Quranic root
جمع
j · m · ʿ
The root denotes bringing separate parts, persons, or things into mutual proximity or a unified whole.
From the basic idea of joining or drawing together, the root develops meanings of collecting, assembling, accumulation, union, comprehensive inclusion, resolution, and the state or place in which things come together.
- Maqāyīs · row 1217
- Mufradāt · row 264
- 11
- Quran-attested forms
- 14
- Quran senses
- 129
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
- جَمَعَVerb · Form I I · 22
- أَجْمَعَVerb · Form IV IV · 4
- اِجْتَمَعَVerb · Form VIII VIII · 2
- أَجْمَعُEmphatic determiner · 26
- جَامِعٌActive participle · 3
- جَمِيعٌCollective adverbial / adjective · 53
- جَمْعٌNoun · 13
- جُمُعَةٌProper noun · 1
- مَجْمَعٌNoun · 2
- مَجْمُوعٌPassive participle · 2
- مُجْتَمِعٌActive participle · 1
جَمَعَ
jamaʿa
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form I
- Form
- I
- Quran occurrences
- 22 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To collect, gather, or bring separate persons or things together; to assemble or reunite them.
Used transitively for people, objects, wealth, or other things that are brought together from a dispersed state; it can also describe bringing separated parties together.
- Lane · entry 47344
- Mufradāt · row 264
Selected Quran examples
Quran 3:25word 3
“We will gather them”
Quran 10:58word 10
“they accumulate”
Quran 75:9word 1
“And are joined”
Quran 18:99word 10
“then We (will) gather them”
أَجْمَعَ
ʾajmaʿa
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form IV
- Form
- IV
- Quran occurrences
- 4 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To determine, resolve, or decide upon an affair; to settle one's plan for it.
Especially used with an affair, opinion, stratagem, or undertaking as its object; agreement or unanimity may result from the resolution but is not required in every occurrence.
- Lane · entry 47347
- Mufradāt · row 264
Selected Quran examples
Quran 10:71word 20
“So you all resolve”
Quran 12:15word 4
“and agreed”
To combine all one's means, resources, or stratagems for an undertaking.
A constructional extension in which the things brought together are the available devices or resources for a planned action; it is explicitly discussed for the Quranic command concerning stratagems.
- Lane · entry 47347
Selected Quran examples
Quran 20:64word 1
“So put together”
اِجْتَمَعَ
āijtamaʿa
- Part of speech
- Verb · Form VIII
- Form
- VIII
- Quran occurrences
- 2 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
To come together, gather together, unite, or coalesce.
Intransitive or used with a companion or object of association; the subject may be a group, several things, or separate parties that become mutually joined.
- Lane · entry 47350
- Mufradāt · row 264
Selected Quran examples
Quran 17:88word 3
“gathered”
Quran 22:73word 17
“they gathered together”
أَجْمَعُ
ʾajmaʿu
- Part of speech
- Emphatic determiner
- Quran occurrences
- 26 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
All of them; altogether, as an emphatic corroborative of a preceding collective expression.
Used with a definite noun or pronoun to reinforce total inclusion and collective unity; the Quranic form أَجْمَعُونَ/أَجْمَعِينَ is inflected according to its syntactic position.
- Lane · entry 47367
- Mufradāt · row 264
Selected Quran examples
جَامِعٌ
jāmiʿun
- Part of speech
- Active participle
- Quran occurrences
- 3 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Gathering or assembling; one who brings persons or things together.
In the Quran it describes the divine gathering of people and may function as an active participle in a nominal predicate.
- Lane · entry 47365
- Mufradāt · row 264
Selected Quran examples
Quran 3:9word 3
“will gather”
Quran 4:140word 28
“will gather”
Collective or gathering-producing; an affair of such importance that people assemble because of it.
Used of an affair, event, or occasion that gathers people, rather than of the people who perform the gathering.
- Lane · entry 47365
- Mufradāt · row 264
Selected Quran examples
Quran 24:62word 12
“(of) collective action”
جَمِيعٌ
jamīʿun
- Part of speech
- Collective adverbial / adjective
- Quran occurrences
- 53 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
All, whole, or all together; collectively and without exclusion.
It may qualify a group or thing as a totality and may also be used adverbially to emphasize that an action is performed collectively.
- Lane · entry 47361
- Mufradāt · row 264
Selected Quran examples
جَمْعٌ
jamʿun
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 13 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A gathered body, assembly, collective group, or force.
It can denote a group of people or other beings, including opposing hosts or military forces considered as gathered bodies.
