becoming weary of conflict.
- Lane · entry 5208
مُعَاوِد
Skilful in one’s work.
Applied to a person.
- Lane · entry 5208
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Quranic construction ثُمَّ يَعُودُونَ لِمَا قَالُوا in 58:3 has received differing legal and exegetical interpretations; the entry preserves the shared lexical idea without selecting one legal ruling.
For مَعَاد in 28:85, Classical interpretations differ over the specific destination; the core sense is a place or final state of return.
Unassigned or ambiguous evidence
lane-unit:Ewd:5183:g1:sub2: the source itself suggests that the cited Form VI wording may be a mistaken reading for a form of تَعاوَرَ.
lane-unit:Ewd:5195:g1:main: عَيْدَان ‘tall palm-trees’ is explicitly said to be assignable either to this root, عيد, or عدن.