Quranic root
جهر
j · h · r
The root centers on making something perceptible by exposing, declaring, or raising it, especially through visible manifestation or audible speech.
The semantic range develops from becoming conspicuous or perceptible to public disclosure, loud utterance, direct visibility, prominence, and related notions of bringing something into the open or making it emerge.
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- Mufradāt · row 273
- Lane · entry 47585
- 4
- Quran-attested forms
- 6
- Quran senses
- 16
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
جَهَرَ
jahara
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form I
- Form
- I
- Quran occurrences
- 5 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To make something public, disclose it, or state it openly.
In Quranic usage, the object is speech or an utterance, including what is publicly stated as opposed to what is concealed.
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Selected Quran examples
Quran 13:10word 7
“publicizes”
Quran 67:13word 4
“proclaim”
To utter aloud or raise the voice.
Used of speech, prayer, recitation, or voice when it is made plainly audible or louder rather than kept quiet.
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Selected Quran examples
جَهْر
jahr
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 7 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Public or open disclosure; what is made manifest or openly stated.
In Quranic usage, it may denote publicly expressed speech or anything disclosed in contrast with what is hidden.
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Selected Quran examples
Quran 4:148word 4
“the public mention”
Quran 6:3word 9
“and what you make public”
Quran 16:75word 19
“and publicly”
Quran 21:110word 3
“the declared”
Quran 87:7word 7
“the manifest”
Loudness or raised audibility of speech.
Used especially of speech or voice that is made plainly audible or louder.
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Selected Quran examples
Quran 7:205word 8
“the loudness”
Quran 49:2word 14
“like (the) loudness”
جَهْرَة
jahrah
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 3 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Openly, plainly, or visibly, without concealment or an intervening veil.
In Quranic usage, especially in the expression of seeing something directly or having it occur openly; the form is adverbial in these contexts.
- Lane · entry 47595
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Selected Quran examples
جِهَار
jihār
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Publicly or openly.
An adverbial noun used with public speech or calling, contrasting with secrecy or concealment.
- Lane · entry 47585
- Mufradāt · row 273
Selected Quran examples
Quran 71:8word 4
“publicly”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 2:55جَهْرَةًۭmanifestly
- 4:148ٱلْجَهْرَthe public mention
- 4:153جَهْرَةًۭmanifestly
- 6:3وَجَهْرَكُمْand what you make public
- 6:47جَهْرَةًopenly
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 50 Classical meanings
جَهَرَ
To be or become plain, apparent, conspicuous, open, or public; more emphatically, to become readily perceptible to sight or hearing.
An intransitive use describing a thing becoming conspicuous or perceptible, distinct from the Quranic transitive uses of publicly uttering speech.
- Lane · entry 47585
جَهُرَ
To be or become great or bulky, and thereby conspicuous before the beholder.
Applied to a person or object whose size makes it prominent.
- Lane · entry 47585
جَهُرَ
Of a voice: to rise, become high, or become loud; of a person: to have a high or loud voice.
An intransitive vocal-quality use.
- Lane · entry 47585
جَهَرَ
To be unable or weak to see in sunlight; of the sun, to dazzle the eye and confuse the sight.
Applied to a person, eye, or the effect of sunlight on vision.
- Lane · entry 47585
جَهَرَ
To make known what was concealed, including one's wrongdoing, inner thoughts, a hidden story, or an affair.
A specialized disclosure construction, broader than ordinary public speech.
- Lane · entry 47585
جَهَرَ
To discover or see something with the eyes.
A transitive ocular-perception use.
- Lane · entry 47585
جَهَرَ
To see or regard someone directly, without a veil intervening; to consider someone worthy of notice.
May describe direct visual regard or recognition of a person's standing.
- Lane · entry 47585
جَهَرَ
To regard someone as great, and consequently treat that person with reverence, respect, or honor; also to be pleased by beauty or appearance.
A perception-based evaluative use applied to persons or their appearance.
- Lane · entry 47585
جَهَرَ
To see an army or people as numerous or imposing.
An idiomatic visual-assessment use.
- Lane · entry 47585
جَهَرَ
To clear a well of its black, fetid mud; to exhaust or nearly exhaust its water; or to reach and expose its water while digging.
Applied to wells and their clearing or excavation; the resulting water is described as appearing clear.
- Lane · entry 47585
جَهَرَ
To come upon people in the morning while they are unaware.
A specialized expression for arriving at dawn or early morning upon unsuspecting people.
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جَهَرَ
To traverse land without knowledge or awareness.
A specialized usage concerning movement through land.
- Lane · entry 47585
جَهَرَ
To shake a milk-skin to produce butter and take the butter out.
Applied to churning or extracting butter from a milk-skin.
- Lane · entry 47585
جَاهَرَ
To fight face to face or show open enmity or hostility toward another.
A Form III reciprocal or interpersonal construction of overt confrontation.
- Lane · entry 47586
جَاهَرَ
To recite or speak aloud.
Applied to audible recitation, speech, or loud speaking.
- Lane · entry 47586
جَاهَرَ
To vie with or strive to overcome another in an affair.
A reported Classical usage whose wording is accompanied by a textual note suggesting possible transcriptional corruption.
- Lane · entry 47586
أَجْهَرَ
To beget sons described as goodly in stature or aspect, or, in one reported description, a squint-eyed son.
A specialized Form IV usage attributed to particular lexical authorities.
