Quranic root
جرم
j · r · m
The root centers on cutting off or separating something. From this developed the ideas of acquiring something as though taking a portion, and of sin as a blameworthy acquisition or consequence.
The same orientation extends to cutting wool or fruit, dates and date refuse, completion as being cut off from what precedes, acquisition or earning, and the body as something bounded or formed. The fixed expression لَا جَرَمَ developed an emphatic sense of inevitability or certainty.
- Maqāyīs · row 1139
- Mufradāt · row 245
- 5
- Quran-attested forms
- 6
- Quran senses
- 66
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
جَرَمَ
jarama
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form I
- Form
- I
- Quran occurrences
- 3 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To cause, induce, or incite someone to do or undergo something.
In the Quranic construction يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ + subject, the construction may express causing or inducing an outcome, including inciting someone toward sin; translations such as “incite,” “cause,” and “prevent” reflect the context rather than separate lexical senses.
- Lane · entry 46570
- Mufradāt · row 245
Selected Quran examples
Quran 5:2word 28
“incite you”
Quran 5:8word 10
“prevent you”
Quran 11:89word 3
“(Let) not cause you to sin”
أَجْرَمَ
ʾajrama
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form IV
- Form
- IV
- Quran occurrences
- 5 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To commit a sin, crime, fault, or other punishable wrongdoing.
The Quranic Form IV verb describes blameworthy acquisition or commission of wrongdoing; its subject may be a person or group, and the context may render the act as committing crimes or sins.
- Lane · entry 46570
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Selected Quran examples
Quran 30:47word 13
“committed crimes”
Quran 11:35word 12
“crimes you commit”
Quran 34:25word 5
“sins we committed”
إِجْرَام
ʾijrām
- Part of speech
- Verbal noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Committing a sin or other punishable wrongdoing; criminal conduct.
A verbal noun corresponding to أَجْرَمَ, referring to the act or responsibility of committing wrongdoing.
- Lane · entry 46570
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Selected Quran examples
Quran 11:35word 8
“(is) my crime”
لَا جَرَمَ
lā jarama
- Part of speech
- Fixed expression
- Quran occurrences
- 5 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Surely; indeed; inevitably it is the case that.
A fixed Quranic expression, commonly followed by أَنَّ and a clause. It emphatically presents a consequence as certain or unavoidable and is variously rendered “indeed,” “surely,” or “no doubt”; it is not simply the ordinary noun جُرْمٌ “sin.”
- Lane · entry 46578
- Mufradāt · row 245
Selected Quran examples
مُجْرِم
mujrim
- Part of speech
- Active participle
- Quran occurrences
- 52 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A sinner, criminal, or person who commits punishable wrongdoing.
The active participle is used substantivally and adjectivally, with inflected forms referring to individuals or groups characterized by such wrongdoing.
- Lane · entry 46588
- Mufradāt · row 245
Selected Quran examples
The unbelievers, as a designation for those who reject faith.
This specialized plural usage is explicitly reported as a Quranic designation in a cited Quran passage; it is a contextual designation within the broader sense of culpable wrongdoing, not a general synonym for every unbeliever in all contexts.
- Lane · entry 46588
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 5:2يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْincite you
- 5:8يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْprevent you
- 6:55ٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ(of) the criminals
- 6:123مُجْرِمِيهَا(of) its criminals
- 6:124أَجْرَمُوا۟committed crimes
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 38 Classical meanings
جَرَمَ
To cut or cut off; to shear wool and to cut fruit from palm trees.
The object may be wool, a sheep's fleece, palm trees, or dates; the palm-harvesting use includes cutting off the fruit.
- Lane · entry 46570
جَرَمَ
To estimate by conjecture the quantity of fruit on palm trees.
A specialized palm-cultivation usage, also associated with acquiring or taking an estimated quantity.
- Lane · entry 46570
جَرَمَ
To gain, acquire, or earn; to bring about or occasion a result.
The earning construction may refer to seeking sustenance for one's family. In causative-result contexts, an action is said to earn or occasion a consequence, such as anger.
- Lane · entry 46570
جَرَمَ
To commit a sin, crime, fault, offence, or act of disobedience.
The verb may take the sin or crime as its object or express commission against a person or group. This is the Form I lexical branch, distinct from the Quranic Form IV citation form أَجْرَمَ.
- Lane · entry 46570
جَرِمَ
To eat the dates that have fallen during palm harvesting.
The usage refers to fallen dates remaining among the palm branches.
- Lane · entry 46570
جَرِمَ
To become great in bodily size.
The transmitted discussion contains a disputed reading between enlargement of the body and enlargement of sin; the bodily interpretation is represented here as the preferred lexical correction.
- Lane · entry 46570
جَرِمَ
To become clear in colour.
- Lane · entry 46570
جَرِمَ
To become clear in the voice.
- Lane · entry 46570
جَرِمَ بِهِ
To adhere or stick to someone or something.
The attested examples concern blood adhering to a person or tar adhering to a camel.
- Lane · entry 46570
جَرَّمَ
To cut off vehemently or repeatedly.
This is an intensive Form II cutting usage.
- Lane · entry 46571
جَرَّمَ
To go forth from a group or people.
Attested in the construction جَرَّمْنَاهُمْ.
