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Quranic root

حلم

ḥ · l · m

The root displays three distinct semantic axes: restraint of haste and anger, perforation or decay, and seeing something in sleep.

The restraint branch yields forbearance and related sound judgment; the sleep branch includes dreams and, by association, puberty; the perforation branch yields tick infestation and damaged skins. The lexical sources treat these branches as substantially distinct.

  • Maqāyīs · row 1439
  • Mufradāt · row 353
2
Quran-attested forms
4
Quran senses
21
Quran occurrences

Forms in the Quran

The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.

حَلِيمٌ

ḥalīmun

Part of speech
Adjective
Quran occurrences
15 occurrences

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. Forbearing, clement, and slow to anger or retaliation.

    Used of human beings and as a divine epithet. In 11:89, the adjective is reported as usable rhetorically or ironically in a context of scoffing.

    • Lane · entry 15490
    • Mufradāt · row 353
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 11:75word 3

    (was) certainly forbearing

    Quran 37:101word 3

    forbearing

حُلْمٌ، حُلُمٌ

ḥulmun, ḥulumun

Part of speech
Noun
Quran occurrences
6 occurrences

Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.

  1. A dream or vision seen in sleep; in the Quranic plural, dreams, including confused or troubling dreams.

    The noun may be used generally for a dream or vision; some classical usage distinguishes it from a favorable vision and associates it especially with an evil or confused dream. The Quranic examples include أَضْغَاثُ أَحْلَامٍ, “confused dreams.”

    • Lane · entry 15484
    • Mufradāt · row 353
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 12:44word 3

    dreams

  2. Puberty or sexual maturity.

    In the construction بَلَغَ الحُلُمَ, it denotes reaching the stage of puberty or virility rather than a dream.

    • Lane · entry 15488
    • Mufradāt · row 353
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 24:58word 11

    puberty

  3. Understandings, minds, or sound judgment.

    A figurative Quranic plural usage in أَحْلَامُهُمْ; this sense is explained as an association with intelligence and sound judgment, not as the primary meaning of a dream.

    • Lane · entry 15485
    • Mufradāt · row 353
    Selected Quran examples

    Quran 52:32word 3

    their minds

Occurrences in the Quran

Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.

  • 2:225حَلِيمٌۭMost Forbearing
  • 2:235حَلِيمٌۭMost Forbearing
  • 2:263حَلِيمٌۭAll-Forbearing
  • 3:155حَلِيمٌۭAll-Forbearing
  • 4:12حَلِيمٌۭAll-Forbearing
View all 21 occurrences

Broader Classical Arabic meanings

Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.

Show 32 Classical meanings
  • حَلَمَ

    To dream of sexual intercourse; by extension, to experience a nocturnal emission.

    A specialized construction within the broader meaning of dreaming in sleep.

    • Lane · entry 15476
  • حَلَمَ

    To attain puberty or virility.

    A verbal use associated with the attainment of sexual maturity.

    • Lane · entry 15476
  • حَلُمَ

    To be or become forbearing, clement, moderate, gentle, deliberate, and calm; to manage one's temper when anger is aroused.

    The verb may also describe forgiving or concealing offenses and delaying retaliation.

    • Lane · entry 15476
  • حَلُمَ

    To be intelligent or sound in understanding.

    A secondary or figurative usage treated as an effect or result of forbearance and intelligence rather than its primary signification.

    • Lane · entry 15476
  • حَلِمَ

    For a camel, to become infested with many ticks.

    The verb describes infestation by the insects called حَلَم.

    • Lane · entry 15476
  • حَلِمَ

    For a hide or skin, to become worm-eaten, perforated, and spoiled.

    The damage is caused by the worms or ticks called حَلَم.

    • Lane · entry 15476
  • حَلَمَهُ

    To remove the ticks or worms called حَلَم from a camel, hide, or skin.

    A transitive removal construction.

    • Lane · entry 15476
  • حَلَّمَهُ

    To make someone forbearing, declare or regard someone as forbearing, enjoin forbearance upon someone, or attribute forbearance to someone.

    The Form II verb can express making, labeling, believing, or urging someone to possess حِلْم.

    • Lane · entry 15477
  • حَلَّمَهُ

    To fatten a suckling lamb or kid.

    A causative usage referring to growth in bodily fullness.

    • Lane · entry 15477
  • حَلَّمَهُ

    To fill a skin or leather container.

    A causative fullness construction, distinct from making a person forbearing.

    • Lane · entry 15477
  • أَحْلَمَتِ

    For a woman, to give birth to children who are forbearing or clement.