- Lane · entry 47587
تَجَاهَرَ
To show oneself openly, act openly, or conduct oneself openly with others; also to display mutual hostility openly.
A reciprocal or reflexive Form VI construction.
- Lane · entry 47588
تَجَاهَرَ
To feign inability to see in the sun.
A specialized Form VI usage linked to the solar-vision branch.
- Lane · entry 47588
اِسْتَجْهَرَ
To take something forth or bring it out.
A reported Form X usage, distinct from the pointer to other meanings of the root.
- Lane · entry 47590
جُهْرَة
A blaze covering the face of a horse.
A nominal description of a horse's facial marking.
- Lane · entry 47596
جُهْرَة
A cast or defect in the eye.
An anatomical use distinct from the Quranic adverbial جَهْرَة.
- Lane · entry 47596
جَهْوَرٌ
An army seen as numerous.
A nominal descriptive use applied to an army.
- Lane · entry 47599
جَهْوَرٌ
Bold or daring.
A reported adjectival use.
- Lane · entry 47599
جَهِير
High, loud, or vehement speech or voice; a person possessing such a voice.
An adjectival description of speech, voice, or its speaker.
- Lane · entry 47600
جَهِير
Pleasing or goodly in aspect, with a beautiful or well-formed appearance.
Applied to a person, face, or body.
- Lane · entry 47600
جَهِير
Adapted or constituted for goodness and beneficence.
A figurative adjectival use, especially in the expressions جَهِيرٌ لِلْخَيْرِ and جَهِيرٌ لِلْمَعْرُوفِ.
- Lane · entry 47600
جَهِير
Milk that has not been mixed with water, or from which the butter has been taken.
A specialized nominal use applied to milk.
- Lane · entry 47600
جُهَارَة
Pleasingness or goodliness of aspect, outward appearance, or form.
A nominal quality of a person's appearance, sometimes extended to what pleases by its beauty.
- Lane · entry 47601
الجَهِيرَة
Public behavior or outward conduct, as opposed to secret conduct.
Attested in the fixed expression contrasting public behavior with inward or secret conduct.
- Lane · entry 47603
جَوْهَر
A jewel, precious stone, gem, pearl, or native ore from which something useful is extracted.
A lexicalized noun whose derivation from this root is debated in the source tradition.
- Lane · entry 47605
جَوْهَر
The diversified wavy marks, streaks, or grain of a sword.
A specialized noun for the patterned surface of a sword.
- Lane · entry 47605
جَوْهَر
The essence, substance, or constitutive basis of a thing.
A technical philosophical sense for what a thing's constitution is based upon.
- Lane · entry 47605
جَوْهَر
An indivisible atom.
A technical, figurative extension of the noun.
- Lane · entry 47605
جَوْهَر
Substance as opposed to accident.
A conventional scholastic-theological sense.
- Lane · entry 47605
جَوْهَرِيّ
A jeweller or seller of jewels.
A derived occupational noun.
- Lane · entry 47606
جَوْهَرِيّ
Of or relating to substance as opposed to accident.
A technical scholastic adjective.
- Lane · entry 47606
أَجْهَر
Having a prominent, large, or conspicuous eyeball.
Applied to a man or to an eye, with a corresponding feminine form in the lexical discussion.
- Lane · entry 47607
أَجْهَر
Having a pleasing or attractive cast in the eye.
A physical-description use.
- Lane · entry 47607
أَجْهَر
Unable or weak to see in sunlight or daytime.
Applied to a person, ram, or eye; distinct from inability to see at night.
- Lane · entry 47607
أَجْهَر
Of a horse: having a blaze covering the face.
An adjectival description of a horse.
- Lane · entry 47607
أَجْهَر
Open, bare, or plain land without concealing trees, hills, or sands.
Applied to unobstructed terrain.
- Lane · entry 47607
أَجْهَر
The distinguished or most excellent members of a people or tribe.
A collective noun for the notable part of a group.
- Lane · entry 47607
مِجْهَر
A person accustomed to speaking in a plain, open, or public voice.
An instrument-pattern noun describing a habitual speaker.
- Lane · entry 47609
مَجْهُور
Notorious, plain, apparent, or conspicuous.
Applied to a thing or person as the result of being publicly known or clearly manifest.
- Lane · entry 47611
مَجْهُور
A voiced letter, pronounced with the voice rather than breath alone.
A technical phonetic term opposed to مَهْمُوس.
- Lane · entry 47611
مَجْهُور
Water drawn from the earth after having been buried in it, so that it has become sweet.
A specialized description of water.
- Lane · entry 47611
مَجْهُورَة
A well cleared and cleansed of its black, fetid mud.
A feminine nominal description of a cleaned well.
- Lane · entry 47611
مَجْهُور
Wells that are frequented or in use, whether their water is sweet or saline.
A specialized plural or collective use concerning wells.
- Lane · entry 47611
مُتَجَاهِر
One who feigns inability to see in the sun.
A participial use connected with the specialized solar-vision branch.
- Lane · entry 47614
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Quranic جَهْرَة usage is associated with direct or unconcealed perception, while the lexical discussion also records alternative grammatical analyses of the form.
The reported Form III usage meaning to vie or strive to overcome is retained as a Classical branch because it is stated lexically, but the source text notes that its wording may reflect transcriptional corruption.
The etymology of جَوْهَر is disputed in the lexical evidence: it is connected by one account with this root and by another with Persian.