Quranic root
حزب
ḥ · z · b
The root centers on gathering and coming together. Its principal noun denotes a collective body, party, or faction.
The idea of gathering develops into the senses of a party or faction and a portion set aside for a specified purpose. Related Classical branches extend the root to rugged ground, compact or coarse build, and emphatic descriptive formations.
- Maqāyīs · row 1346
- 1
- Quran-attested forms
- 2
- Quran senses
- 20
- Quran occurrences
Forms in the Quran
The forms this root actually takes in the Quran. Select one to jump to its senses and examples.
حِزْب
ḥizb
- Part of speech
- Noun
- Quran occurrences
- 20 occurrences
Selected examples are shown with the sense they illustrate — chosen to teach that sense, not the complete list of this form’s Quran occurrences.
A party, faction, or collective body united by common allegiance, opinion, or action.
The group need not be physically assembled. Quranic constructions include parties aligned with a figure or cause, such as حزب الله and حزب الشيطان, as well as divided sects or factions.
- Lane · entry 14294
- Mufradāt · row 318
Selected Quran examples
Quran 5:56word 8
“(the) party”
Quran 18:12word 5
“(of) the two parties”
Quran 23:53word 6
“faction”
Quran 58:22word 48
“(the) party”
A confederated force or coalition formed for warfare.
Especially used in the plural, often with the article, for groups that combine against a prophet or an opposing community; this is the usage associated with the Qur'anic al-Ahzab and similar hostile coalitions.
- Lane · entry 14294
- Mufradāt · row 318
Selected Quran examples
Quran 33:20word 2
“the confederates”
Quran 33:22word 4
“the confederates”
Occurrences in the Quran
Every place this root appears, in Quran order. The first few are shown here.
- 5:56حِزْبَ(the) party
- 11:17ٱلْأَحْزَابِthe sects
- 13:36ٱلْأَحْزَابِthe groups
- 18:12ٱلْحِزْبَيْنِ(of) the two parties
- 19:37ٱلْأَحْزَابُthe sects
Broader Classical Arabic meanings
Recorded for this root in the Classical lexicons beyond its Quran usage. These are secondary to the Quran senses above.
Show 18 Classical meanings
حَزَبَهُ
To befall someone as a severe or distressing event; to press heavily upon, straiten, or overcome him.
Used of an event that affects a person suddenly or unexpectedly.
- Lane · entry 14289
حَزَّبَ
To collect, congregate, or assemble people; to form them into parties, classes, divisions, or similar bodies.
A transitive derived verb describing the organization of people into groups.
- Lane · entry 14290
حَزَّبَ
To divide the Qur'an into set portions for recitation or specified acts of prayer.
A conventional derived use connected with assigning portions for recurring devotional practice; one reported convention divides it into sixty portions.
- Lane · entry 14290
حَازَبَهُ
To join someone's party or partisans and support or aid him.
The verb combines affiliation with the party of another person and assistance to that person.
- Lane · entry 14291
تَحَزَّبَ
To become or form oneself into parties, classes, divisions, or similar bodies; to collect together against others.
A reflexive or intransitive derived use, including the formation of opposing groups.
- Lane · entry 14292
حَزْبٌ
A severe or distressing event, especially one that suddenly straitens or overcomes a person.
A noun for the afflicting event itself rather than for the act of being affected by it.
- Lane · entry 14293
حِزْبٌ
A turn or appointed time of coming to water.
A specialized use equivalent to a designated water-fetching turn.
- Lane · entry 14294
حِزْبٌ
A set portion of the Qur'an, prayer, or similar recitation assigned for a particular occasion or time.
A conventional devotional and recitational use; a reported specialized convention treats a hizb as a sixtieth portion of the Qur'an.
- Lane · entry 14294
حِزْبٌ
A weapon or weapons of war.
A nominal use for the equipment or implements of warfare.
- Lane · entry 14294
حِزْبَاءٌ، حِزْبَاءَةٌ
Rugged, hard, or elevated ground; a rugged elevated tract or place.
The two related forms include descriptions of extended, narrow, or especially rugged high ground.
- Lane · entry 14295
حَزَابٍ
Thick, coarse, rude, bulky, and relatively short in build; also hardy, strong, or sturdy when said of an ass.
Reported of a man, ass, camel, or pubes, with the sturdy sense specifically applied to an ass.
- Lane · entry 14296
حَازِبٌ
A severe or distressing event.
A nominal descriptive use; the plural is also reported in the lexical discussion.
- Lane · entry 14300
حَازِبٌ
What falls to a person's lot of work.
A specialized use describing an assigned or allotted task.
- Lane · entry 14300
حِنْزَابٌ
A plant identified as the carrot of the land, possibly the wild carrot.
The identification is reported with some uncertainty; the sea carrot is distinguished in the same lexical discussion.
- Lane · entry 14301
حِنْزَابٌ
A cock or rooster.
- Lane · entry 14301
حِنْزَابٌ
A species of the bird known as قَطًا.
- Lane · entry 14301
حُنْزُوبٌ
A certain plant.
The plant is tentatively identified with حِنْزَابٌ; the exact identification is uncertain.
- Lane · entry 14302
حَيْزَبُونَ
An old woman; in more pointed descriptions, a bad, cunning, or crafty old woman.
The negative or crafty characterization is an attested descriptive nuance, not required in every use.
- Lane · entry 14303
Cautions
Points that affect how this root should be read.
The Quranic form group contains singular, dual, and broken-plural inflections but is presented under the normalized singular headword حِزْب.
The reported property-share meaning for حِزْبٌ is not treated as established because the lexical passage itself suggests that it may be a mistranscription for another root.
The plant identifications under حِنْزَابٌ and حُنْزُوبٌ are retained as reported Classical usages, while their precise identification or morphological relation is uncertain.
Unassigned or ambiguous evidence
lane-unit:Hzb:14294:g1:sub5: Lane reports a possible sense of a portion, share, or lot of property, but explicitly suggests that the form may be a mistranscription for جِزْبٌ; it is therefore left unassigned rather than presented as an established meaning.