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Quranic root

عقد

ʿ · q · d

The root centers on fastening, binding, and firm connectedness.

From physically tying or joining things, the semantic range develops toward binding agreements and obligations, firm mental adherence, consolidation, and things becoming compact or firmly established.

  • Maqāyīs · row 3263
  • Mufradāt · row 997
4
Quran-attested forms
6
Quran senses
7
Quran occurrences

Forms in the Quran

The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.

عَقَدَ

ʿaqada

Part of speech
Verb · Form I
Form
I
Quran occurrences
1 occurrence

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. To bind, conclude, or ratify a covenant, agreement, or comparable obligation.

    In 4:33, the expression concerns a binding or ratifying relationship expressed through oaths or right hands; the Quranic occurrence is a feminine perfect form.

    • Lane · entry 4054
    • Mufradāt · row 997
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 4:33word 9

    pledged

عَقَّدَ

ʿaqqada

Part of speech
Verb · Form II
Form
II
Quran occurrences
1 occurrence

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. To bind, confirm, or make binding an oath.

    The Form II occurrence refers specifically to binding or confirming oaths; the doubled form may express intensified or deliberate binding without requiring a separate lexical branch.

    • Lane · entry 4054
    • Lane · entry 4055
    • Mufradāt · row 997
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 5:89word 10

    you contracted

عُقْدَة

ʿuqdah

Part of speech
Noun
Quran occurrences
4 occurrences

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. A binding bond or contract, especially the marriage bond.

    Used of a bond or obligation that has been formed or ratified; the Quranic occurrences in al-Baqarah concern the marriage bond.

    • Lane · entry 4067
    • Mufradāt · row 997
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 2:235word 29

    the knot

    Quran 2:237word 21

    (is the) knot

  2. A knot or impediment in speech.

    In 20:27, the knot is figurative: a restraint or impediment affecting fluent speech.

    • Lane · entry 4054
    • Lane · entry 4067
    • Mufradāt · row 997
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 20:27word 2

    (the) knot

  3. A knot made for sorcery.

    In the expression النَّفَّاثَاتِ فِي الْعُقَدِ, the plural denotes knots made or used by sorceresses in magical practice.

    • Lane · entry 4067
    • Mufradāt · row 997
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 113:4word 5

    the knots

عَقْد

ʿaqd

Part of speech
Noun
Quran occurrences
1 occurrence

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. Contracts, covenants, agreements, or other binding obligations.

    This plural noun can include contractual arrangements and, in religious usage, obligations or ordinances imposed by God or mutually undertaken in accordance with religion.

    • Lane · entry 4063
    • Mufradāt · row 997
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 5:1word 5

    the contracts

Occurrences in the Quran

Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.

  • 2:235عُقْدَةَthe knot
  • 2:237عُقْدَةُ(is the) knot
  • 4:33عَقَدَتْpledged
  • 5:1بِٱلْعُقُودِ ۚthe contracts
  • 5:89عَقَّدتُّمُyou contracted
View all 7 occurrences

Broader Classical Arabic meanings

Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.

Show 92 Classical meanings
  • عَقَدَ

    To tie, knot, fasten, or make firm, especially a cord or rope.

    The basic physical action is contrasted with loosening and may also be applied to tying a banner.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ

    To arrange beard or hair into knots or curls.

    A conventional grooming or war-related use.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ

    To exert and prepare oneself for action.

    A figurative use based on tying or securing a rope.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ نَاصِيَتَهُ

    To become angry and prepare to do mischief.

    An idiomatic expression literally referring to knotting the forelock.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ عُنُقَهُ إِلَيْهِ

    To have recourse to someone for refuge or protection.

    An idiomatic, figurative construction.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ

    To count or reckon by bending and extending the fingers.

    The object may be the calculation itself or the fingers used in counting.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ

    To close or cling fast during sexual coupling.

    A specialized physiological or sexual construction.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عُقِدَتِ السِّبَاعُ

    To be restrained from attacking by means of charms or talismans.

    A figurative or magical usage reported in traditional expression.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ التَّاجَ

    To put a crown upon the head.

    A conventional construction with the crown as object.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ البِنَاءَ

    To arch or vault a building, and to cement it with gypsum.

    A constructional use referring to forming or securing an arched structure.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ الثَّمَرَ

    For a plant to form and compact its fruit.

    Used of fruit developing into a compact formation.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ

    To produce or form fat and flesh; for fat to become formed and compact.

    Used of pasture in relation to the fat or flesh produced by grazing animals, and of fat itself.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ

    To thicken or become inspissated.

    Used of liquids such as rob, tar, honey, and date juice, commonly through boiling.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ بَطْنُهُ

    For the belly to become constipated.

