Quranic root
جوز
j · w · z
The root expresses two related orientations: traversing or cutting through something, and the middle or interior of something.
The lexical development connects passage through the middle with crossing, leaving something behind, and passing beyond it. From this arise related senses of permissibility, validity, figurative transfer, and—by metaphor—providing water for passage.
- Maqāyīs · row 1257
- Mufradāt · row 280
- 2
- Quran-attested forms
- 3
- Quran senses
- 5
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
جَاوَزَ
jāwaza
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form III
- Form
- III
- Quran occurrences
- 4 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To cross or pass beyond a thing, leaving it behind.
A transitive crossing or passing construction; the Quranic uses include crossing a place or body of water and passing beyond a stopping-point.
- Mufradāt · row 280
Selected Quran examples
Quran 2:249word 31
“he crossed it”
Quran 18:62word 2
“they had passed beyond”
To lead or take someone across; to make someone pass through or beyond something.
A transitive construction in which a person or group is led across a route, boundary, or obstacle.
- Mufradāt · row 280
- Lane · entry 47758
Selected Quran examples
Quran 7:138word 1
“And We led across”
Quran 10:90word 1
“And We took across”
تَجَاوَزَ
tajāwaza
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form VI
- Form
- VI
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To pass over an offense without punishment; to overlook or forgive.
Used with عَنْ for passing over a person’s offense or the offense itself; the Quranic use describes divine overlooking.
- Lane · entry 47760
Selected Quran examples
Quran 46:16word 8
“and We will overlook”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 2:249جَاوَزَهُۥhe crossed it
- 7:138وَجَـٰوَزْنَاAnd We led across
- 10:90۞ وَجَـٰوَزْنَاAnd We took across
- 18:62جَاوَزَاthey had passed beyond
- 46:16وَنَتَجَاوَزُand We will overlook
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 51 Classical meanings
جَازَ
To go or pass through, in, along, or beyond a place or road; to leave it behind.
Form I usage with a place, road, or comparable object; the related expressions include passing by or over something.
- Lane · entry 47755
جَازَ
Of money or a thing: to pass as current or be accepted.
Used of currency that circulates or is accepted as valid payment.
- Lane · entry 47755
جَازَ
To be allowable, lawful, valid, or effective.
Used of a sale, marriage, contract, or other act that passes as legally sound or has effect.
- Lane · entry 47755
جَاوَزَ
To exceed or transgress a proper limit, measure, or degree.
Used with a boundary, limit, measure, or comparable standard; it can describe excess or immoderation.
- Lane · entry 47757
جَاوَزَ
To pass from one thing to another.
A transition construction using مِنْ ... إِلَى ... or an equivalent expression.
- Lane · entry 47757
جَاوَزَ
To be easy or accommodating in selling and demanding.
A conventional description of a person’s disposition toward leniency in commercial dealings.
- Lane · entry 47757
أَجَازَ
To make someone or something pass through, across, or beyond a place.
A causative Form IV construction; it may describe leading people, animals, or other travelers across a route.
- Lane · entry 47758
أَجَازَ
To make something pass or be current.
Used especially of making a name or coin pass as current.
- Lane · entry 47758
أَجَازَ
To allow, permit, or hold something to be lawful.
A Form IV permissive construction, including allowing an act or approving its permissibility.
- Lane · entry 47758
أَجَازَ
To grant a license or authorization to transmit and teach what one has received from teachers.
A technical scholarly usage referring to authorization to transmit heard material.
- Lane · entry 47758
أَجَازَ
To execute, ratify, or give legal effect to a sale, marriage, contract, judgment, or opinion.
Used of an authority or judge making an act effective or decreeing it.
- Lane · entry 47758
أَجَازَ
To provide water sufficient for someone, land, or animals to continue their journey or be watered.
A specialized and figurative Form IV usage involving supplying water for a route, field, livestock, or travelers.
- Lane · entry 47758
أَجَازَ
To give someone a gift, present, or grant.
A figurative extension associated with providing what enables a person to proceed or pass onward.
- Lane · entry 47758
تَجَوَّزَ
Of the darkness of night: to clear away.
An intransitive Form V usage describing the passing or clearing of night.
- Lane · entry 47759
تَجَوَّزَ
To relax, shorten, or be less exacting in an act or procedure.
Used especially of performing a prayer briefly or with remission, including doing less than the full measure considered sufficient.
- Lane · entry 47759
تَجَوَّزَ
To accept money without rejecting it for defects or irregularity.
Used of accepting dirhams as they are, including when mixed with inferior pieces or fewer than expected.
- Lane · entry 47759
تَجَوَّزَ
To bear with something through patience, forgiveness, feigned neglect, or connivance.
Used of treating one affair more leniently than another.
- Lane · entry 47759
تَجَوَّزَ
To use a trope or figurative expression in speech.
A rhetorical usage connected with transferring a word beyond its original application.
- Lane · entry 47759
تَجَاوَزَ
To exceed or transgress a limit.
A Form VI usage equivalent to exceeding a proper boundary or measure.
- Lane · entry 47760
تَجَاوَزَ
To feign neglect of an offense or connive at it.
A distinct non-punitive or indulgent usage apart from explicitly forgiving the offense.
- Lane · entry 47760
اِسْتَجَازَ
To ask or demand permission from someone.
Form X seeking authorization to act or proceed.
- Lane · entry 47762
اِسْتَجَازَ
To request a scholarly license to transmit what one has heard and learned.