- Lane · entry 46571
جَرَّمَ
To complete the winter.
A specialized Form II temporal usage.
- Lane · entry 46571
أَجْرَمَ التَّمْرُ
For dates to reach the time when they are to be cut from the palm.
This is a Form IV intransitive agricultural construction, distinct from the Quranic transitive wrongdoing sense of أَجْرَمَ.
- Lane · entry 46572
تَجَرَّمَ
To become complete, end, or pass away.
Used of a year, winter, or night becoming completed or ending; it can also describe the passage of a specified number of nights.
- Lane · entry 46573
تَجَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِ
To accuse someone of a sin or crime that the person did not commit.
The construction specifically conveys a false or unfounded accusation.
- Lane · entry 46573
تَجَرَّمَ
To guard oneself against committing sin or crime.
A reflexive ethical usage comparable to guarding oneself from sin.
- Lane · entry 46573
تَجَرَّمَ
To call, cry out, shout, or vociferate.
This sense is associated with جِرْمٌ in the sense of voice or vocal sound.
- Lane · entry 46573
جَرْمٌ
Hot or vehemently hot.
Used adjectivally of land or a region; the term is reported as an Arabicized word in this sense.
- Lane · entry 46575
جَرْمٌ
A boat of Yemen.
A nautical noun, also called نَقِيرَةٌ; later regional usage extends it to a large Egyptian grain and cargo boat.
- Lane · entry 46575
جُرْمٌ
A sin, crime, fault, offence, or transgression.
The noun may include wrongdoing committed intentionally or inadvertently and has plural forms أَجْرَامٌ and جُرُومٌ.
- Lane · entry 46576
جِرْمٌ
The body or bodily mass; by extension, a physical or celestial body.
The technical expression الأَجْرَامُ الفَلَكِيَّةُ refers to heavenly bodies such as orbs and stars.
- Lane · entry 46577
جِرْمٌ
The throat or fauces.
The idiom يَضِيقُ بِهِ الجِرْمُ figuratively describes a great or formidable matter, as though the throat could not swallow it.
- Lane · entry 46577
جِرْمٌ
The voice, especially its highness or loudness.
In حَسَنُ الجِرْمِ, the word may refer to the quality or projection of the voice; the analysis also relates it to the bodily source of the voice.
- Lane · entry 46577
جِرْمٌ
Colour.
Used, for example, in speaking of the colour of filth.
- Lane · entry 46577
أَجْرَامٌ
The utensils or apparatus of a pastor.
A specialized plural noun.
- Lane · entry 46577
جِرْمَةٌ
People who cut the fruit of palm trees.
A collective or quasi-plural designation for palm harvesters.
- Lane · entry 46580
جِرْمَةٌ
Ripening dates cut from palm trees.
The term may refer to the cut dates themselves rather than the people who harvest them.
- Lane · entry 46580
جَرَامٌ
Dry dates.
- Lane · entry 46583
جَرَامٌ
Date stones; also a date stone.
The plural and singular uses are attested in descriptions of the origin of a palm tree and its fruit.
- Lane · entry 46583
جَرِيمٌ
Dates cut from the tree; also, a cut tree.
The same lexical branch describes something separated by cutting, including a tree that has been cut.
- Lane · entry 46584
جَرِيمٌ
An implement used to pound or crush date stones.
A specialized tool noun.
- Lane · entry 46584
جَرِيمٌ
Large-bodied; especially describing large, mature camels.
The adjective has a plural جِرَامٌ and may be used with or without a feminine ending according to the construction.
- Lane · entry 46584
جَرِيمٌ
The measure called a مُدّ in the Hijaz.
A regional metrological term, reported especially for the Prophet's mudd measure.
- Lane · entry 46584
جُرَامَةٌ
Dates fallen or collected after they are cut from the tree; also the cut-off ends of wheat or barley.
The grain sense refers to the extremities that are bruised and then cleared; the more common term for that material is reported as جُذَامَةٌ.
- Lane · entry 46585
جَرِيمَةٌ
The last of a person's offspring.
The expression conveys the notion that generation or offspring is cut off after it.
- Lane · entry 46586
جَارِمٌ
One who cuts off the fruit of palm trees.
The noun can also denote the activity of cutting off the palm fruit.
- Lane · entry 46587
جَارِمٌ
A gainer, acquirer, or earner of sustenance for his family.
Used in the possessive construction جَارِمُ أَهْلِهِ or with the family as object.
- Lane · entry 46587
مُجَرَّمٌ
A completed or past year; also a completed month.
The passive-looking form functions as an adjective or noun for a period that has elapsed or been completed.
- Lane · entry 46589
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Quranic Form I construction يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ has closely related interpretations such as cause, induce, incite, or lead into sin; these are retained within one constructional sense.
The Quranic fixed expression لَا جَرَمَ has several grammatical and etymological analyses in the evidence, but its attested function is emphatic certainty or inevitability.
The active-participle designation of unbelievers is explicitly reported in the lexical evidence for a cited Quran passage; the supplied QAC occurrence list does not include that cited location as an example.
A Classical entry concerning جَرِمَ includes a disputed reading between bodily enlargement and enlargement of sin; the bodily reading is recorded separately and marked as disputed.