    A bodily resultative use.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقِدَ

    To have an impediment in the tongue; to be tongue-tied.

    The impediment may make free speech difficult.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقِدَ

    For sand to become moistened and cohere.

    A resultative use describing sand after heavy rain.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ

    To impose an obligation or require an undertaking or security.

    Used with an object such as a tax, obligation, engagement, or security.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَدَ قَلْبَهُ عَلَى

    To settle or determine the heart or mind firmly upon something.

    A figurative binding of one's resolve or adherence.

    • Lane · entry 4054
  • عَقَّدَ

    To tie many things into knots, especially forelocks or mane hair.

    The Form II conveys repeated or multiple knotting in the cited construction.

    • Lane · entry 4055
  • عَقَّدَ

    To make speech or language obscure.

    A figurative Form II use, as though the speech had been made knotty.

    • Lane · entry 4055
  • عَاقَدَ

    To unite with another in a contract, covenant, compact, treaty, or engagement.

    The construction takes the other party as its object and concerns mutual agreement.

    • Lane · entry 4056
  • أَعْقَدَ

    To thicken or cause a liquid to become inspissated.

    Used of rob, tar, honey, and similar substances by boiling.

    • Lane · entry 4057
  • تَعَقَّدَ

    To become gathered into an arched or constructed form.

    Used of a rainbow resembling an arch and of a collection of clouds.

    • Lane · entry 4058
  • تَعَقَّدَ

    For the inner casing of a well to project below while the upper part recedes.

    A technical description of the structure of a well.

    • Lane · entry 4058
  • تَعَقَّدَ

    To accumulate, congest, or become compacted into lumps.

    Used of sand and moist earth.

    • Lane · entry 4058
  • تَعَقَّدَتِ القَرْحَةُ

    For a wound or ulcer to form into a knot or lump.

    A resultative medical use.

    • Lane · entry 4058
  • تَعَاقَدَ

    To enter jointly into a contract, covenant, treaty, or engagement.

    The reciprocal Form VI describes parties agreeing among themselves.

    • Lane · entry 4059
  • تَعَاقَدَتِ الكِلَابُ

    For animals to become locked together in sexual coupling.

    A specialized reciprocal construction used of dogs.

    • Lane · entry 4059
  • اِنْعَقَدَ

    For a cord or rope to become tied, knotted, or firmly fastened.

    The intransitive Form VII describes the resulting state.

    • Lane · entry 4060
  • اِنْعَقَدَ

    For a sale, marriage, contract, or compact to be concluded, settled, or ratified.

    Used of an agreement becoming effective or established.

    • Lane · entry 4060
  • اِنْعَقَدَ

    For an animal's tail to become twisted.

    A physical resultative use.

    • Lane · entry 4060
  • اِنْعَقَدَ

    For hair to become knotted, crisp, or curly.

    Used of hair acquiring a compact or twisted form.

    • Lane · entry 4060
  • اِنْعَقَدَ

    For dates or other fruit to become organized and compact.

    A resultative botanical use.

    • Lane · entry 4060
  • اِعْتَقَدَ

    To hold something firmly in the heart or mind; to believe or be certain of it.

    Especially used of religious doctrines and firmly held convictions.

    • Lane · entry 4061
  • اِعْتَقَدَ

    To acquire, buy, or collect property or an estate.

    The acquired property may consist of land, houses, or other assets.

    • Lane · entry 4061
  • اِعْتَقَدَ أَخًا

    To adopt someone as a brother in God.

    A conventional social or religious relationship.

    • Lane · entry 4061
  • اِعْتَقَدَ

    To make pearls, beads, or similar items into a necklace.

    A causative arrangement of separate items into a connected string.

    • Lane · entry 4061
  • اِعْتَقَدَ

    For a date-stone or other thing to become hard.

    A resultative use describing hardening.

    • Lane · entry 4061
  • اِعْتَقَدَ

    For fraternity or a bond between people to become true, sincere, and firmly established.

    Used of a relationship becoming securely grounded.

    • Lane · entry 4061
  • اِعْتَقَدَ

    To shut or lock a door upon oneself in order to die.

    A rare, attributed lexical usage with a variant reported by other authorities.

    • Lane · entry 4061
  • اِسْتَعْقَدَ

    For a female animal to desire the male.

    A specialized Form X use reported of a sow.

    • Lane · entry 4062
  • عَقْدٌ

    Responsibility, accountability, or suretiship.

    A nominal extension of binding obligation; synonymous with ضَمَانٌ.