    The Form IV verb is used of the qualities attributed to the children born.

    • Lane · entry 15478
  • تَحَلَّمَ

    To pretend or falsely claim to have dreamed or seen a vision in sleep; to feign a dream or use one as a pretext.

    This is a deceptive or affected use, not simply the occurrence of a dream.

    • Lane · entry 15479
  • تَحَلَّمَ

    To affect or endeavor to acquire forbearance and clemency.

    The Form V verb can describe deliberate cultivation of the quality, whether or not it is yet fully possessed.

    • Lane · entry 15479
  • تَحَلَّمَتِ

    For a cooking pot, to cease boiling.

    A figurative usage contrasted with boiling or agitation.

    • Lane · entry 15479
  • تَحَلَّمَ

    To become full, plump, or fat; for a skin, to become full or filled.

    The usage is reported of living creatures and of a skin or container; the underlying notion is fullness.

    • Lane · entry 15479
  • تَحَالَمَ

    To make a show of possessing forbearance without actually possessing it.

    The Form VI verb emphasizes affected or ostentatious forbearance.

    • Lane · entry 15480
  • حُلْمٌ، حُلُمٌ

    A dream of sexual intercourse in sleep.

    A specialized nominal use within the broader dream vocabulary.

    • Lane · entry 15488
  • أَحْلَامُ نَائِمٍ

    A kind of thick, striped cloth or garment associated with the people of Medina.

    A specialized lexical expression, literally referring to the dreams of a sleeper.

    • Lane · entry 15484
  • حِلْمٌ

    Forbearance, clemency, moderation, gentleness, deliberateness, patience, gravity, calmness, and self-command under anger.

    The noun includes forgiving or concealing offenses, delaying requital, and possessing the power to restrain an angry response.

    • Lane · entry 15485
  • حَلِمٌ

    A camel bearing many ticks, or spoiled by an abundance of them.

    A nominal description of a camel affected by حَلَم.

    • Lane · entry 15487
  • حَلِمٌ

    A hide or skin spoiled and perforated by ticks or worms; also a young goat whose skin has been damaged in this way.

    The term is applied to the resulting condition of the hide or animal skin.

    • Lane · entry 15487
  • حَلَمَةٌ

    A tick, especially a large tick or one in the last stage of its growth.

    The word may denote an individual tick or function as a collective designation for such ticks.

    • Lane · entry 15489
  • حَلَمَةٌ

    The nipple or small protuberance of the breast.

    The anatomical sense is figurative, based on the form or size of the tick called حَلَمَةٌ, and applies to human male and female breasts.

    • Lane · entry 15489
  • حَلَمَةٌ

    A worm that attacks the skin of sheep or goats and leaves it thin or prone to tearing when tanned.

    A specialized insect or worm sense, distinct from the tick sense.

    • Lane · entry 15489
  • حَلَمَةٌ

    A species of plant or pasture herb.

    The plant is described as a rough-leaved, flowering desert plant; authorities differ over its precise identification.

    • Lane · entry 15489
  • حَلِيمَةٌ مُغْتَاظَةٌ

    A stone cooking pot, in a figurative appellation suggesting calmness despite containing boiling contents.

    An idiomatic tropical expression.

    • Lane · entry 15490
  • حَلِيمٌ

    A fat camel, or a camel becoming fat.

    A non-moral adjectival use of حَلِيمٌ, separate from forbearance.

    • Lane · entry 15490
  • حَالِمٌ

    One who is dreaming, especially one dreaming of sexual intercourse or experiencing an emission in sleep.

    The active participle has a specialized sleep-related use.

    • Lane · entry 15491
  • حَالِمٌ

    One who has attained puberty or virility.

    A generalized use derived from the sleep-related and sexual-maturity vocabulary.

    • Lane · entry 15491
  • حَالُومٌ

    A preparation of thickened milk or dried curd resembling fresh cheese.

    A dialectal Egyptian term.

    • Lane · entry 15492
  • أَحْلَامٌ

    Bodies or physical forms.

    A specialized plural usage for which no ordinary singular is supplied.

    • Lane · entry 15493
  • أَضْرَاسُ الحُلُمِ

    The wisdom teeth or teeth of puberty.

    An idiom naming the teeth that emerge after the earlier teeth have become established.

    • Lane · entry 15488

Cautions

Points that affect how this root should be read.

  • The QAC nominal group حُلُم combines the plural أَحْلَام with the singular حُلُمَ; the dictionary therefore keeps their dream, puberty, and understanding senses distinct under one public nominal form.