Quranic root
حدق
ḥ · d · q
The root centers on something enclosing, surrounding, or bounded around another thing.
From this orientation arise the eye's dark central part set within the surrounding white, fixed or intense looking, encircling, and the garden as a bounded or watered tract. The garden term is also explained through resemblance to the eye in form and in the presence of water.
- Maqāyīs · row 1318
- Mufradāt · row 303
- 1
- Quran-attested forms
- 1
- Quran senses
- 3
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
حَدِيقَة
ḥadīqah
- Part of speech
- Noun · plural form حَدَائِق
- Quran occurrences
- 3 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A garden or watered, cultivated tract of land; in the Quran, gardens.
The attested Quranic form is the broken plural حَدَائِقُ, occurring in the supplied locations as حَدَآئِقَ. The Quran-focused explanation describes the حديقة as a piece of land containing water and relates its naming to the eye in form and in the presence of water.
- Mufradāt · row 303
- Lane · entry 13813
Selected Quran examples
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
View all 3 occurrencesBroader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 15 Classical meanings
حَدَقَ
To look at something; of a group, to fix their eyes on someone.
Form I. The expression may describe people casting the blacks of their eyes toward someone.
- Lane · entry 13806
حَدَقَ
To hit or hurt the black of the eye.
Form I transitive usage.
- Lane · entry 13806
حَدَقَ
Of a dying person, to open the eyes and move or twinkle the eyelids.
A usage specifically reported of one who is dying.
- Lane · entry 13806
حَدَّقَ
To look intently, rolling or displaying the black of the eye.
Form II; used with the object of the gaze, commonly with إِلَى.
- Lane · entry 13807
أَحْدَقَ
To surround, encompass, encircle, or go round something.
Often constructed with بِـ. It may be said of people, a town, a wall, a house, death, or other things; the eye-specific expression includes making the blacks of the eyes surround someone.
- Lane · entry 13808
أَحْدَقَ
Of a meadow, to become a garden by producing herbage.
A Form IV intransitive usage describing the transformation of a meadow into a حديقة.
- Lane · entry 13808
حَدَقٌ
A collective term for the fruit of the eggplant.
A reported botanical or collective-noun usage; a variant spelling with ذ is noted but not established.
- Lane · entry 13811
حَدَقَة
The black or central round part of the eye; by extension, sometimes the eye as a whole.
Descriptions distinguish the larger black portion from the pupil or central ناظر, while other accounts use the term for the eye more broadly. Its plurals include أَحْدَاق, حَدَقَات, and حِدَاق. Expressions also describe people looking at a speaker, and refer to accurate throwers or shooters in an associated idiom.
- Lane · entry 13812
حَدَقَة
A moisture-rich tract abounding in herbage.
A figurative usage comparing such a tract with the moist eye of a camel.
- Lane · entry 13812
حَدِيقَة
A walled, fenced, or otherwise bounded garden or planted plot; by extension, a garden or tree-filled meadow, including a palm grove, orchard, vineyard, or crop plot.
The term may also denote a distinct collection of palm trees. It is used figuratively of garden-like beauty or language.
- Lane · entry 13813
حَدِيقَة
A hollow or depressed place in a valley that retains water.
A topographical extension of the garden term; water need not still be present in the depression.
- Lane · entry 13813
حُدَلِقَة
A large or prominent eye, especially one whose globe or black projects noticeably.
Used adjectivally of an eye and compared with جَاحِظَةٌ.
- Lane · entry 13814
حُدَلِقَة
A reported term for an otherwise unidentified body part; one account identifies it as the epiglottis.
The identification is uncertain and attributed to particular speakers or authorities.
- Lane · entry 13814
حَدَوْلَق
Short and compact.
A rare adjectival usage.
- Lane · entry 13815
مُحَدِّق
A difficult or distressing affair or event that causes people to look intently.
A substantivized active-participle usage describing an alarming circumstance.
- Lane · entry 13819
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Quranic public headword is normalized to the singular حَدِيقَة, while the attested Quranic form is its broken plural حَدَائِق. Classical descriptions extend حديقة beyond a walled garden to broader garden, meadow, crop-plot, and topographical uses; those extensions are kept separate from the Quran-attested watered-garden sense.