    • Lane · entry 4063
  • عَقْدٌ

    An arch, vault, or curved architectural structure.

    The plural may denote arches or vaulted structures.

    • Lane · entry 4063
  • عَقْدٌ

    A decimal number from ten through ninety.

    A technical numerical use; the plural is عُقُودٌ.

    • Lane · entry 4063
  • عِقْدٌ

    A necklace or string on which beads are strung.

    A nominal object worn around the neck, including a necklace for a child.

    • Lane · entry 4064
  • عَقَدٌ

    A twist or knot-like formation in an animal's tail or horn.

    Used of the tail of a sheep or goat and the horn of a he-goat.

    • Lane · entry 4065
  • عَقَدٌ

    Canker, corrosion, decay, or blackness in a tooth.

    A specialized dental term.

    • Lane · entry 4065
  • عَقِدٌ

    Compact, accumulated, or clumped earth or sand.

    Used of moist earth and of sand that has accumulated or congested.

    • Lane · entry 4066
    • Lane · entry 4068
    • Lane · entry 4069
  • عَقِدٌ

    A meadow whose herbage is continuous or uninterrupted.

    A descriptive epithet for dense, continuous vegetation.

    • Lane · entry 4066
  • عَقِدٌ

    Short, strong, and enduring in labor, when applied to a camel.

    An adjectival use describing the camel's build or endurance.

    • Lane · entry 4066
  • عَقِدَةٌ

    A tree or wooded growth that provides sufficient sustenance or pasture.

    Also applied to a place rich in trees or palms and useful as grazing.

    • Lane · entry 4066
    • Lane · entry 4067
  • عُقْدَةٌ

    The star called a Piscium.

    A specialized astronomical name explained through the idea of a knot or junction.

    • Lane · entry 4067
  • عُقْدَةٌ

    A figurative knot whose loosening denotes the calming of anger.

    In the idiom تحلّلت عقده, the knots are metaphorical.

    • Lane · entry 4067
  • عُقْدَةٌ

    Judgment, deliberation, or competence in managing affairs.

    Used idiomatically of strength or weakness in a person's judgment and administration.

    • Lane · entry 4067
  • عُقْدَةٌ

    A ratified pledge of obedience or allegiance, and by extension a governorship or prefecture.

    Used of authority or office established through a binding pledge.

    • Lane · entry 4067
  • عُقْدَةٌ

    A node, joint, articulation, or uneven juncture of a bone or finger.

    Includes a protuberant or irregularly set bone and the joints or phalanges of the fingers.

    • Lane · entry 4067
    • Lane · entry 4077
  • عُقْدَةٌ

    A knot or node in a cane, tree, horn, or mountain structure.

    Used of a structural point or knot-like formation in various natural objects.

    • Lane · entry 4067
  • عُقْدَةٌ

    A plant node, bud, or compact roundish fruiting body.

    The plant node is the point from which a leaf emerges; the term also covers certain compact plant growths.

    • Lane · entry 4067
  • عُقْدَةٌ

    A node or intersection of a planet's path.

    Used in the dual expression for the two planetary nodes.

    • Lane · entry 4067
  • عُقْدَةٌ

    A small nodular lump, ganglion, gland, or knob.

    A general anatomical or physical use for a compact protuberance.

    • Lane · entry 4067
  • عُقْدَةٌ

    The enlarged, locked penis of a dog during copulation.

    A specialized anatomical term restricted to the stated physiological condition.

    • Lane · entry 4067
  • عُقْدَةٌ

    An estate or property consisting of land, houses, palms, or revenue-producing holdings.

    The estate is understood as an acquired possession.

    • Lane · entry 4067
  • عُقْدَةٌ

    A wooded or herbage-rich place, a garden of palms, or dependable pasture.

    The term may denote land, trees, or remaining pasture sufficient for animals.

    • Lane · entry 4067
  • عُقْدَةٌ

    Anything on which a person relies and through which he feels established or adequately provided for.

    Often realized as sufficient property or an estate.

    • Lane · entry 4067
  • عَقَدَةٌ

    The thick root or base of the tongue.

    An anatomical noun.

    • Lane · entry 4068
  • عَقَدَانٌ

    A species or variety of dates.

    A specialized botanical or agricultural noun.

    • Lane · entry 4070
  • عَقِيدٌ

    A person united with another in a contract or covenant; a confederate.

    Also used figuratively of someone bound by nature to generosity or meanness.

    • Lane · entry 4071
  • عَقِيدٌ

    Thick, thickened, or inspissated.

    Used adjectivally of rob, honey, and similar substances.

    • Lane · entry 4071
  • عَقِيدَةٌ

    A firmly held belief, creed, doctrine, or religious tenet.