- Lane · entry 47352
- Mufradāt · row 264
Selected Quran examples
Quran 3:155word 7
“the two hosts”
A gathering, collection, or occasion on which persons or things are brought together.
Used for the act or event of assembly, including the eschatological Day of Gathering and the gathering of separate things.
- Lane · entry 47352
- Mufradāt · row 264
Selected Quran examples
Quran 42:7word 13
“(of) Assembly”
Quran 28:78word 23
“(in) accumulation”
جُمُعَةٌ
jumuʿahun
- Part of speech
- Proper noun
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Friday, the day of congregational gathering for prayer.
The Quranic proper-name use refers to the day on which people are summoned to the communal prayer.
- Lane · entry 47356
- Mufradāt · row 264
Selected Quran examples
Quran 62:9word 9
“(of) Friday”
مَجْمَعٌ
majmaʿun
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 2 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A meeting place or junction; in the Quran, the place where the two seas meet.
A place-name or locative noun for the point at which separate bodies or things come together.
- Lane · entry 47368
Selected Quran examples
Quran 18:60word 9
“the junction”
Quran 18:61word 3
“the junction”
مَجْمُوعٌ
majmūʿun
- Part of speech
- Passive participle
- Quran occurrences
- 2 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Collected, gathered, assembled, or brought together.
The passive participle can describe people or things gathered from separate places without implying that they have become a single object.
- Lane · entry 47374
- Mufradāt · row 264
Selected Quran examples
Quran 11:103word 11
“(will) be gathered”
Quran 56:50word 1
“Surely, will be gathered”
مُجْتَمِعٌ
mujtamiʿun
- Part of speech
- Active participle
- Quran occurrences
- 1 occurrence
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
Coming together, assembled, or gathered into one group.
The Quranic plural form describes persons who are assembled or gathered together; it is the active-participle counterpart of اِجْتَمَعَ.
- Lane · entry 47376
- Mufradāt · row 264
Selected Quran examples
Quran 26:39word 5
“assemble”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 2:29جَمِيعًۭاall
- 2:38جَمِيعًۭا ۖall (of you)
- 2:148جَمِيعًا ۚtogether
- 2:161أَجْمَعِينَall together
- 2:165جَمِيعًۭاall
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 88 Classical meanings
جَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابَهُ
To put on or arrange one's clothes around oneself.
An idiomatic Form I construction concerning clothing.
- Lane · entry 47344
جَمَعَتِ الجَارِيَةُ
To reach young womanhood or become full-grown.
A figurative use based on the gathering or putting on of the items of a woman's dress.
- Lane · entry 47344
جَمَعَ بِامْرَأَةٍ
To go in to a woman or have sexual intercourse.
An idiomatic and explicitly marked figurative Form I expression; the construction itself, not the gender or status of an illustrative subject, is lexical.
- Lane · entry 47344
جَمَعَ
To compose, arrange, or settle a thing or an affair.
A broader Classical use in which parts or considerations are brought into an ordered state.
- Lane · entry 47344
جَمَعَ
To comprise, encompass, or contain.
Describes something whose contents or components are gathered within it.
- Lane · entry 47344
جَمَعَ
To pluralize a word or make it have a plural.
A grammatical technical use.
- Lane · entry 47344
جَمَّعَ
To collect or accumulate much, vigorously, or with unusually effective effort.
Form II intensifies the gathering or accumulation; it is distinct from the ordinary Form I and is discussed with the Quranic expression about amassing wealth, although no separate QAC Form II group is supplied.
- Lane · entry 47345
حَمَّعَتِ الدَّجَاجَةُ
A hen collected her eggs within her body.
A specialized Form II use.
- Lane · entry 47345
جَمَّعُوا
To attend the Friday congregation and perform the Friday prayer.
A specialized Form II use referring to attendance at the Friday gathering.
- Lane · entry 47345
جَامَعَهُ عَلَى أَمْرٍ
To combine with and assist someone in carrying out an affair.
Form III reciprocal or cooperative construction.
- Lane · entry 47346
جَامَعَ امْرَأَتَهُ
To have sexual intercourse with his wife.
A Form III idiom; جِمَاعٌ is used as its associated verbal noun.
- Lane · entry 47346
اسْتَأْجَرَ الأَجِيرَ مُجَامَعَةً
To hire a hired worker for a specified weekly payment.
A specialized lexical construction preserved separately from the cooperation and sexual senses.
- Lane · entry 47346
أَجْمَعَ الشَّيْءَ
To put a thing together or drive a body of animals together.
