Quranic root
جزع
j · z · ʿ
The root has two principal semantic branches: interruption or cutting off, and a variegated gemstone. The first concerns crossing or bending, small portions, and grief that cuts a person off from an intended action; the second concerns the onyx and things marked by contrasting colors.
The interruption branch develops from cutting something across or off to a valley's crossing-place or bend, a small remainder or portion, and severe grief that removes one's capacity to persist. Interruption of color gives rise to the name of the variegated onyx and to descriptions of multicolored objects.
- Maqāyīs · row 1148
- Mufradāt · row 249
- Lane · entry 46693
- Lane · entry 46699
- 2
- Quran-attested forms
- 2
- Quran senses
- 2
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
جَزِعَ
jaziʿa
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form I
- Form
- I
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To be or become distressed and impatient at what befalls one, unable to bear it; to suffer grief that diverts one from the action or purpose at hand.
In the Quranic contrast with ṣabr, the term denotes more than ordinary grief: an affliction-induced loss of patience that turns a person away from the intended undertaking.
- Lane · entry 46693
- Mufradāt · row 249
Selected Quran examples
Quran 14:21word 28
“whether we show intolerance”
جَزُوعٌ
jazūʿun
- Part of speech
- Adjective · intensive
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Markedly impatient and distressed, with little ability to bear affliction.
An intensive adjective related to جَزِعَ, characterizing a pronounced response of impatience to hardship.
- Lane · entry 46702
Selected Quran examples
Quran 70:20word 4
“distressed”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
View all 2 occurrencesBroader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 24 Classical meanings
جَزْعٌ
The act of cutting or cutting off.
- Lane · entry 46693
جِزْعَةٌ
A portion cut off from property or wealth.
Used for a portion taken from property, including a portion of a flock.
- Lane · entry 46693
جَزَعَ
To cross or pass from one side of a valley, tract of land, desert, or other place to the other.
The object may be a valley, land, desert, or place; the expression can denote crossing it in any manner.
- Lane · entry 46693
جَزَّعَ
To become partly ripe, especially of a full-grown date or a grape.
The degree of ripening is variously described as about half or two-thirds, or simply as partial ripening.
- Lane · entry 46694
جَزَّعَ
Of a watering-trough or tank, to have only a little water remaining.
An intransitive usage describing the scant remainder in a trough or tank.
- Lane · entry 46694
جَزَّعَ
To put a small amount of water into a skin or water-container.
A transitive usage with a skin or similar vessel as the object.
- Lane · entry 46694
جَزَّعَ
To cause another person's impatience or grief to cease by comforting or consoling them.
The construction takes the distressed person as its object and involves speech or conduct that removes grief or fear.
- Lane · entry 46694
أَجْزَعَ
To leave or cause to remain a remainder, especially less than half.
Used with جِزْعَةٌ or جُزْعَةٌ for the remainder left behind.
- Lane · entry 46695
أَجْزَعَ
To cause someone to become impatient or unable to bear what has befallen them.
A causative construction in which the affected person is the object.
- Lane · entry 46695
تَجَزَّعَ
To divide spoil among themselves.
Used with الغنيمة, or spoil, as the divided possession.
- Lane · entry 46696
اِنْجَزَعَ
To break apart or split, especially into halves or pieces.
Used of a rope, staff, spear, arrow, or similar object; a break only at the extremity is excluded in the cited usage.
- Lane · entry 46697
اِجْتَزَعَ
To break off and cut away a branch, rod, or piece of wood for oneself.
The object is taken from a tree or comparable source of wood.
- Lane · entry 46698
جَزْعٌ
A variegated onyx or similar gemstone, especially one marked by blackness and whiteness.
The term is also used for beads or gems from Yemen or China and for the individual stone.
- Lane · entry 46699
جِزْعٌ
A section of a valley, including its bend, middle, end, side, crossing-place, or a widened part.
Classical descriptions vary as to the precise section intended; the plural is أَجْزَاعٌ.
- Lane · entry 46700
جِزْعٌ
A place where people alight or abide.
- Lane · entry 46700
جِزْعٌ
Elevated ground beside a low or depressed area.
- Lane · entry 46700
جِزْعٌ
A bee-hive.
The plural is given as أَجْزَاعٌ.
- Lane · entry 46700
جَزِعٌ
Impatient and unable to bear what befalls one.
The related forms جَزُوعٌ and جُزَاعٌ are reported with an intensive signification.
- Lane · entry 46702
جِزْعَةٌ
A small quantity, portion, or remainder of property, water, milk, or a flock; often less than half.
It may denote water or milk remaining in a skin, vessel, pool, trough, or tank, a portion of property or livestock, and, figuratively, a part of the night less than half.
- Lane · entry 46704
جِزْعَةٌ
A place among collected trees where camels or other beasts are made to rest or confined.
The place is associated with resting animals at night, during cold, hunger, return from watering, or rain.
- Lane · entry 46704
جَازِعٌ
A crosswise piece of wood supporting or bearing upon something.
Used for the crosspiece in a grape trellis and for a piece placed between two things to support a load.
- Lane · entry 46708
- Mufradāt · row 249
مُجَزَّعٌ
Marked or interrupted by contrasting colors, especially black and white or white and red.
Applied to gems, flesh, and objects such as date-stones whose surfaces have contrasting areas or have been partly scraped to expose a different color.
- Lane · entry 46709
مُجَزَّعٌ
A full-grown date that has become partly ripe, commonly from the bottom.
The reported degree is about half, two-thirds, or simply partial ripening.
- Lane · entry 46709
مُجَزِّعٌ
Describing a watering-trough or tank that has only a little water remaining.
A conventional adjectival description of a trough or tank with scant water.
- Lane · entry 46710
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The public verb headword جَزِعَ is normalized from the inflected QAC surface form جَزِعْ.
The Quranic occurrence جَزُوعًا is tagged nominally in QAC but is presented here as the intensive adjective جَزُوعٌ; classical sources distinguish its intensive force from the ordinary adjective جَزِعٌ.