    The noun denotes what a person holds firmly in the heart or mind, especially without doubt.

    • Lane · entry 4072
  • عَاقِدٌ

    A she-camel that has conceived and twists or holds her tail as though tying it.

    The bodily sign indicates conception after mating.

    • Lane · entry 4054
    • Lane · entry 4073
  • عَاقِدٌ

    A gazelle that twists its tail or bends its neck in a characteristic posture.

    The term covers several described postures, including lying down or raising the head protectively.

    • Lane · entry 4073
  • عَاقِدٌ

    One who twists his neck out of pride.

    An idiomatic description of proud bearing.

    • Lane · entry 4073
  • عَاقِدٌ

    Thoroughly cooked and reduced food from which the water has gone.

    Applied particularly to a cooked preparation called أَقِط.

    • Lane · entry 4073
  • عَاقِدٌ

    The protected space or surrounding area of a well.

    A technical geographical use referring to the well's ḥarīm and its surroundings.

    • Lane · entry 4073
  • عُنْقُودٌ

    A raceme or bunch of grapes, dates, or similar fruit.

    A botanical noun for fruit borne together in a cluster.

    • Lane · entry 4075
  • أَعْقَدُ

    An animal having a twisted or knot-like tail or a knot in its horn.

    Applied to wolves, dogs, rams, sheep, goats, and similar animals; the feminine form is also used.

    • Lane · entry 4076
  • أَعْقَدُ

    Tongue-tied or unable to speak freely.

    An adjectival counterpart to the verbal description of a speech impediment.

    • Lane · entry 4076
  • أَعْقَدُ

    Mean and difficult or stubborn in disposition.

    Used in the expression لَئِيمٌ أَعْقَدُ.

    • Lane · entry 4076
  • عَقْدَاءُ

    A female slave.

    A specialized lexical use of the feminine form.

    • Lane · entry 4076
  • مَعْقِدٌ

    The place where something is tied, joined, or knotted; figuratively, a person's near standing or a point where qualities are joined.

    Includes the idioms مَعْقِدَ الإِزَارِ and مَعَاقِدِ العِزِّ.

    • Lane · entry 4077
  • مَعْقِدٌ

    A joint, articulation, or place of juncture between two bones.

    An anatomical use closely related to the notion of a joining point.

    • Lane · entry 4077
  • مُعَقَدٌ

    A garment or textile associated with the manufacture of Hجر.

    A specialized traditional term recorded in a transmitted expression.

    • Lane · entry 4079
  • مُعَقَدٌ

    Tied in many knots or made intricately knotty.

    The doubled form marks multiplicity or abundance of knots.

    • Lane · entry 4079
    • Lane · entry 4080
  • مُعَقَدٌ

    Obscure or rendered difficult to understand.

    Applied figuratively to language that has been made knotty or intricate.

    • Lane · entry 4079
  • مُعَقِّدٌ

    An enchanter or magician who ties knots as part of sorcery.

    The occupational sense derives from the practice of knotting magical cords or threads.

    • Lane · entry 4080
  • مَعْقُودٌ

    Tied, knotted, or firmly fastened, especially a cord or rope.

    The passive participle describes the resulting secured state.

    • Lane · entry 4082
  • مَعْقُودٌ

    Firmly attached or cleaving, as good fortune is said to cleave to horses' forelocks.

    A figurative idiom based on something being tied to or inseparable from another.

    • Lane · entry 4082
  • مَعْقُودٌ

    A sale, contract, compact, or similar agreement that has been concluded or ratified.

    The passive participle is used substantively of an agreement in force.

    • Lane · entry 4082
  • مَعْقُودٌ

    A settled or determined opinion or judgment.

    In the expression ليس له معقود, the noun denotes an established view.

    • Lane · entry 4082
  • مَعْقُودٌ

    Arched, vaulted, or furnished with arches.

    Applied to a building or structure.

    • Lane · entry 4082
  • يَمِينٌ مُنْعَقِدَةٌ

    An oath binding a person to do or refrain from doing something in the future.

    A technical legal expression for a future-oriented binding oath.

    • Lane · entry 4085
  • يَعْقِيدٌ

    Honey thickened by fire, or food or wheat thickened with honey.

    A specialized culinary noun.

    • Lane · entry 4086

Cautions

Points that affect how this root should be read.

  • The public Form I headword is normalized from the Quranic feminine perfect form عَقَدَتْ to the dictionary citation form عَقَدَ.

  • The Quranic noun عُقْدَة spans distinct contexts of a marriage bond, a speech impediment, and sorcery knots; these are separated above.