A concrete Form IV use, including collecting spoil or camels from different quarters.
- Lane · entry 47347
أَجْمَعَ
To prepare or make something ready.
A Form IV extension of settling the matter for action.
- Lane · entry 47347
أَجْمَعَ بِالنَّاقَةِ
To bind all the teats of a she-camel together.
A specialized agricultural or pastoral construction.
- Lane · entry 47347
أَجْمَعَ
To dry or dry up a thing.
A specialized Form IV use, including drying pools or moisture.
- Lane · entry 47347
أَجْمَعَ المَطَرُ الأَرْضَ
For rain to make all parts of the land flow, or for land to flow throughout its tracts.
A specialized use referring to water extending through both soft and hard ground.
- Lane · entry 47347
انْجَمَعَ
To withdraw oneself from people.
A specialized Form VII intransitive use.
- Lane · entry 47349
اجْتَمَعَ
To become compact, compressed, or contracted in frame or structure.
A physical extension of coming together, distinct from the Quranic gathering of persons or things.
- Lane · entry 47350
اجْتَمَعَ
For a man to attain full manly vigor and for his beard to become full-grown.
A specialized Classical use explicitly restricted by the lexical evidence to a man, not a woman.
- Lane · entry 47350
اجْتَمَعَ فِي الحَاجَةِ
To act quickly and vigorously in accomplishing a needed affair.
The expression portrays the person as collecting all his energy for the task.
- Lane · entry 47350
اجْتَمَعَتِ القِدْرُ
For a cooking pot to boil.
A specialized intransitive use.
- Lane · entry 47350
اجْتَمَعَ
For a thing or affair to become composed, arranged, or settled.
A figurative state of internal parts or circumstances being brought into order.
- Lane · entry 47350
اجْتَمَعَ مَعَهُ / عَلَيْهِ
To meet or associate with someone; to combine, conspire, or be allied with others against someone; or for opinions to agree.
The construction with a companion or an affair expresses association or agreement; the construction against someone expresses concerted action.
- Lane · entry 47350
اسْتَجْمَعَ الجُنُودَ
To summon or demand the gathering of every body of soldiers or military forces.
A transitive Form X use; the source itself notes that this usage may be post-Classical.
- Lane · entry 47351
اسْتَجْمَعَ
To become collected or gathered together.
Intransitive Form X, explicitly equated with اِجْتَمَعَ and تَجَمَّعَ.
- Lane · entry 47351
اسْتَجْمَعَ السَّيْلُ
For a torrent to collect from every place or flow throughout every part of a valley.
A specialized use describing complete spread or collection of water.
- Lane · entry 47351
اسْتَجْمَعَتْ لَهُ أُمُورُهُ
For one's affairs or circumstances to combine favorably.
The subject is a set of circumstances that all come together in a pleasing way.
- Lane · entry 47351
اسْتَجْمَعَ الفَرَسُ جَرْيًا
To exert all one's force or energy, especially in running or fighting.
A reflexive or intransitive Form X use of gathering one's strength.
- Lane · entry 47351
اسْتَجْمَعَ القَوْمُ
For a group to depart all together, with none remaining.
A specialized collective use.
- Lane · entry 47351
اسْتَجْمَعَ البَقْلُ
For herbs or leguminous plants to dry up completely.
A specialized intransitive use.
- Lane · entry 47351
جَمْعٌ
A proper name for al-Jamʿ, the place or tract where pilgrims collect, and for associated pilgrimage days.
A determinate geographical and ritual use, distinct from the ordinary noun for a gathering.
- Lane · entry 47352
جَمْعٌ
The worst or mixed kinds of dates collected from several palm trees.
A specialized noun referring to dates mixed together, often because of inferior quality.
- Lane · entry 47352
جَمْعٌ
Palm trees grown from date stones whose variety is unknown.
A specialized botanical use.
- Lane · entry 47352
جَمْعٌ
Red gum.
A specialized material noun.
- Lane · entry 47352
جَمْعٌ
Milk collected in the udder of a camel whose teats have been bound.
A specialized pastoral term, contrasted with the milk of an unbound udder.
- Lane · entry 47352
الجُمْعُ
A clenched fist, or the quantity that a clenched hand can grasp.
Also used for the part where garments meet when someone is seized by the clothes.
- Lane · entry 47353
بِجُمْعٍ
Concealed, undisclosed, or unknown with respect to an affair.
An idiomatic expression for an affair kept hidden.
- Lane · entry 47353
بِجُمْعٍ
Wholly or in its entirety.