A technical scholarly usage corresponding to authorization for teaching received material.
- Lane · entry 47762
اِسْتَجَازَ
To ask someone for water for land, animals, or a journey.
A specialized usage of seeking water sufficient to irrigate, water livestock, or continue along a road.
- Lane · entry 47762
اِسْتَجَازَ
To approve or find something acceptable.
A reported conventional usage meaning to regard something favorably or as acceptable.
- Lane · entry 47762
جَوْزٌ
The middle or central part of a thing, including the main part of a desert, camel, or night.
A noun of location or central portion; its plural is أَجْوَازٌ.
- Lane · entry 47763
جَوْزٌ
The walnut or walnut fruit.
A borrowed botanical noun used for the familiar edible fruit and its tree.
- Lane · entry 47763
جَوْزُ بَوَّى
Nutmeg, a fragrant medicinal seed.
A compound botanical and medical term, distinct from the ordinary noun for a walnut.
- Lane · entry 47763
جَوْزُ مَاثِلٍ
Datura or thorn-apple, used as a medicinal substance.
A compound name for a particular medicinal plant whose seed is described in the lexical evidence.
- Lane · entry 47763
جَوْزُ القَيْءِ
Nux vomica, a medicinal substance.
A compound medical term for a drug associated with the properties of white hellebore.
- Lane · entry 47763
جَوْزُ الهِنْدِ
The coconut or coconut fruit.
A compound botanical term, also called النَّارَجِيل.
- Lane · entry 47763
الجَوْزَاءُ
A constellation, especially Gemini.
The name is explained in relation to the constellation’s position across the middle of the sky.
- Lane · entry 47766
الجَوْزَاءُ
Orion, the constellation also called الجَبَّارُ.
A distinct astronomical application of the same conventional name.
- Lane · entry 47766
جَوَازٌ
The act of watering or giving drink, especially a single watering of camels.
A specialized noun associated with providing water to livestock.
- Lane · entry 47767
جَوَازٌ
Water supplied to animals, crops, or a traveler for the journey.
The water itself, or the quantity supplied so that a person or animal can travel from one watering-place to another.
- Lane · entry 47767
جَوَازٌ
A traveler’s pass or safe-conduct document.
A document given to prevent opposition while traveling; this sense is a figurative extension from enabling passage.
- Lane · entry 47767
جَوَازٌ
The office or authority of a guardian and marriage affiancer.
A specialized legal or social usage concerning guardianship in marriage.
- Lane · entry 47767
جَائِزٌ
Current or circulating; of money, verses, or proverbs that pass from place to place.
An active-participial usage describing what is accepted or widely circulated.
- Lane · entry 47768
جَائِزٌ
Allowable, valid, legally sound, or effective.
Used of a contract, sale, marriage, or comparable act that passes as lawful and has effect.
- Lane · entry 47768
جَائِزٌ
A beam or crosspiece supporting the ends of roof timbers between two walls.
A concrete architectural noun with plural forms referring to roof-supporting beams.
- Lane · entry 47768
جَائِزَةٌ
A draught, single watering, or quantity of water sufficient for a traveler to pass between watering-places.
A specialized water-related noun, with distinctions between a draught, a single watering, and a traveler’s supply.
- Lane · entry 47769
جَائِزَةٌ
A gift or present.
A conventional figurative extension of a provision given to someone for onward passage or travel.
- Lane · entry 47769
جَائِزَةٌ
Kindness, courtesy, or provisions given to a guest or visiting envoy.
May refer specifically to provisions supplied to a departing guest for a day and a night after hospitality.
- Lane · entry 47769
مَجَازٌ
A way, road, path, or bridge by which one travels from one side or end to another; figuratively, a means to an aim.
The concrete passage may be a road or bridge; the figurative use treats an action or thing as a route to an objective.
- Lane · entry 47770
مَجَازٌ
A privy or place where one performs ablution.
A specialized place-name distinct from the general sense of a road or passage.
- Lane · entry 47770
مَجَازٌ
A trope: a word or phrase used beyond its original sense through analogy or another connection.
A rhetorical term contrasted with حَقِيقَةٌ; it includes metaphor and other transferred usage.
- Lane · entry 47770
مُجِيزٌ
An authorized agent, executor, or other representative who carries out another’s instructions.
May refer to an appointed executor, an authorized trading slave, or a commissioned agent.
- Lane · entry 47772
مُجِيزٌ
A guardian and marriage affiancer for a woman.
A specialized legal-social usage equivalent to وَلِيٌّ in the context of arranging marriage.
- Lane · entry 47772
مُجِيزٌ
The manager of an orphan’s affairs.
A specialized fiduciary or guardianship role.
- Lane · entry 47772
مَجَازَةٌ
Land containing or abounding in walnut trees.
A geographic adjective or noun describing a place rich in جَوْز, walnuts.
- Lane · entry 47773
مُجْتَازٌ
One who goes or passes along a road.
An active participle describing a traveler or someone penetrating along a route.
- Lane · entry 47775
مُجْتَازٌ
One who loves to hasten or outstrip others.
A figurative specialization of the traveler or passer’s tendency to press ahead.
- Lane · entry 47775
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
Lane’s cited Quran passages in the Form IV discussion use historical chapter-number conventions; the quoted crossing expression is associated here with the supplied QAC Form III occurrences, and no modern location is inferred from Lane’s notation.
The Quranic Form III and Form VI senses are kept separate from broader Classical branches of the same root and from related Form I, IV, V, VIII, and X entries.