Used of a month that has completely passed.
- Lane · entry 47353
بِجُمْعٍ
Containing something retained within: said of a woman who is still a virgin or who is pregnant, and of a pregnant she-camel.
An idiomatic use explained as retaining something without separation; the alternatives of virginity and pregnancy are lexical variants reported in the evidence.
- Lane · entry 47353
جُمْعَةٌ
A state of union, agreement, harmony, sociability, companionship, or friendship.
The common noun denotes a condition of people being joined or congenial, distinct from the Quranic proper name for Friday.
- Lane · entry 47356
جُمْعَةٌ
The week, understood as the collective days of the week.
A dialectal or specialized nominal use.
- Lane · entry 47356
جُمْعَةٌ
A collection of things, such as a collection or handful of pebbles or dates.
A concrete noun for a gathered quantity.
- Lane · entry 47356
جَمْعِيٌّ
Plural or relating to a plural.
A grammatical or descriptive adjective.
- Lane · entry 47357
جُمَعِيٌّ
One who fasts on Friday alone.
A specialized religious-descriptive noun.
- Lane · entry 47358
جِمَاعٌ
That which comprises or embodies a number of things; an encompassing whole or essence.
Used of something in which several matters are contained, as in what comprises sins or sayings.
- Lane · entry 47359
قِدْرٌ جِمَاعٌ
A very large cooking pot capable of containing a large quantity or an animal.
A specialized adjective or noun for a capacious vessel.
- Lane · entry 47359
فُلَانٌ جِمَاعٌ لِبَنِي فُلَانٍ
A person to whom a group resorts for counsel or authority.
A figurative use of the encompassing sense.
- Lane · entry 47359
جَمِيعٌ
A man compact or strong in build, not decrepit or infirm.
A specialized adjectival use.
- Lane · entry 47361
جَمِيعُ اللَّأْمَةِ
Having one's arms or weapons gathered and ready.
An idiomatic construction describing equipment collected together.
- Lane · entry 47361
جَمِيعُ الرَّأْيِ
Having sound, settled, or undisturbed judgment or counsel.
An idiomatic adjectival construction.
- Lane · entry 47361
جَعَلَ الأَمْرَ جَمِيعًا
To make an unsettled affair firm, resolved, or decided.
A construction describing resolution after deliberation and changing possibilities.
- Lane · entry 47361
جَمَّاعٌ
One who collects much or collects many things.
The source presents this meaning with an indication of lexical analogy or probability.
- Lane · entry 47363
جُمَّاعٌ
Anything whose component parts are collected or drawn together.
A noun for a collected or integrated whole.
- Lane · entry 47364
جُمَّاعٌ
Short, when used as an epithet for a woman.
A specialized adjectival use.
- Lane · entry 47364
جُمَّاعُ الثُّرَيَّا
The cluster of the Pleiades, or people who gather in expectation of the rain associated with it.
A specialized astronomical and cultural expression.
- Lane · entry 47364
جُمَّاعُ النَّاسِ
A medley or mixed multitude of people from various tribes, including people scattered or dispersed.
The noun emphasizes a collection whose members are heterogeneous or formerly dispersed.
- Lane · entry 47364
جُمَّاعٌ
The place or source that comprises the origin of something, including the source from which people or tribes descend.
A figurative extension to origins, main tribes, or principal groupings.
- Lane · entry 47364
جُمَّاعُ الجَسَدِ
The main or most essential part of a thing; specifically, the head of a human body.
A specialized figurative use.
- Lane · entry 47364
جُمَّاعُ التَّمْرِ
The clustering of the envelopes of date flowers in one place on the fruit.
A botanical term for a gathered formation.
- Lane · entry 47364
جَامِعٌ
The belly.
A dialectal noun, explained by its containing what passes from the stomach.
- Lane · entry 47365
المَسْجِدُ الجَامِعُ
A congregational mosque, especially the mosque in which Friday prayer is performed.
A substantivized active participle referring to a place that gathers people for prayer.
- Lane · entry 47365
مِصْرٌ جَامِعٌ
A large or comprehensive town containing a substantial population.
An adjectival use for a town that comprises many people or functions.
- Lane · entry 47365
امْرَأَةٌ جَامِعٌ
Pregnant, in a specialized description of a woman.
A specialized adjectival use.
- Lane · entry 47365
أَتَانٌ جَامِعٌ
A she-ass that has only recently become pregnant.
A specialized animal term.
- Lane · entry 47365
جَامِعٌ
A neck-irons or collar that brings the hands together at the neck.
A specialized noun for a restraint.
- Lane · entry 47365
جَوَامِعُ الكَلِمِ
Concise speech that conveys many meanings in few words.
A conventional expression for comprehensive language and for supplications combining several appropriate requests.
- Lane · entry 47365
رَجُلٌ جَامِعٌ
A man combining qualities that make him suited to varied circumstances or combining all kinds of good qualities.
A specialized adjectival use.
- Lane · entry 47365
دَابَّةٌ جَامِعٌ
A beast fit for either of the specified kinds of saddle.
A specialized animal adjective.
- Lane · entry 47365
جَمَلٌ جَامِعٌ
A camel that has failed to put forth the expected tooth at the usual time.
A specialized animal term with a specifically described stage of tooth development.
- Lane · entry 47365
أَجْمَعُ
More or most comprehensive, containing the greatest number or quantity.
A superlative adjectival use, distinct from the emphatic corroborative used in the Quranic form.
- Lane · entry 47367
جَمْعَاءُ
Entire and complete in all limbs, with nothing missing or mutilated.
Used of a beast free from bodily defects.
- Lane · entry 47367
نَاقَةٌ جَمْعَاءُ
An extremely aged she-camel whose teeth have become short or nearly gone.
A specialized animal use reported alongside the meaning ‘entire.’
- Lane · entry 47367
مَجْمَعٌ
A place where people assemble, such as an assembly room or sitting room.
A locative noun distinct from the specifically named junction of the two seas.
- Lane · entry 47368
مَجْمَعٌ
The whole of something considered as the place in which its parts are collected.
A figurative locative use for an encompassing whole.
- Lane · entry 47368
أَمْرٌ مُجْمَعٌ
An affair determined, resolved, or agreed upon.
The passive-participial adjective can emphasize resolution or agreement depending on the construction.
- Lane · entry 47369
خُطْبَةٌ مُجْمَعَةٌ
A discourse in which there is no flaw or defect.
A specialized adjectival use.
- Lane · entry 47369
عَامٌ مُجْمِعٌ
A year of drought, dearth, sterility, or unfruitfulness.
The term is explained by the gathering of people where pasture or plenty can be found.
- Lane · entry 47370
فَلَاةٌ مُجْمِعَةٌ
A desert in which travelers keep together rather than disperse, or land of dearth where animals cannot spread out to pasture.
A specialized adjectival use of a place that causes people or animals to remain gathered.
- Lane · entry 47370
مَجْمَعَةٌ
Sands collected together.
A specialized noun; the same form is also reported for barren land.
- Lane · entry 47372
مَجْمَعَةٌ
Vacant or barren land without herbage, vegetation, or water.
A specialized geographical noun.
- Lane · entry 47372
مَجْمُوعٌ
Collected or assembled from different places, even when the items remain separate rather than becoming one thing.
This broader Classical description is the lexical basis of the Quranic passive-participle sense as well.
- Lane · entry 47374
مُجْتَمَعٌ
A place in which a thing becomes collected, contained, or united; a place containing a collection.
A locative noun, including a container or site in which something comes together.
- Lane · entry 47375
مُجْتَمَعُ شَعْرِ الرَّأْسِ
The collective mass or whole of the hair of the head.
A specialized bodily expression.
- Lane · entry 47375
مُجْتَمِعٌ
A man who has attained full manly vigor and whose beard has become full-grown.
A specialized adjectival use explicitly restricted to a man.
- Lane · entry 47376
أَلْقَاهُ مُجْتَمِعًا
To throw someone down gathered together or in a heap.
A specialized adverbial use describing bodily posture or compact arrangement.
- Lane · entry 47376
مَشَى مُجْتَمِعًا
To walk quickly and vigorously, with strength of motion rather than languor.
A specialized adverbial use portraying the walker as gathering his bodily energy.
- Lane · entry 47376
مُتَجَمَّعُ البَيْدَاءِ
The main or central part of a desert.
A specialized place expression, literally the part in which the desert gathers itself.
- Lane · entry 47377
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
أَجْمَعَ is presented separately as the Form IV verb ‘to resolve or combine one’s means,’ while أَجْمَعُ/أَجْمَعِينَ is presented as an emphatic corroborative.
The Form II discussion of intensive accumulation is retained as a Classical meaning because the packet supplies no separate QAC Form II form group; its Quranic example should not be mistaken for a QAC Form II occurrence.
The Lane Quran citations use historical notation in places; Quran examples here use only independently supplied QAC locations.